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2 GTP
c-diGMP + 2 diphosphate
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adenyloimidodiphosphate
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adenylomethyloendiphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
dATP
deoxy-cAMP + diphosphate
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deoxy-cAMP + diphosphate
ATP
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r
GTP
3',5'-cGMP + diphosphate
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GTP
3',5'-cyclic-GMP + diphosphate
Q7CH76
class IV adenylyl cyclase also functions as guanylyl cyclase with about 20% efficiency
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additional information
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
catalytic heterodimer VC1-IIC2
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ACA, cAMP signalling is essential for aggregation and development of the amoebae upon starvation
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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r
ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
photoavoidance is triggered by cAMP formed by a blue-light activated class IIIb AC
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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664044, 678381, 679107, 679659, 679862, 680828, 681009, 681169, 682112, 682285, 682958 -
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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r
ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
O06362, O06572, O07732, O53213, O53720, P71914, P94982, P9WM05, P9WMU7, P9WMV1, P9WQ29, P9WQ31, P9WQ33, P9WQ35, Q11028 -
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
ATP substrate affinity is low
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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Rv1900, C-terminal CHD can use both ATP and GTP as substrate but has a 14fold preference for ATP
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
O53213, O53720, P71914, P94982, P9WM05, P9WMU7, P9WMV1, P9WQ29, P9WQ31, P9WQ33, P9WQ35 -
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
ATP substrate affinity is low
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
Nocardia erythropolis
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
in CyaB1 only GAFB binds cAMP
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
in CyaB2 both GAFA and GAFB are cAMP receptors
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
cAMP is required for expression of the secretion system by which virulence factors are translocated to the host cell
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
cAMP synthesis by the AC6 isoform is not tightly coupled to cAMP hydrolysis, whereas for the other AC isoforms cAMP synthesis and hydrolysis are much more tightly linked
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
catalytic heterodimer VC1-IIC2
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
-
stable co-expression of AC2 with h5-HT6 receptor in CHODUKX cell line displays dose-dependent cAMP accumulation following agonist treatment
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
squirrel
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
-
bifunctional protein harbouring adenylate cyclase and hemolytic activities
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
adenylyl cyclase activity results from the point mutations E497K/C566D in guanylyl cyclase
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
adenylyl cyclase activity results from the point mutations E497K/C566D in guanylyl cyclase
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
adenylyl cyclase also displays ion channel properties
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
adenylyl cyclase also displays ion channel properties
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
adenylyl cyclase also displays ion channel properties
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
adenylate cyclase toxin CyaA is responsible for modifications of type 2 alveolar L2 cells from flat to round form in rats after infection, overview. CyaA causes similar morphological changes in various cultured cell lines: EBL, HEK293T, MC3T3-E1, NIH 3T3, and Vero cells are rounded by the toxin, whereas Caco-2, Eph4, and MDCK cells are not. CyaA may also affect tissue cells such as respiratory epithelial cells and may be involved in the pathogenesis of the bacterial infection
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
interaction with and invasion of mammalian target cells, such as monocytes and neutrophils, that express the CD11b/CD18, CR3, receptor, is facilitated by acylation of CyaA. CyaA forms small, transient, ionpermeable channels in target membranes. CyaA-induced haemolysis requires higher toxin concentrations and occurs more slowly than intoxication
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the adenylate cyclase toxin CyaA, released by Bordetella pertussis, is an essential virulence factor for colonization of the host. This toxin inhibits migration and activation of phagocytes, thereby preventing bacterial killing, and it also interferes with the initiation of adaptive immunity by misdirecting dendritic cell differentiation to a suppressive rather than stimulatory phenotype, CyaA directly affects adaptive responses by catalyzing cAMP production in human peripheral blood lymphocytes, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the secreted adenylate cyclase toxin is a key virulence factor of pathogenic Bordetellae, it penetrates murine host myeloid phagocytes expressing the alphaMbeta2, e.g. J774A.1 cells, RAW 264.7 cells, or bone marrow-derived macrophage-like cells, integrin and paralyzes their bactericidal capacities by uncontrolled conversion of ATP into a key signaling molecule cAMP. cAMP signaling of CyaA causes transient and selective inactivation of RhoA in mouse macrophages in the absence of detectable activation of Rac1, Rac2, or RhoG, modeling of CyaA-mediated subversion of phagocyte functions, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is a key component of the adenylate cyclase signaling system, mechanism and regulation, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
Cyr1p is a key component of the cAMP/PKA-signaling pathway that controls diverse infection-related traits, including hyphal morphogenesis
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the enzyme is involved in regulation of presynaptic terminal excitability
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme, via cAMP, participates in the sugar-taste signaling pathway at the low concentration range, the long form of AC78C product is essential for the normal sugar response in adult flies, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
S103 is important for substrate binding docking to the gamma-phosphate group of ATP
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme acts as a photoreceptor for step-up photophobic response
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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691237, 691562, 691574, 691711, 691723, 693757, 693772, 694258, 694376, 695074, 695078, 707396, 707490, 708403, 709018, 709679, 709693, 713708 -
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
brains from suicide subjects show abnormalities in the cAMP signaling cascade compared to healthy subjects
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
isozyme AC7 is a key regulator for integration of the S1P/G13 effect on cAMP in RAW 264.7 cells, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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most of the effects of cAMP are mediated by its receptor protein kinase A, PKA, cAMP serves as a second messenger and activates the phosphorylation enzyme PKA. The enzyme is part of the adenylyl cyclase-cyclicAMP signaling system, which is implicated in synaptic and structural plasticity and utilized by a number of neurotransmitter receptors, including serotonergic and adrenergic, to mediate their physiological functions, detailed overview. Cross-talk between the AC-cAMP and other signaling systems
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the enzyme is associated to the bone mineral density and ADCY10 polymorphisms are involved in low spinal bone mineral density in hypercalciuric patients, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is involved in cAMP signaling and cAMP/PKA-mediated growth inhibition
cAMP activates protein kinase A
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
the reaction is part of the cAMP signaling pathways, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
the reaction is part of the cAMP signaling pathways, overview
the intimate association between IP3R2 receptor and isozyme AC6 allows cAMP to pass directly from adenylate cyclase to IP3R in a manner analogous to substrate channeling in enzyme complexes, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the C1 and C2 domains form a single ATP-binding at their interface
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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the enzyme is a key component of the adenylate cyclase signaling system, mechanism and regulation, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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AC1 is a major adenylyl cyclase isoform controlling cyclic AMP synthesis in the mouse retina, dopamine receptor D4R activation tonically regulates the expression of AC1 in photoreceptors
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
activation of cardiac adenylyl cyclase isozyme ACVI expression increases the function of the failing ischemic heart in mice, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
Ca2+-dependent adenylyl cyclases play a specific role in recovery from adaptive presynaptic silencing, involvement of the cAMP pathway in the basal balance between silenced and active synapses, as well as the recovery of baseline function after depolarization-induced presynaptic silencing, e.g. by glutamate, although isozymes AC1 and AC8 are not crucial for the baseline balance between silent and active synapses, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
capacitative Ca2+ entry via plasma membrane pore-forming component Orai1, i.e. Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ modulator 1 or CRACM1, and stromal interacting molecule 1, STIM1, regulates adenylyl cyclase type 8, other modes of Ca2+ entry, including those activated by arachidonate and the ionophore ionomycin, are ineffective, detailed overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
cortical adenylyl cyclase 1 and activity-dependent postsynaptic AC1-cAMP signaling are required for thalamocortical synapse functional maturation and the development of normal barrel cortex cytoarchitecture, the formation of the gross morphological features of barrels is independent of postsynaptic AC1 in the layer IV barrel cortex. Regulation mechanism, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
cyclic AMP signaling plays a central role in regulating activity at a number of synapses in the brain, Galpha(i2) inhibition of adenylate cyclase regulates presynaptic activity and unmasks cGMP-dependent long-term depression at Schaffer collateral-CA1 hippocampal synapses, detailed overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
enzyme regulation in cAMP signalling, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
isozyme AC8 is required for the hippocampus-dependent working/episodic-like memory, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
roles of calcium-stimulated adenylyl cyclase and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV in the upregulation of fragile X mental retardation protein, FMRP, by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluRs, in anterior cingulate cortex neurons probably through cAMP response element-binding protein activation, calcium is critical for the regulation of FMRP by group I mGluRs, overview. Isozyme AC1 may contribute to the activation of CREB caused by stimulating group I mGluRs, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
roles of calcium-stimulated adenylyl cyclase and calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV in the upregulation of fragile X mental retardation protein, FMRP, by group I metabotropic glutamate receptors, mGluRs, in anterior cingulate cortex neurons probably through cAMP response element-binding protein activation, calcium is critical for the regulation of FMRP by group I mGluRs, overview. Isozyme AC8 may contribute to the activation of CREB caused by stimulating group I mGluRs, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
roles of G protein regulation of adenylyl cyclases in the brain, olfactory bulb, and heart, overview. Roles for cAMP in a vast number of biological systems, including but not limited to oogenesis, embryogenesis, larval development, hormone secretion, glycogen breakdown, smooth muscle relaxation, cardiac contraction, olfaction, and learning and memory. Physiological roles for individual adenylyl cyclase Isozymes, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
the cardiac-specific isozyme AC5 plays an important role in regualting heart rate during parabolic flights, overview
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
type 1 adenylyl cyclase is essential for maintenance of remote contextual fear memory
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
the C1 and C2 domains form a single ATP-binding at their interface
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
AC1 is a major adenylyl cyclase isoform controlling cyclic AMP synthesis in the mouse retina, dopamine receptor D4R activation tonically regulates the expression of AC1 in photoreceptors
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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-
-
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
enzyme regulation in cAMP signalling, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
isozyme AC8 is required for the hippocampus-dependent working/episodic-like memory, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
the cardiac-specific isozyme AC5 plays an important role in regualting heart rate during parabolic flights, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is a key component of the adenylate cyclase signaling system, mechanism and regulation, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
regulation of isozymes in the plasma membrane, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
cAMP signaling pathway mediates the activation of exocytosis in sporozoites, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
cAMP signaling pathway mediates the activation of exocytosis in sporozoites, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
cAMP signaling pathway mediates the activation of exocytosis in sporozoites, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
690360, 690680, 691561, 691562, 692562, 693180, 693436, 693560, 693763, 693803, 693830, 693847, 694363, 694374, 694823, 707801, 707947, 710009, 716279 -
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor, PAC1-R, is involved in cAMP signalling in the pituitary gland
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
Ca2+-dependent adenylyl cyclases play a specific role in recovery from adaptive presynaptic silencing, involvement of the cAMP pathway in the basal balance between silenced and active synapses, as well as the recovery of baseline function after depolarization-induced presynaptic silencing, e.g. by glutamate, although isozymes AC1 and AC8 are not crucial for the baseline balance between silent and active synapses, overview. But AC8 plays a particularly important role in rapidly resetting the balance of active to silent synapses after adaptation to strong activity
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
capacitative Ca2+ entry via plasma membrane pore-forming component Orai1, i.e. Ca2+ release-activated Ca2+ modulator 1 or CRACM1, and stromal interacting molecule 1, STIM1, regulates adenylyl cyclase type 8, other modes of Ca2+ entry, including those activated by arachidonate and the ionophore ionomycin, are ineffective, detailed overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
interaction of mu-opioid receptors with G proteins and adenylyl cyclase in lumbar segments of the spinal cord, regulation, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
regulation of epithelial Na+ transport by soluble adenylyl cyclase in kidney collecting duct cells, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
soluble isozymes sAC play a unique function in male germ cells, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the adenylyl cyclase signaling cascade is involved in nicotine dependence and withdrawal, but also mediates numerous other neurotransmitter responses, effects of nicotine on adenylate cyclase enzyme activity: adolescent nicotine exposure elicits persistent suppression of basal adenylate cyclase activity and eventual compromise of responses to beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation, with effects emerging in late adulthood, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is involved in beta1-AR signaling system that modulates intracellular Ca2+ in the heart. The enzyme is involved in mediation of the antiarrhymthmic effect of electro-acupuncture in the heart, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is one of the signal transducing systems implicated in the regulation of the cardiovascular system and plays a role in signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells, which is decreased by oxidative stress, induced by high glucose, along with the expression of Gialpha proteins, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme modulates the cardiovascular response of posterior hypothalamic adenosine A2A receptor stimulation, adenylate cyclase, but not guanylate cyclase, mediates the depressor and bradycardiac actions of adenosine A2A receptors, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the soluble adenylyl cyclase is the main producer of glucose-induced cAMP in INS-1E insulinoma cells, while the transmembrane adenylyl cyclase does not play a role, overview
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
-
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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-
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
-
the enzyme is a key component of the adenylate cyclase signaling system, mechanism and regulation, overview
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-
?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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?
ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
SAC1 acts downstream of heterotrimeric G protein GSA3, parallel to a GSA1-GSA2-mediated signaling pathway
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
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ATP
3',5'-cyclic-AMP + diphosphate
Q7CH76
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?
ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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r
ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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-
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?
ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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ATP
cAMP + diphosphate
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MgATP2-
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MgATP2-
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at pH 7.5
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MnATP2-
?
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additional information
?
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development of a method for fluorimetric assay for real-time monitoring of adenylyl cyclase activity based on terbium norfloxacin, evaluation, application of radioactively labeled substrate, such as [a-32P]ATP, or fluorescently labeled antibodies, overview
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?
additional information
?
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there may be ecological niches in which CyaA is not critical for the success of Bordetella bronchiseptica
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?
additional information
?
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at high toxin concentrations, non-acylated CyaA can intoxicate macrophages by delivery of the catalytic domain. CyaA, but not mutant CyaA*, is able to induce caspase 3/7 activity, CyaA causes 50% inhibition of the zymosan-stimulated oxidative burst
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?
additional information
?
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at high toxin concentrations, non-acylated CyaA can intoxicate macrophages by delivery of the catalytic domain. CyaA, but not mutant CyaA*, is able to induce caspase 3/7 activity, CyaA causes 50% inhibition of the zymosan-stimulated oxidative burst
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?
additional information
?
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CyaA increases the cAMP level and activates PKA in human host T lymphocytes, treatment of human T-lymphocytes with CyaA results in profound impairment of T-lymphocyte activation and chemotaxis, caused by inhibition of T-cell antigen receptor and chemokine receptor signaling via a cAMP/protein kinase A-dependent pathway, overview. The biological effects of the toxin are paralleled by inhibition of the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases
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?
additional information
?
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the CyaA/cAMP-induced drop of RhoA activity yielded dephosphorylation of the actinfilament severing protein cofilin and massive actin cytoskeleton rearrangements, which were paralleled by rapidly manifested macrophage ruffling and a rapid and unexpected loss of macropinocytic fluid phase uptake. CyaA/cAMP signaling further caused a rapid and near-complete block of complement-mediated phagocytosis. CyaA-induced membrane ruffling in host cells is transient and wanes faster at higher toxin concentration, overview
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?
additional information
?
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plant soluble adenylyl cyclases are part of a complex signaling system affected by biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. low temperature, phytohormones, biogenic inductors, light, viruses, and bacterial metabolites
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?
additional information
?
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Ras1p and Cyr1p work as a complex that constitutes part of a sensor/effector machinery, and their interaction ensures proper protein folding for optimal ligand sensing and/or subsequent allosteric activation of the catalytic domain, without Ras1p the system functions partially, thereby requiring strong inducing signals to activate downstream events for hyphal growth, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the A2B adenosine receptor controls at least three independent signaling pathways, one of which is the Gs-mediated stimulation of adenylate cyclase, in mast cells and microvascular endothelial cells
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?
additional information
?
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structure-function relationship, overview
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?
additional information
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structure-function relationship, overview
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additional information
?
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a synergism between the Gs and G13 pathways, mediated by the S1P2 receptor and the heterotrimeric G protein G13, occurs through regulation of a specific isoform of adenylyl cyclase, G13 regulation of AC7 activity is mediated by its alpha-subunit, overview
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?
additional information
?
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a synergism between the Gs and G13 pathways, mediated by the S1P2 receptor and the heterotrimeric G protein G13, occurs through regulation of a specific isoform of adenylyl cyclase, G13 regulation of AC7 activity is mediated by its alpha-subunit, overview
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?
additional information
?
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a synergism between the Gs and G13 pathways, mediated by the S1P2 receptor and the heterotrimeric G protein G13, occurs through regulation of a specific isoform of adenylyl cyclase, G13 regulation of AC7 activity is mediated by its alpha-subunit, overview. Overexpression of Galpha12/13QL is unlikely to regulate the activity of Gs, rather it acts to attenuate the G13 pathway that converges on AC7
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?
additional information
?
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a synergism between the Gs and G13 pathways, mediated by the S1P2 receptor and the heterotrimeric G protein G13, occurs through regulation of a specific isoform of adenylyl cyclase, G13 regulation of AC7 activity is mediated by its alpha-subunit, overview. Overexpression of Galpha12/13QL is unlikely to regulate the activity of Gs, rather it acts to attenuate the G13 pathway that converges on AC7
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?
additional information
?
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adenylyl cyclase and cAMP formation in mood disorders and the role of the enzyme protein kinase A, mood disorders are among the most prevalent and recurrent forms of psychiatric illnesses, mechanistic basics, overview. In depressed patients, the expression of stimulatory G protein is increased and of inhibitory G protein is decreased, which suggests greater stimulation of the cAMP pathway
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?
additional information
?
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Epstein Barr virus infection of B-lymphocyte renders the cells resistent against to cAMP/PKA-mediated growth inhibition, and the infection abolishes enzyme activation by forskolin, NaF, and G proteins, and the ability of forskolin to inhibit camptothecin-induced apoptosis, and it abolishes the inhibitory effect of forskolin on apoptosis induced by S phase-specific cytotoxic drugs, overview
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?
additional information
?
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potentiation of IP3-evoked Ca2+-signals by PTH specifically requires AC6 and IP3R2 receptor, the muscarinic receptors, that alone evoke Ca2+ release, are distributed differently to those that release Ca2+ in synergy with cAMP, overview. Focal inhibition of the enzyme more effectively inhibits Ca2+ signaling than global inhibition
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?
additional information
?
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potentiation of IP3-evoked Ca2+-signals by PTH specifically requires AC6 and IP3R2 receptor, the muscarinic receptors, that alone evoke Ca2+ release, are distributed differently to those that release Ca2+ in synergy with cAMP, overview. Focal inhibition of the enzyme more effectively inhibits Ca2+ signaling than global inhibition
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?
additional information
?
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potentiation of IP3-evoked Ca2+-signals by PTH specifically requires AC6 and IP3R2 receptor, the muscarinic receptors, that alone evoke Ca2+ release, are distributed differently to those that release Ca2+ in synergy with cAMP, overview. Focal inhibition of the enzyme more effectively inhibits Ca2+ signaling than global inhibition
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?
additional information
?
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reduction of adenylyl cyclase activity induced by NaF and the increase in the Gi/Gs ratio could explain the changes in neurotransmission in humans with depression
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?
additional information
?
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sickle red cell adhesion contributes to sickle cell disease pathophysiology, involving the gene interaction of gene ADCY6, encoding the adenylate cyclase, and gene ADRB2, encoding the beta2-adrenergic receptor, altered interaction affects sickel red cell adhesion to laminin, overview
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?
additional information
?
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-
the A2B adenosine receptor controls at least three independent signaling pathways, one of which is the Gs-mediated stimulation of adenylate cyclase, in mast cells and microvascular endothelial cells
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?
additional information
?
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optimization of a radioimmunoassay method for cAMP, with markedly improved speed and reduced cost without sacrificing sensitivity, and also adaptable to analysis of cGMP. Development of a simple, reproducible, and inexpensive method to make the radiomarker used for the radioimmunoassay, overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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-
plant soluble adenylyl cyclases are part of a complex signaling system affected by biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. low temperature, phytohormones, biogenic inductors, light, viruses, and bacterial metabolites
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?
additional information
?
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AC1 is expressed throughout the trigeminal pathway
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?
additional information
?
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adenylyl cyclase-5 activity in the nucleus accumbens regulates anxiety-related behavior, overview
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?
additional information
?
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concomitant activation of adenylyl cyclase suppresses the opposite influences of CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists on tyrosine hydroxylase expression, overview
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?
additional information
?
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cyclase 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
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cyclase 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
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cyclase 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
?
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cyclases 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
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cyclases 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
?
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cyclases 2 and 5 constitutively form a functional heterodimeric complex in HEK293 cells, overview
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?
additional information
?
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inhibition of adenylyl cyclase and cAMP production is involved in somatostatin anti-angiogenic actions, neoangiogenesis is a response to retinal hypoxia that is inhibited by somatostatin through its subtype 2 receptor, sst2, hypoxia increases AC responsiveness, especially of isozyme ACVII, in wild-type retinas and in retinas lacking sst2, but not in sst2-overexpressing retinas, overview
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?
additional information
?
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-
key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of AC is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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key to regulation of adenylate cyclase is the interface between the C1 and C2 domains which forms a single ATP-binding site, regulatory patterns and mechanisms for the various isozyme groups, detailed overview
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?
additional information
?
-
netrin-1 does not alter cAMP levels in axons attracted by this cue, and soluble adenylyl cyclase is not required for axon guidance to netrin-1
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-
?
additional information
?
-
soluble adenylyl cyclase is an essential component of cAMP-signalling cascades that activate sperm motility and capacitate sperm, but soluble adenylyl cyclase does not have a direct effect on hyperactivation
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-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the complexity of signalling by the ubiquitous second messenger cAMP is enhanced by multiple regulatory susceptibilities of its synthesis by adenylyl cyclases and degradation by phosphodiesterases, ACs receive regulatory signals from multiple sources, such as G-proteins, protein kinases, growth factors and Ca2+
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
the light- and dopamine D4 receptor-signaling pathways converge on the type 1 Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase to regulate cyclic AMP synthesis in photoreceptor cells, essential roles of D4 receptors and AC1 in photic control of cyclic AMP in photoreceptor cells, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
type 5 adenylyl cyclase plays a major role in stabilizing heart rate in response to microgravity induced by parabolic flight, overview
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?
additional information
?
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type 5 adenylyl cyclase plays a major role in stabilizing heart rate in response to microgravity induced by parabolic flight, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the light- and dopamine D4 receptor-signaling pathways converge on the type 1 Ca2+/calmodulin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase to regulate cyclic AMP synthesis in photoreceptor cells, essential roles of D4 receptors and AC1 in photic control of cyclic AMP in photoreceptor cells, overview
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?
additional information
?
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concomitant activation of adenylyl cyclase suppresses the opposite influences of CB1 cannabinoid receptor agonists on tyrosine hydroxylase expression, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
-
type 5 adenylyl cyclase plays a major role in stabilizing heart rate in response to microgravity induced by parabolic flight, overview
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
plant soluble adenylyl cyclases are part of a complex signaling system affected by biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. low temperature, phytohormones, biogenic inductors, light, viruses, and bacterial metabolites
-
-
?
additional information
?
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-
increases in cAMP in sporozoites are required for apical regulated exocytosis for migration through rodent host liver cells, exocytosis with increased cAMP levels reduces sporozoite migration through host cells, confirming that such extensive migration is no longer necessary when exocytosis is induced by elevations in the level of cAMP, overview
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?
additional information
?
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-
increases in cAMP in sporozoites are required for apical regulated exocytosis for migration through human host liver cells, exocytosis with increased cAMP levels reduces sporozoite migration through host cells, confirming that such extensive migration is no longer necessary when exocytosis is induced by elevations in the level of cAMP, overview
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?
additional information
?
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increases in cAMP in sporozoites are required for apical regulated exocytosis for migration through rodent host liver cells, exocytosis with increased cAMP levels reduces sporozoite migration through host cells, confirming that such extensive migration is no longer necessary when exocytosis is induced by elevations in the level of cAMP, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
netrin-1 does not alter cAMP levels in axons attracted by this cue, and soluble adenylyl cyclase is not required for axon guidance to netrin-1
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
reduction of adenylyl cyclase activity induced by NaF and the increase in the Gi/Gs ratio can explain the changes in neurotransmission in olfactory bulbectomy rats, overview. Two weeks after surgery and compared to sham controls, olfactory bulbectomy rats display reduced NaF-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity and increased Gi/Gs ratios in the hypothalamus, pre-frontal and cingulate cortices but not in the amygdala, hippocampus and caudate nucleus. No differences are found in basal or forskolin-stimulated conditions
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?
additional information
?
-
soluble adenylyl cyclase inhibition blocks ATPase activity without affecting surface expression of the Na+ pump
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-
?
additional information
?
-
the complexity of signalling by the ubiquitous second messenger cAMP is enhanced by multiple regulatory susceptibilities of its synthesis by adenylyl cyclases and degradation by phosphodiesterases, ACs receive regulatory signals from multiple sources, such as G-proteins, protein kinases, growth factors and Ca2+
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?
additional information
?
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-
the mu-opioid selective agonists, sufentanil and DAMGO, stimulate 5'-(gamma-thio)-triphosphate binding and inhibit forskolin-stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity, through a mechanism involving pertussis toxin, PTX, sensitive Gai/o subunits, the enhanced analgesic response following combined nimodipine treatment with sufentanil is associated with adenylyl cyclase supersensitivity to the opioid inhibitory effect through a mechanism involving PTX-resistant G protein subunits, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide type 1 receptor, PAC1-R, a member of the 7-transmembrane domain, group 2 G-protein coupled receptor family, modulate neurotransmission and neurotrophic actions, its activation is pronociceptive. Blockade of the PAC1-R/PACAP complex by PACAP 6-38, a PAC1-R antagonist, can effectively attenuate thermal hyperalgesia and mechanical allodynia associated with inflammatory and neuropathic pain states, overview
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?
additional information
?
-
the transmembrane isozymes is regulated by forskolin and G proteins, while the soluble isozyme is insensitive
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-
?
additional information
?
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-
plant soluble adenylyl cyclases are part of a complex signaling system affected by biotic and abiotic factors, e.g. low temperature, phytohormones, biogenic inductors, light, viruses, and bacterial metabolites
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-
?
additional information
?
-
Q7CH76
class IV adenylyl cyclase also functions as guanylyl cyclase
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?
additional information
?
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-
class IV adenylyl cyclase also functions as guanylyl cyclase
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?