6.4.1.2: acetyl-CoA carboxylase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about acetyl-CoA carboxylase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 6.4.1.2
-
6.4.1.2
-
amp-activated
-
triglyceride
-
lipogenesis
-
adipose
-
lipogenic
-
sterol
-
peroxisome
-
cholesterol
-
obesity
-
carnitine
-
malonyl-coa
-
proliferator-activated
-
high-fat
-
adipocytes
-
lipoprotein
-
element-binding
-
biotin
-
steatosis
-
lipase
-
obese
-
herbicide
-
srebp-1c
-
triacylglycerols
-
diet-induced
-
stearoyl-coa
-
malic
-
adiponectin
-
nafld
-
lipolysis
-
monophosphate-activated
-
hfd-induced
-
protein-1c
-
weed
-
carboxylases
-
aicar
-
atp-citrate
-
malonyl
-
desaturase-1
-
anti-obesity
-
biotin-dependent
-
hormone-sensitive
-
chrebp
-
5'-amp-activated
-
palmitoyltransferase-1
-
target-site
-
adenoid
-
srebf1
-
anti-adipogenic
-
lolium
-
biotechnology
-
medicine
-
herbicide-resistant
-
pharmacology
-
synthesis
-
drug development
-
biofuel production
-
agriculture
- 6.4.1.2
-
amp-activated
- triglyceride
-
lipogenesis
- adipose
-
lipogenic
- sterol
- peroxisome
- cholesterol
- obesity
- carnitine
- malonyl-coa
-
proliferator-activated
-
high-fat
- adipocytes
- lipoprotein
-
element-binding
- biotin
- steatosis
- lipase
-
obese
-
herbicide
- srebp-1c
- triacylglycerols
-
diet-induced
- stearoyl-coa
-
malic
- adiponectin
- nafld
-
lipolysis
-
monophosphate-activated
-
hfd-induced
- protein-1c
-
weed
- carboxylases
- aicar
-
atp-citrate
-
malonyl
-
desaturase-1
-
anti-obesity
-
biotin-dependent
-
hormone-sensitive
-
chrebp
-
5'-amp-activated
-
palmitoyltransferase-1
-
target-site
- adenoid
-
srebf1
-
anti-adipogenic
- lolium
- biotechnology
- medicine
-
herbicide-resistant
- pharmacology
- synthesis
- drug development
- biofuel production
- agriculture
Reaction
Synonyms
ACACA, ACACB, ACC, ACC-1, ACC-2, ACC1, Acc1a, Acc1b, Acc1p, ACC2, AccA, ACCalpha, ACCase, ACCase 1, ACCB, AccC, Acetyl CoA carboxylase, Acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase alpha, acetyl-CoA carboxylase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, acetyl-CoA carboxylase 2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase A, acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha, acetyl-CoA carboxylase B, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-2, acetyl-CoA carboxylase-alpha, acetyl-CoA-carboxylase, acetyl-CoA/propionyl-CoA carboxylase, Acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, acetyl-coenzyme-A carboxylase, acetylCoA carboxylase, acyl coenzyme A carboxylase, acyl-CoA carboxylase, BCCP1, BCCP2, CAC1A, CAC1B, Carboxylase, acetyl coenzyme A, Hfa1p, More, PccB
ECTree
6.4.1.2 acetyl-CoA carboxylaseAdvanced search results
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results (Natural Substrates Products
Natural Substrates Products on EC 6.4.1.2 - acetyl-CoA carboxylase
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE 
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3- + H+
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
malonyl-CoA is a key metabolite in the fatty acid synthetic and oxidation pathways
-
ir
ATP + propionyl-CoA + HCO3- + H+
ADP + succinyl-CoA + phosphate
-
participation in an anaplerotic pathway causes preference for propionyl-CoA as substrate
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
synthesis of malonyl-CoA, which is used as the substrate in the biosynthesis of a variety of polyketide derivatives, including fatty acids, flavonoids, and stilbenoids. In addition malonyl-CoA is used as the substrate for the malonation of a variety of plant phytochemicals
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
first committed step in biosynthesis of fatty acids, providing the essential substrate for fatty acid synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of fatty acids
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
synthesis of malonyl-CoA is required for long-chain fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
key enzyme of de nove fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
synthesis of malonyl-CoA which is required for plastid localized fatty acid biosynthesis and for a variety of pathways in the cytoplasm including flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
synthesis of malonyl-CoA is required for long-chain fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
?
-
synthesis of malonyl-CoA is required for long-chain fatty acid and flavonoid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological roles of the isozymes, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by stromal pH, photosynthetic redox cascade, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis via fatty acid synthase type II, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological roles of the isozymes, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by stromal pH, photosynthetic redox cascade, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
regulation of isozyme expression and activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
regulation of isozyme expression and activity
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
regulation of isozyme expression and activity
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
regulation of isozyme expression and activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis via fatty acid synthase type II, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis, the enzyme expression is negatively autoregulated by subunit AccB
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis via fatty acid synthase type II, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
hormonal, nutrient, and tissue-specific regulation of ACC genes, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
first committed step in fatty acid biosynthesis, hormonal, nutrient, and tissue-specific regulation of ACC genes, regulation of isozyme activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
the enzyme influences the fatty acid oxidation, body weight, and body fat levels, isozyme Acc1 catalyzes the committed and rate-determining step in the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids, while isozyme Acc2 produces a potent inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, biological functions, regulation of enzyme activity
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
biological function, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
Q5SWU9, Q6JIZ0
first committed step in fatty acid biosynthesis, hormonal, nutrient, and tissue-specific regulation of ACC genes, regulation of isozyme activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
isozyme Acc1 catalyzes the committed and rate-determining step in the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids, while isozyme Acc2 produces a potent inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, biological functions
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological roles of the isozymes, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by stromal pH, photosynthetic redox cascade, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
biological function, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological role, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by stromal pH, photosynthetic redox cascade, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step in fatty acid biosynthesis, hormonal, nutrient, and tissue-specific regulation of ACC genes, regulation of isozyme activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological roles of the isozymes, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by pH, redox, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
first committed step in fatty acid biosynthesis, hormonal, nutrient, and tissue-specific regulation of ACC genes, regulation of isozyme activity, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
isozyme Acc1 catalyzes the committed and rate-determining step in the biosynthesis of long-chain fatty acids, while isozyme Acc2 produces a potent inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation, biological functions
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
enzymes Hfa1p and Acc1p are involved in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fatty acid synthesis, respectively, Hfa1p is responsible for production of malonyl-CoA for intraorganellar fatty acid and lipoic acid synthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
the enzyme is essential for viability
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
enzymes Hfa1p and Acc1p are involved in mitochondrial and cytoplasmic fatty acid synthesis, respectively, Hfa1p is responsible for production of malonyl-CoA for intraorganellar fatty acid and lipoic acid synthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
the enzyme activity is limiting for lipid synthesis in tubers, biosynthetic pathway and regulatory aspects, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first step in fatty acid biosynthesis via fatty acid synthase type II, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
the enzyme activity is involved in biosynthesis of fatty acids as well as polyketids, which are precursors of pharmaceutically important antibiotics, anticancer agents and other drugs
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
-
first committed step of fatty acid synthesis, physiological role, regulation by RNA editing, post-transcriptional, and by stromal pH, photosynthetic redox cascade, and Mg2+ concentration, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + malonyl-CoA + phosphate
the enzyme catalyzes the first step in fatty acid bioynthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Acidianus infernus So4a / DSM 3191
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
ACC catalyzes the first committed step in the synthesis of long-chain fatty acids
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
r
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
malonyl-CoA is a key metabolite in the fatty acid synthetic and oxidation pathways
-
ir
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Metallosphaera sedula TH2 / ATCC 51363 / DSM 5348
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Metallosphaera sedula TH2 / ATCC 51363 / DSM 5348
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
ACC plays an important role in energy balance by controlling malonyl-CoA synthesis
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis, involved in regulation of fatty acid uptake into mitochondria
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis, key regulator of muscle fatty acid oxidation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
first enzyme in fatty acid biosynthesis, regulated by AMP-activated protein kinase, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
intracellular citrate controls ACC activity and malonyl-CoA levels, and diminishes food intake, physiological regulation system involving citrate, overview
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis, involved in regulation of fatty acid uptake into mitochondria
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
Sulfuracidifex metallicus Kra23 / DSM 6482
-
no fatty acid synthesis, involved in 3-hydroxypropionate cycle for autotrophic CO2 fixation
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
-
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
ATP + acetyl-CoA + HCO3-
ADP + phosphate + malonyl-CoA
key enzyme of fatty acid biosynthesis
-
?
additional information
?
-
ACCase 1 is essential for correct plant development
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
acetyl-CoA carboxylase is a multifunctional biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the first committed and regulated step in fatty acid biosynthesis in bacteria via a two-step reaction. Biotin carboxylase, EC 6.3.4.14, catalyzes the first half-reaction, which is an ATP-dependent carboxylation of biotin to form carboxybiotin. The second half-reaction is catalyzed by carboxyltransferase, EC 6.4.1.2, which transfers the carboxyl group from carboxybiotin to acetyl-CoA to generate malonyl-CoA
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is critical in gluconeogenesis and lipid synthesis, nondiabetic and type 2 diabetic individuals show similar enzyme activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
regulation of ACC is necessary for maintaining the energy balance
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme interacts with the BRCA1 protein, that is involved in multiple cellular functions, BRCA1 reduces acetyl-CoA-carboxylase alpha, ACCA, activity through its phospho-dependent binding to ACCA, the phosphorylation of the Ser1263 of ACCA is required for this interaction, the interaction between BRCA1 and ACCA is regulated during cell cycle progression, increased interaction occurs when the cells progress to G2/M, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isozymes ACC1 and ACC2 play roles in lipid metabolism in adipose tissue, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
perinatal copper deficiency in rat pups inhibits the enzyme, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is bifunctional exhibiting both acetyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, EC 6.4.1.3, activities
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is bifunctional exhibiting both acetyl-CoA carboxylase and propionyl-CoA carboxylase, EC 6.4.1.3, activities
-
-
?
