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Information on EC 2.3.1.183 - phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
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2.3.1.183 phosphinothricin acetyltransferaseIUBMB Comments
The substrate phosphinothricin is used as a nonselective herbicide and is a potent inhibitor of EC 6.3.1.2, glutamine synthetase, a key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism in plants .
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Word Map
- 2.3.1.183
- pat
-
herbicide
- glufosinate
- bialaphos
- viridochromogenes
-
herbicide-resistant
-
basta
- hygroscopicus
-
aryloxyalkanoate
-
herbicide-tolerant
- nopaline
-
microprojectile
- biotechnology
- nptii
-
glufosinate-resistant
- agriculture
- analysis
-
glufosinate-ammonium
-
non-gm
-
bialaphos-resistant
-
regenerable
- molecular biology
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Eukaryota, Archaea
Synonyms
phosphinothricin acetyltransferase, phosphinothricin-n-acetyltransferase, phosphinothricin n-acetyltransferase, ppt acetyltransferase, gk2920, gk0593, dr_1182, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
BAR
DR_1182
hpat
L-PPT N-acetyltransferase
MAT
methionine sulfone N-acetyltransferase
Pat
phosphinothricin acetyltransferase
phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase
phosphinothricin-N-acetyltransferase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin = CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
acetyl-CoA:phosphinothricin N-acetyltransferase
The substrate phosphinothricin is used as a nonselective herbicide and is a potent inhibitor of EC 6.3.1.2, glutamine synthetase, a key enzyme of nitrogen metabolism in plants [2].
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
111069-93-3
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-CoA + 5,5'-dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid)
CoA + 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + bialaphos
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin bialophos
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + bialaphos
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin bialophos
-
bialaphos is a tripeptide containing L-phosphinothricin and two L-alanines
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfone
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfone
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfone
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfone
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfone
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfone
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfoximine
?
enzyme has no activity towards phosphinothricin
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfoximine
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfoxime
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfoximine
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfoxime
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-methionine sulfoximine
CoA + N-acetyl-L-methionine sulfoxime
-
-
-
-
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
i.e. L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA, stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
ir
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
i.e. L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA, stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Rhodococcus sp. DX-35
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Rhodococcus sp. DX-35
-
i.e. L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA, stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
i.e. L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA, stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
i.e. L-homoalanin-4-yl(methyl)phosphinic acid, the active ingredient of the herbicide BASTA, stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
the enzyme is responsible for resistance to L-phosphinothricin and bialaphos
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
analysis of degradation of L-phosphinothricin 14C-labeled specifically at different C-atoms, overview
product determination and identification
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Streptomyces viridochromogenes DSM 40736 / JCM 4977 / BCRC 1201 / Tue 494
/ Tu 494
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Streptomyces viridochromogenes DSM 40736 / JCM 4977 / BCRC 1201 / Tue 494
/ Tu 494
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
analysis of degradation of L-phosphinothricin 14C-labeled specifically at different C-atoms, overview
product determination and identification
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
the active site of the mutant enzyme remains functional but is sufficiently altered to prevent acetylation of phosphinothricin
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
phosphinothricin + acetyl-CoA
L-N-acetylphosphinothricin + CoA
-
-
-
?
phosphinothricin + acetyl-CoA
L-N-acetylphosphinothricin + CoA
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acetyl-CoA + bialaphos
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin bialophos
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Rhodococcus sp. DX-35
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
stereospecific reaction, no activity with D-isomer
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
the enzyme is responsible for resistance to L-phosphinothricin and bialaphos
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
Streptomyces viridochromogenes DSM 40736 / JCM 4977 / BCRC 1201 / Tue 494
/ Tu 494
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + L-phosphinothricin
CoA + L-N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin, which is deaminated to form its corresponding oxo acid 4-methylphosphinico-2-oxo-butanoic acid, which subsequently is decarboxylated to form 3-methylphosphinico-propanoic acid, a stable compound in the plant
-
-
?
acetyl-CoA + phosphinothricin
CoA + N-acetylphosphinothricin
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme confers resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
-
the enzyme activity is inducible 10fold by L-phosphinothricin
-
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.004
L-methionine sulfone
pH 7.2, 30°C, wild-type enzyme
0.089
L-methionine sulfone
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
0.017
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, wild-type enzyme
0.121
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
additional information
additional information
-
Michaelis-Menten kinetic analysis of the recombinant wild-type and modified enzymes
-
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TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
10
L-methionine sulfone
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
1
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, wild-type enzyme
9
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
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kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
112.4
L-methionine sulfone
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
250
L-methionine sulfone
pH 7.2, 30°C, wild-type enzyme
58.8
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, wild-type enzyme
74.3
L-methionine sulfoximine
pH 7.2, 30°C, mutant enzyme M55stop
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
0.0177
-
at 30°C, enzyme activity in crude extract of the transgenic soybean line h-7, in wild-type plants no activity is detectable
0.0221
-
at 30°C, enzyme activity in crude extract of the transgenic soybean line m-12, in wild-type plants no activity is detectable
0.0357
-
at 30°C, enzyme activity in crude extract of the transgenic soybean line h-9, in wild-type plants no activity is detectable
additional information
additional information
Enzymatic PAT activity is different in several transgenic lines, but not detectable in wild-type plants. Transgenic lines with lower enzyme activity are sensitive to higher concentrations of phosphinothricin.
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7.5
8.2
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
7 - 9.5
Catalytic activity reaches a maximum at pH 8 to pH 8.5. In Tris buffer at pH 7 and pH 9.5 20-30% catalytic activity remains. In phosphate buffer, the activity at pH 7 and pH 6.5 is 15% and 10%, respectively. At pH 6 the enzyme shows no activity.
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
30
37
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TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
an improved transformation method for Beauveria bassiana is developed, therefore a new expression vector carrying the bar gene as a marker is constructed, the bar gene is originally isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus and Streptomyces viridochromogenes
-
-
brenda
the bar gene is originally isolated from Streptomyces hygroscopicus and Streptomyces viridochromogenes
-
-
brenda