3.4.11.2: membrane alanyl aminopeptidase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about membrane alanyl aminopeptidase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 3.4.11.2
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3.4.11.2
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bestatin
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dipeptidyl
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border
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brush
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endopeptidase
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angiotensin
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carboxypeptidase
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enkephalin
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urinary
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midguts
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thuringiensis
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sucrase
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enterocytes
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jejunum
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maltase
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tripeptides
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n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase
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neuropeptides
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gamma-glutamyl
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metallopeptidases
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leukotriene
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brush-border
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enkephalinase
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nephrotoxicity
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opioids
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angiotensin-converting
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phosphoramidon
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gamma-glutamyltransferase
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thiorphan
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captopril
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transpeptidase
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microvillar
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sexta
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manduca
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coronaviruses
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ectoenzyme
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sucrase-isomaltase
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p-nitroanilide
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dipeptidylpeptidase
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disaccharidase
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3.4.24.11
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arylamidase
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leu-enkephalin
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oxytocinase
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insulin-regulated
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prolidase
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helveticus
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medicine
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lta4
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dppiv
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gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
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drug development
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diagnostics
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nutrition
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analysis
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pharmacology
- 3.4.11.2
- bestatin
-
dipeptidyl
- border
-
brush
- endopeptidase
- angiotensin
- carboxypeptidase
- enkephalin
- urinary
- midguts
- thuringiensis
- sucrase
- enterocytes
- jejunum
- maltase
- tripeptides
-
n-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase
- neuropeptides
-
gamma-glutamyl
- metallopeptidases
-
leukotriene
-
brush-border
- enkephalinase
-
nephrotoxicity
-
opioids
-
angiotensin-converting
- phosphoramidon
- gamma-glutamyltransferase
- thiorphan
- captopril
- transpeptidase
- microvillar
- sexta
-
manduca
- coronaviruses
-
ectoenzyme
- sucrase-isomaltase
- p-nitroanilide
-
dipeptidylpeptidase
- disaccharidase
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3.4.24.11
- arylamidase
- leu-enkephalin
- oxytocinase
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insulin-regulated
- prolidase
- helveticus
- medicine
- lta4
- dppiv
- gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase
- drug development
- diagnostics
- nutrition
- analysis
- pharmacology
Reaction
Release of an N-terminal amino acid, Xaa-/-Yaa- from a peptide, amide or arylamide. Xaa is preferably Ala, but may be most amino acids including Pro (slow action). When a terminal hydrophobic residue is followed by a prolyl residue, the two may be released as an intact Xaa-Pro dipeptide =
Synonyms
AAP, Aap 1' aminopeptidase, Aap1 aminopeptidase, Aap1', AlaAP, alanine aminopeptidase, alanine-specific aminopeptidase, alanine/arginine aminopeptidase, alanyl aminopeptidase, alanyl-aminopeptidase, Alpha-aminoacylpeptide hydrolase, amino-oligopeptidase, amino-peptidase N, aminopeptidase D, aminopeptidase M, aminopeptidase M II, aminopeptidase N, aminopeptidase N type 1, aminopeptidase N/CD13, aminopeptidase N3, aminopeptidase, microsomal, aminopeptidase-N, ANPEP, AP-N, Ap1, Ap2, APAse D, APase2, Ape, APN, APN-1, APN-PI, APN/CD13, APN1, APN2, APN3, APN96, basic aminopeptidase, beta-alanyl aminopeptidase, CD13, Cl--activated aminopeptidase, CryIA(C) receptor, Cys-Gly-dipeptidase, cysteinyl-glycinase, dipeptidase, DP, EC 3.4.1. 2, EC 3.4.1.2, EC 3.4.3.5, ENPEP, ePepN, extracellular aminopeptidase, GP 130, GP150, L,(L/D)-aminopeptidase, L-alanine aminopeptidase, LAP, lap3, LeuAP M, leucine aminopeptidase, Leukemia antigen CD13, Lys-AP, Lysyl aminopeptidase, M1 alanine aminopeptidase, mAAP, membrane alanyl aminopeptidase N, membrane alanyl-aminopeptidase, Membrane glycoprotein H11, Membrane protein p161, Microsomal aminopeptidase, microsomal leucine aminopeptidase, More, Myeloid plasma membrane glycoprotein CD13, neutral aminopeptidase, NmAPN, p146, p146 type II alveolar epithelial cell antigen, p161, particle-bound aminopeptidase, PepN, peptidase N, plant aminopeptidase N, puromycin-insensitive neutral aminopeptidase
ECTree
3.4.11.2 membrane alanyl aminopeptidaseAdvanced search results
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results (Natural Substrates Products
Natural Substrates Products on EC 3.4.11.2 - membrane alanyl aminopeptidase
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE 
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
angiotensin III + H2O
angiotensin IV + Arg
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the enzyme is involved in regulation of blood pressure in the renin-angiotensin system in the brain causing hypertension, the enzyme is involved in metabolism of angiotensin II and angiotensin III in the brain, overview
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ir
Mr 160000 component
?
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Mr 160000 component of basement membrane, aminopeptidase N plays role in melanoma invasion of basement membrane
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?
aminoacyl peptide
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?
enkephalin
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may be involved in enkephalin neurotransmitter inactivation
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?
insecticidal crystal protein
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from Bacillus thuringensis, binds to aminopeptidase N
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?
insecticidal crystal protein
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from Bacillus thuringensis, binds to aminopeptidase N
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?
additional information
?
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APN is a specific binding protein, and a putative midgut receptor, for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11Ba toxin
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?
additional information
?
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APN is a specific binding protein, and a putative midgut receptor, for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11Ba toxin
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?
additional information
?
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APN is a specific binding protein, and a putative midgut receptor, for Bacillus thuringiensis Cry11Ba toxin
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme plays a role in behaviour and nervous system excitability
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?
additional information
?
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the virus receptor APN is not involved in antibody-dependent enhancement of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme is involved in embryonic angiogenesis and development promoting vascular growth and endothelial cell proliferation
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?
additional information
?
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the aminopeptidase N3 is a putative receptor for Bacillus thuringiensis insecticidal Cry1Ac toxin
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?
additional information
?
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the isozymes have different roles in digestion
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?
additional information
?
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enzyme plays a critical role in angiogenesis
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?
additional information
?
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APN/CD13 plays multiple roles in morphogenesis during angiogenesis in vascular endothelium, enzyme inhibition by RNAi results in inhibition of capillary tube formation of umbilical vein endothelil cells
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?
additional information
?
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APN/CD13 plays multiple roles in morphogenesis during angiogenesis in vascular endothelium, enzyme inhibition by RNAi results in inhibition of capillary tube formation of umbilical vein endothelil cells
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?
additional information
?
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functional co-localization of monocytic enzyme with the Fc gamma receptors CD32 and CD64 as part of a multimeric receptor complex, overview
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?
additional information
?
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mechanism of APN signaling, enzyme inhibition has anti-proliferative effect and causes strong immunosuppression both in vitro and in vivo including growth arrest, induction of immunosuppressive cytokines, e.g. TGF-beta1, reduced expression of inflammatory or T-cell stimulating cytokines, e.g. interleukin-2 and interleukin-12, and mosulation of T-cell signalling pathways, overview, catalytic mechanism, ligand binding structure, active site structure, dynamic opening and closing
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?
additional information
?
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the ectoenzyme acts as a receptor for human coronavirus 229E, in vivo infection of primary embryonic cells and bone marrow dendritic cells
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?
additional information
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the ectoenzyme acts as a receptor for human coronavirus 229E, in vivo infection of primary embryonic cells and bone marrow dendritic cells
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme acts as a cellsuface receptor for cells leading to rapid FcgammaRI-mediated phagocytosis of the cells, functionally interacts and partially co-localizes with FcgammaRs in monocytes, cross-linking of cells via the cytoplasmic portion of the enzyme triggers intracellular signalling, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme acts as receptor for the human coronavirus 229E
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?
additional information
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the enzyme acts as receptor for the human coronavirus 229E
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme can associate with tumor-associated antigen L6, TAL6, and enhance the motility of human lung cancer cells and their adhesion to extracellular matrix, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme expression is regulated on gingival fibroblasts in response to T-cell-derived cytokines, e.g. interleukin-4 and interleukin-13, overview
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme in granulocytes may cooperate with neprilysin, the enzyme is involved in the metabolism of certain vasoactive peptides in vascular cells in the brain, the enzyme mediates human cytomegalovirus infection, the enzym regulates the cycle-dependent bioavailability of interleukin-8 in the endometrium, the enzyme's activity is regulated by estrogen
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in angiogenesis and cell proliferation
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?
additional information
?
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the enzyme is involved in hydrolysis of neutral or basic amino acids from the N-terminus of bioactive peptides, or of amide or arylamide derivatives of amino acids, the enzyme promotes malignant angiogenesis/tumorigenesis, cell proliferation and tumor cell growth, and is involved in several diseases, e.g. inflammatory, overview, detailed catalytic machanism
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in infection of cells with human cytomegalovirus and in pathogenesis, enzyme inhibition reduces the infection rate, infection induces the production of anti-CD13 antibodies, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in postsecretory processing of neuropeptides and peptide hormones
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in signal transduction and monocytic cell adhesion mediating the binding to IgG-receptor FcgammaRs, the enzyme expression is down-regulated during homotypic aggregation, while the enzyme induced the homoypic aggregation, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme might contribute to extracellular matrix degradation, the enzyme shows increased surface expression in cases of malignant transformation, inflamation, or T-cell activation
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?
additional information
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the enzyme negatively regulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced apoptosis in human neutrophils via inhibition of TNF receptor I shedding, mechanism, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme plays a role in the modulation of kinins, neuropeptides, and chemotactic mediators as well as in adhesion and cell-cell interactions, it participates in antigen processing and presentation, trimming of peptides protrusing out of MHC class II molecules, and acts in inflammatory processes, interleukin-10 and TGF-beta are involved in enzyme upregulation in monocytes and U-937 cells, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme plays an important role in tumor cell invasion, the enzyme regulation involves the basic fibroblast growth factor
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?
additional information
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the enzyme serves as receptor for coronaviruses, modulates bioactive peptide responses, e.g. vasopressin release, and influences immune functions and major biological processess, such as cell proliferation, secretion, invasion, and angiogenesis, overview, enzyme inhibition affects these processes, overview
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?
additional information
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the inhibition of APN results in decreased growth of cultured keratinocytes
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?
additional information
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the membrane enzyme is involved in keratinocyte growth and differentiation, inhibition of the enzyme contributes to inhibition of DNA synthesis in proliferating cells
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?
additional information
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role for CD13 in plasma membrane organization. Peptidase activity of CD13 is required for this regulatory activity
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?
additional information
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where initial removal of the NH2-terminal dipeptide from CXCL11 by CD26 allows for further truncation by CD13
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?
additional information
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aminopeptidase N removes N-terminal amino acids from unsubstituted oligopeptides, amide or arylamide, with the exception of peptides with Pro in the penultimate position, the order of favored substrates is Ala>Phe>Tyr>Leu>Arg>Thr>Trp>Lys> Ser>Asp>His>Val
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additional information
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CD13 degrades the chemokine CXCL11, downregulates CXCR4 and modulates stromal cell-derived factor-1 (also known as CXCL12)-induced migration
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additional information
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CD13 hydrolyzes synthetic oligopeptides corresponding to the N terminus of interleukin-1a, interleukin-1b and interleukin-2, although natural interleukin-2 and G-CSF are resistant to hydrolysis
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?
additional information
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CD13 is a receptor for human coronavirus 229E and human cytomegalovirus
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?
additional information
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in vitro, CD13 participates in the metabolism of glutathione, somatostatin, thymopentin, neurokinin A, splenopentin, nociceptin (orphanin) FQ, and peptides derived from the thrombin receptor
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?
additional information
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme acts as major receptor for the CryIAc toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis
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?
additional information
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Cry1AC toxin induces APN shedding from midgut epithelial cells into the luminal fluid, and depletion of the membrane-anchored enzyme on the midgut epithelial cells
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?
additional information
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insulin affects the lysosomal enzyme activity in kidney and liver, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in infection of cells with murine cytomegalovirus and in pathogenesis, enzyme inhibition reduces the infection rate, infection induces the production of anti-CD13 antibodies, overview
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?
additional information
?
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in the transport and degradation of extracellular peptides, aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme is involved in hematopoiesis and bone growth, increased enzyme expression occurs during angiogenesis associated with cancer development
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?
additional information
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aminopeptidase regulation mechanisms and biological functions, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme might be involved in the turnover of intracellular peptides
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?
additional information
?
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the brain enzyme is involved in termination of the action of neuropeptides, especially of enkephalins and angiotensin III, the kidney enzyme contributes to the extracellular catabolism of glutathione, the intestinal enzyme acts as a receptor for the transmissible gastroenteritis virus, a coronavirus, causing fatal diarrhea in newborn pigs
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?
additional information
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the enzyme activity in muscle decreases during Jinhua ham processing, e.g. salting, with increasing levels of free amino acids which is important for the ham flavor, overview
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?
additional information
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the enzyme plays a key role in tumor cell invasion and angiogenesis, enzyme inhibition by psammaplin A suppresses the invasion and tube formation of endothelial cells stimulated by basic fibroblast growth factor, and proliferation of cancer and endothelial cells, overview
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additional information
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in combination with CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase IV, aminopeptidase N processes chemokine ligand CXCL11, but not CXCL8, to generate truncated CXCL11 forms. The truncated CXCL11 fails to induce an intracellular calcium increase but is still able to bind and desensitize CXCR3 for intact CXCL11 signaling. Truncated CXCL11 fails to attract lymphocytes, and further processing by aminopeptidase N results in significant reduction of inhibition of HMVEC migration
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