EC Number   |
Recommended Name |
Application |
|---|
    1.1.1.205 | IMP dehydrogenase |
drug development |
1,2,3-triazole IMPDH inhibitors provide new tools for elucidating the role of IMPDH in Cryptosporidium parvum and may serve as potential therapeutics for treating cryptosporidiosis |
| 1.1.1.267 | 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase |
drug development |
1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase in the nonmevalonate isoprene biosynthesis pathway is a target for developing antimalarial drugs |
| 1.1.1.146 | 11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase |
drug development |
11beta-HSD1 will significantly contribute to the biotransformation of oracin in humans. The microsomal carbonyl reductase has a great potential to significantly impair the chemotherapy with the anticancer drug oracin |
| 1.13.11.33 | arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase |
drug development |
15-LO-1 is an attractive pharmacological target for treatment of inflammatory respiratory diseases like asthma, rhinitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| 1.1.1.213 | 3alpha-hydroxysteroid 3-dehydrogenase (Re-specific) |
drug development |
2'-hydroxyflavanone may be useful for clinical therapy of malignancies where AKR1C3 is overexpressed like in prostate and breast cancer |
| 2.7.7.60 | 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidylyltransferase |
drug development |
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate cytidyltransferase, enzyme IspD, is a potential therapeutic drug target in Plasmodium vivax |
| 5.6.2.1 | DNA topoisomerase |
drug development |
3,3-diindolylmethane is a novel Leishmania donovani topoisomerase I poison which acts as a noncompetitive inhibitor. So this intriguing dietary component might be exploited for therapeutic development against leishmaniasis |
| 3.5.1.5 | urease |
drug development |
3-,6-,7-,9-,12-monohydroxy tetradecanoic acid isomers can be used in agriculture, pharmacy and cosmetic industries due to their excellent antielastase, antiurease and antioxidant activities. Hydroxy fatty acids can be urease inhibitors and anti-Helicobacter pylori agents due to their antiurease activity |
| 1.14.18.1 | tyrosinase |
drug development |
3-hydroxyphloretin and catechol isolated from the formosan apple, may be useful as cosmetic agents to stimulate skin whitening |
| 3.4.22.28 | picornain 3C |
drug development |
3C protease inhibitors as anti-enterovirus anti-EV71 agents |
| 3.4.22.28 | picornain 3C |
drug development |
3C protease is regarded as an attractive target for the treatment of HRV infections |
| 3.4.22.28 | picornain 3C |
drug development |
3CP is an optimal target for the development of anti-viral agents |
| 3.4.22.28 | picornain 3C |
drug development |
3Cpro as the molecular target to develop anti enterovirus 71 agents |
| 6.3.2.6 | phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase |
drug development |
4-(N-succino)-5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide synthetase (PurC) is an ideal target for the discovery of antimicrobials against the pathogen |
| 1.13.11.27 | 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase |
drug development |
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), an essential enzyme in tyrosine catabolism, is an important target for treating type I tyrosinemia |
| 1.13.11.27 | 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase |
drug development |
4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase is one of the most promising target sites for herbicide discovery |
| 1.13.11.34 | arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase |
drug development |
5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) is a target for drug design. Due to its role in the production of inflammatory lipid mediators, 5-LOX is a target for the development of therapeutics for conditions as diverse as asthma, cardiovascular disease, pancreatic cancer, and traumatic brain injury |
| 2.5.1.80 | 7-dimethylallyltryptophan synthase |
drug development |
7-DMATS catalyzes regio- and stereospecific prenylations and can be used as efficient catalysts for chemoenzymatic synthesis of prenylated compounds, which can be then tested for their biological activities in drug discovery and development programs |
| 3.4.22.15 | cathepsin L |
drug development |
a clickable and tagless activity-based probe of cathepsin L probe is a highly effective tool in dissecting cathepsin L biology at the proteome levels in both normal physiology and human diseases, thereby facilitating drug-discovery efforts targeting cathepsin L |
| 3.4.21.38 | coagulation factor XIIa |
drug development |
a contact phase inhibitor of FXIIa is an effective and safe antithrombotic agent in vivo |
| 2.4.99.16 | starch synthase (maltosyl-transferring) |
drug development |
a coumarin-based Cu(II)-mDPA sensor (Cu-1b) is developed using internal charge transfer as the sensing mechanism for the selective detection of phosphate ions in HEPES buffer with an association constant of 140000/M. The Cu(II)-di(methylpyridylmethyl)amine-coumarin sensor acts as a robust and sensitive sensor to probe the enzyme-catalyzed reaction. This fluorescence turn-on assay may facilitate the screening of GlgE inhibitors for the discovery of new anti-tuberculosis drugs |
| 1.4.3.1 | D-aspartate oxidase |
drug development |
a DDO inhibitor that augments brain D-Asp levels can be a potent antipsychotic drug for the treatment of NMDA receptor-related disease |
| 3.4.21.72 | IgA-specific serine endopeptidase |
drug development |
a fusion protein of the beta domain and a single-chain antibody to transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus has been expressed on the surface of Escherichia coli. The single-chain antibody is then able to target and block the virus from infecting epithelial cells |
| 1.8.1.4 | dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase |
drug development |
a homology model for PfaE3 reveals an extra anti-parallel beta-strand at the position where human E3BP (E3-binding protein) interacts with E3, a parasite-specific feature that may be exploitable for drug discovery against pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, PDC. Plasmodium PDC is essential for parasite survival in the mosquito vector and for late liver stage development in the human host, suggesting its suitability as a target for intervention strategies against malaria |
| 4.4.1.4 | alliin lyase |
drug development |
a monoclonal antibody (MAb) against Aspergillus fumigatus is produced and chemically ligated to the enzyme alliinase. The purified antibody-alliinase conjugate binds to conidia and hyphae of Aspergillus fumigatus at nanomolar concentrations. In the presence of alliin, the conjugate produces cytotoxic allicin molecules, which kills the fungus |
| 1.1.1.27 | L-lactate dehydrogenase |
drug development |
a selective lactate dehydrogenase inhibitor targeting the L-malate dehydrogenase function of Plasmodium falciparum and its corresponding tricarboxylic acid cycle provides an attractive therapeutic opportunity, in contrast to LDH targeting due to the functional similarity between human and parasite LDHs |
| 3.4.17.23 | angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 |
drug development |
a super-potent tetramerized ACE2 protein displays enhanced neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection |
| 2.3.1.43 | phosphatidylcholine-sterol O-acyltransferase |
drug development |
a therapeutic that increases enzyme LCAT activity may promote reverse cholesterol transport and prove beneficial for the treatment of dyslipidaemia and atherosclerosis |
| 3.5.1.28 | N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase |
drug development |
a thermophilic phage endolysin fusion to a Clostridium perfringens-specific cell wall binding domain creates an anti-Clostridium antimicrobial with improved thermostability, overview |
| 3.4.14.5 | dipeptidyl-peptidase IV |
drug development |
a three-dimensional pharmacophore model is a useful tool for designing novel DPP-IV inhibitors |
| 1.1.1.34 | hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH) |
drug development |
a yeast expression system can serve to study the influence of selected mutations in human HMG-CoA reductase on the sensitivity of the enzyme to commonly prescribed statins, thus this model system is suitable for the development and selection of lipid-lowering drugs as well as for the examination of DNA sequence variations in the context of statin therapy |
| 1.6.5.2 | NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) |
drug development |
ability of ketoconazole and itraconazole to induce NQO1 gene expression at the transcriptional level through an aryl hydrocarbon receptor-dependent mechanism |
| 3.4.24.69 | bontoxilysin |
drug development |
ability of monoclonal antibodies F1-2 and F1-40 to provide therapeutic protection against BoNT/A intoxication in mouse intravenous and oral intoxication models, overview |
| 6.3.2.10 | UDP-N-acetylmuramoyl-tripeptide-D-alanyl-D-alanine ligase |
drug development |
AbMurF is a target for the structure-based development of inhibitors to treat Acinetobacter baumannii infections |
| 4.2.1.10 | 3-dehydroquinate dehydratase |
drug development |
absence of the shikimate patway from humans makes the enzymes of this pathway potential drug targets |
| 4.6.1.1 | adenylate cyclase |
drug development |
AC1 is a potential drug target site to improve long-term remote memor |
| 3.4.15.1 | peptidyl-dipeptidase A |
drug development |
ACE is the molecular targets of inhibitory drugs that favorably influence diabetic complications |
| 1.14.18.1 | tyrosinase |
drug development |
acetazolamide is a good candidate for the inhibition of melanin biosynthesis. and might be used as a lead for developing the drugs for treatment of hyperpigmentary disorders and skin whitening |
| 2.2.1.6 | acetolactate synthase |
drug development |
acetohydroxyacid synthase (AHAS) of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a promising target for the development of anti-tuberculosis agents |
| 3.1.1.7 | acetylcholinesterase |
drug development |
acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and beta-amyloid are the predominant biological targets in the search for anti-Alzheimer's agents |
| 3.1.1.8 | cholinesterase |
drug development |
acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and beta-amyloid are the predominant biological targets in the search for anti-Alzheimer's agents |
| 3.1.1.7 | acetylcholinesterase |
drug development |
AChE is a target for development of improved inhibitots in therapy of Alzheimer's disease |
| 3.1.1.7 | acetylcholinesterase |
drug development |
AChE is an important drug target and its inhibitors prove useful in the symptomatic treatment of Alzheimer's disease |
| 3.1.1.7 | acetylcholinesterase |
drug development |
AChE, when conjugated with organophosphorous compounds, is employed as a template for socalled click-chemistry, freeze-frame synthesis of nucleophilic reactivating agents that could potentially prove useful in AChE reactivation at the target site as well as in catalytic scavenging of organophosphates in plasma, overview |
| 3.1.4.12 | sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase |
drug development |
acid sphingomyelinase activity and sphingomyelin presence are necessary for efficient infection of cells by ebolavirus,the enzym eis a target for drug development |
| 3.4.21.27 | coagulation factor XIa |
drug development |
activated factor XI inhibition as a viable method to increase the ratio of benefit to risk in an antithrombotic drug |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
activating AMPK may have therapeutic potential in treating dry macular degeneration |
| 1.14.18.1 | tyrosinase |
drug development |
activators of tyrosinase with stimulatory effects on melanogenesis are beneficial for the treatment of hypopigmentation diseases. 2,3,5,4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside is a potent tyrosinase activator and stimulator of melanogenesis with potential for the treatment of hypopigmentation disease |
| 1.14.18.1 | tyrosinase |
drug development |
activators of tyrosinase with stimulatory effects on melanogenesis are beneficial for the treatment of hypopigmentation diseases. THSG is a potent tyrosinase activator and stimulator of melanogenesis with potential for the treatment of hypopigmentation disease |
| 1.4.3.4 | monoamine oxidase |
drug development |
active monoamine oxidase inhibitors represent suitable leads for the development of drugs for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease and depression. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are also of interest for the treatment of prostate cancer, certain types of cardiomyopathies and Alzheimer's disease |
| 1.4.3.2 | L-amino-acid oxidase |
drug development |
ACTX-6 demonstrates cytotoxicity in vitro and can inhibit tumor growth in vivo. It can markedly increase accumulation of sub-G1 phase, which suggests that this enzyme can induce apoptosis. ACTX-6 is a potential substance to develop into an antitumor drug |
| 3.5.4.37 | double-stranded RNA adenine deaminase |
drug development |
ADAR1 is a potential therapeutic target in a subset of cancers |
| 3.5.4.4 | adenosine deaminase |
drug development |
adenosine deaminase inhibitors have potential as anti-inflammatory drugs or immunosuppressants |
| 3.5.3.6 | arginine deiminase |
drug development |
ADI is a potential anti-tumor drug for the treatment of argine-auxotrophic tumors, e.g. hepatocellular carcinoma and melanoma |
| 5.4.99.5 | chorismate mutase |
drug development |
advantage of the nonoccurance of CMs in human, develop antimicrobial drugs to combat dreaded human pathogens such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| 2.2.1.6 | acetolactate synthase |
drug development |
AHAS is the target of the sulfonylurea and imidazolinone herbicides |
| 3.1.1.81 | quorum-quenching N-acyl-homoserine lactonase |
drug development |
Ahl-1 lactonase is considered a promising therapeutic agent to inhibit Pseudomonas aeruginosa pathogenicity with no fear of emergence of resistance |
| 2.4.1.232 | initiation-specific alpha-1,6-mannosyltransferase |
drug development |
along with the possibility of a lack of the immunogenic terminal alpha-1,3-mannose linkages in Yarrowia lipolytica, a Yloch1delta mutant strain can be exploited as a platform strain for developing another potential yeast system that can produce recombinant glycoproteins with human-compatible oligosaccharides |
| 3.4.21.90 | Togavirin |
drug development |
alphavirus core protein is a target for antiviral chemotherapy |
| 3.4.22.B79 | nsP2 protease |
drug development |
alphavirus nsp2pro proteases are not very useful tools for the removal of affinity tags from recombinant proteins although they do remain promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of a variety of diseases |
| 5.1.1.1 | alanine racemase |
drug development |
Alr is a target for the development of antibacterial drugs |
| 1.4.1.2 | glutamate dehydrogenase |
drug development |
although AtGDH1 is insensitive to MPD in activity assays, several (+/-)-2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol (MPD) binding sites with conserved sequence are identified and the observation of druggable sites opens a potential for non-competitive herbicide design |
| 4.4.1.20 | leukotriene-C4 synthase |
drug development |
although structural differences near the active site and along the C-terminal alpha-helix V suggest that the mouse and human enzymes may function differently in vivo, the mouse enzyme is a useful tool in pharmacological research and drug development |
| 5.1.99.4 | alpha-methylacyl-CoA racemase |
drug development |
AMACR can be an attractive target for cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-based immunotherapy for cancer |
| 6.1.1.6 | lysine-tRNA ligase |
drug development |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are attractive targets for the discovery of antibacterial agents |
| 6.1.1.15 | proline-tRNA ligase |
drug development |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are attractive targets for the discovery of antibacterial agents |
| 6.1.1.16 | cysteine-tRNA ligase |
drug development |
aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are attractive targets for the discovery of antibacterial agents |
| 3.4.11.2 | membrane alanyl aminopeptidase |
drug development |
aminopeptidase N is a target for development of specific inhibitors |
| 2.7.10.1 | receptor protein-tyrosine kinase |
drug development |
aminoquinazoline pyridones are potent, selective, and orally efficacious c-Kit inhibitors for the treatment of fibrotic diseases. Compounds show greater than 200fold selectivity against KDR, p38, Lck, and Src |
| 4.2.3.24 | amorpha-4,11-diene synthase |
drug development |
amorpha-4,11-diene is a precursor of artemisinin, an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone produced in plant Artemisia annua L., one of the most important agents in the treatment of malaria, particularly in the form of artemisinin-based combination therapies |
| 4.2.3.24 | amorpha-4,11-diene synthase |
drug development |
amorpha-4,11-diene is an anti-malarial drug precursor |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a potential target for drug design against metabolic syndrome, obesity and type 2 diabetes |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
AMPK alpha2beta2gamma3 is an attractive target for drug development for diabetes and metabolic syndrome |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
AMPK is a highly attractive target for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes and other disorders of the metabolic syndrome, and to curb the prevalence and costs of type 2 diabetes |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
AMPK is regarded as one of the most promising targets for new drugs to treat the growing incidence of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease |
| 2.7.11.31 | [hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase (NADPH)] kinase |
drug development |
AMPK represents an attractive therapeutic target for vascular disease treatment |
| 2.4.1.4 | amylosucrase |
drug development |
amylosucrase has great potential in the biotechnology and food industries, due to its multifunctional enzyme activities. It can synthesize alpha-1,4-glucans, like amylose, from sucrose as a sole substrate. It can also utilize various other molecules as acceptors. In addition, amylosucrase produces sucrose isomers such as turanose and trehalulose. It also efficiently synthesizes modified starch with increased ratios of slow digestive starch and resistant starch, and glucosylated functional compounds with increased water solubility and stability. It produces turnaose more efficiently than other carbohydrate-active enzymes. Amylose synthesized by amylosucrase forms microparticles and these can be utilized as biocompatible materials with various bio-applications, including drug delivery, chromatography, and bioanalytical sciences |
| 3.1.13.2 | exoribonuclease H |
drug development |
an active recombinant His6-tagged HBV RNaseH is suitable for low-throughput drug screening and can be used to discover enzyme inhibitors, many of which work against viral replication in cells |
| 3.1.26.4 | ribonuclease H |
drug development |
an active recombinant His6-tagged HBV RNaseH is suitable for low-throughput drug screening and can be used to discover enzyme inhibitors, many of which work against viral replication in cells |
| 3.4.24.23 | matrilysin |
drug development |
andrographolide is a chemotherapeutic agent due to its ability of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation and inflammation by e.g. supprressing MMP-7 |
| 2.3.3.5 | 2-methylcitrate synthase |
drug development |
androstenedione is an important steroid medicine intermediate that is obtained via the degradation of phytosterols by mycobacteria. The production process of androstenedione is mainly the degradation of the phytosterol aliphatic side chain, which is accompanied by the production of propionyl CoA. Excessive accumulation of intracellular propionyl-CoA produces a toxic effect in mycobacteria, which restricts the improvement of production efficiency. Biotransformation at low nitrogen levels can be improved by enhancing the methylcitrate cycle with transcriptional regulators PrpR and GlnR of Mycobacterium neoaurum |
| 3.4.21.61 | Kexin |
drug development |
anti-PCSK9 antibodies may be effective therapeutics for treating hypercholesterolemia |
| 3.4.21.21 | coagulation factor VIIa |
drug development |
anti-thrombosis therapy |
| 3.5.3.6 | arginine deiminase |
drug development |
anti-tumor drug |
| 2.7.8.13 | phospho-N-acetylmuramoyl-pentapeptide-transferase |
drug development |
antibacterial chemotherapy against pathogenic bacteria being multiresistant to common antibiotics |
| 5.6.2.1 | DNA topoisomerase |
drug development |
anticancer agents that target TOP1 achieve their cytotoxic effects by stabilizing and trapping the cleavable TOP1-DNA complex, which ultimately leads to the accumulation of DNA strand breaks and cell death |
| 3.4.21.68 | t-Plasminogen activator |
drug development |
antifibrinolytic agents may be useful for protecting neurons when tPA-mediated damage is anticipated |
| 2.3.1.122 | trehalose O-mycolyltransferase |
drug development |
antigen 85 proteins are potential drug targets |
| 2.3.1.262 | anthraniloyl-CoA anthraniloyltransferase |
drug development |
antivirulence concepts through the inhibition of PqsD in the treatment of bacterial infections |
| 4.2.99.18 | DNA-(apurinic or apyrimidinic site) lyase |
drug development |
APE1 is an attractive therapeutic target in anticancer drug development, there is a link of APE1 overexpression in many cancers to resistance of tumor cells to radio- and chemotherapy. APE1 shows a protective effect in several cancer cell models to a variety of DNA damaging agents. |
| 3.1.1.4 | phospholipase A2 |
drug development |
applicability of minocycline as a lead compound for the design of specific inhibitors of PLA2, which play a crucial role in inflammatory processes |
| 3.5.2.B2 | (+)-gamma-lactamase |
drug development |
application of the enzyme in antiviral drug synthesis. The enzyme catalyzes the specific hydrolysis of (+)-gamma-lactam out of the racemic gamma-lactam (2-azabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-3-one) to leave optically pure (-)-gamma-lactam, which is the key building block of antiviral drugs such as carbovir and abacavir |
| 3.5.3.1 | arginase |
drug development |
arginase catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of polyamines that enable cell growth and hence potential drug target for the treatment of leishmaniasis |
| 3.5.3.6 | arginine deiminase |
drug development |
arginine deiminase is a therapeutic protein for cancer therapy of arginine-auxotrophic tumors. An ammonia detection-based screening system for arginine deiminase activity improvement at low arginine concentrations is developed and validated by identifying variants of the Pseudomonas plecoglossicida arginine deiminase with improved activity at physiological arginine concentrations. Four amino acid substitutions are identified to reduce S0.5 values or increase kcat values. The antiproliferation activity of the improved enzyme variant K30R/C37R/L148P/V291L is investigated and compared to wild-type and mutant enzyme K5T/D38H/D44E/A128T/E296K/H404R by in vitro experiments with two relevant melanoma cell lines under physiological conditions. Pseudomonas plecoglossicida arginine deiminase variant K30R/C37R/L148P/V291L is a highly attractive candidate to be used as therapeutic protein for the treatment of arginine-auxotrophic melanomas |
| 4.3.2.1 | argininosuccinate lyase |
drug development |
argininosuccinate lyase (ASL) is overexpressed in breast cancer and downregulation of argininosuccinate lyase decreases tumor growth by inhibiting cyclin A2 and NO. Administration of ASL shRNA may be a treatment to prevent cancer cell proliferation and induce cancer cell death |
| 5.4.2.11 | phosphoglycerate mutase (2,3-diphosphoglycerate-dependent) |
drug development |
as a key enzyme in glycolysis and energy metabolism, PGAM is a potential target for novel antibiotics |
| 1.2.1.12 | glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (phosphorylating) |
drug development |
as an essential enzyme for the survival of GBS, GAPDH may be a potential target for developing antibacterial drugs |
| 2.7.4.22 | UMP kinase |
drug development |
as bacterial UMP kinases have no counterpart in eukaryotes, the information provided here can help the design of new antibiotics |
| 4.3.2.2 | adenylosuccinate lyase |
drug development |
as Leishmania species lack the de novo pathway and are dependent on the salvage pathway to supply their purine requirements, LbASL could thus represent a drug target for the development of chemical agents to treat leishmaniasis |
| 1.2.1.11 | aspartate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase |
drug development |
ASADH family enzymes are attractive potential targets for development of antibiotics with novel modes of action |
