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Information on EC 4.1.2.38 - benzoin aldolase
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4.1.2.38 benzoin aldolaseIUBMB Comments
A thiamine-diphosphate protein.
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Word Map
- 4.1.2.38
- thiamin
- bal
-
carboligation
- fluorescens
- benzoylformate
-
thdp-dependent
-
r-benzoin
-
stereoselective
-
enantioselective
-
diphosphate-dependent
-
biovar
- acyloins
-
biocatalysis
-
model-based
-
carbon-carbon
- synthesis
-
carboligase
-
1',4'-iminopyrimidine
- propanal
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
benzaldehyde lyase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
BAL
benzaldehyde lyase
benzoin aldolase
BZL
-
-
-
-
lyase, benzaldehyde
-
-
-
-
BAL
-
-
benzaldehyde lyase
-
-
-
-
benzaldehyde lyase
-
-
benzaldehyde lyase
-
the wild type enzyme does not show any decarboxylase activity towards 2-keto acids
benzoin aldolase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone = 2 benzaldehyde
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
condensation
reversal of an aldol condensation
reversal of an aldol condensation
-
-
-
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone benzaldehyde-lyase (benzaldehyde-forming)
A thiamine-diphosphate protein.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
122097-01-2
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(E)-2-oxo-4(pyridin-3-yl)-3-but-3-enoic acid
(E)-3-(pyridine-3-yl)acrylaldehyde
-
-
-
?
2 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
2 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
2 benzaldehyde
2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone
95% conversion
-
-
?
2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]bis(3-chlorobenzaldehyde)
(15R)-4,10-dichloro-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
50% conversion
-
-
?
2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]bis(3-methoxybenzaldehyde)
(15R)-15-hydroxy-4,10-dimethoxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
72% conversion
-
-
?
2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]bis(5-methoxybenzaldehyde)
(15R)-15-hydroxy-2,12-dimethoxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
89% conversion
-
-
?
2,2'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde
(15S)-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
-
-
-
?
2-furaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-1-(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxypropan-1-one
2-furaldehyde + 2-furaldehyde
(R)-2,2'-furoin
-
-
i.e. (R)-1,2-di(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyketone
-
?
2-[3-(2-formylphenoxy)propoxy]pyridine-3-carbaldehyde
(14R)-14-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-[1,5]benzodioxacycloundecino[6,7-b]pyridin-15(14H)-one + (15R)-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-[1,5]benzodioxacycloundecino[6,7-b]pyridin-14(15H)-one
-
99% conversion
-
-
?
3,3'-[butane-1,4-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde
3-(4-[3-[[3-[4-(4-formylphenoxy)butoxy]phenyl](hydroxy)acetyl]phenoxy]butoxy)benzaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,3'-[propane-1,3-diylbis(oxy)]dibenzaldehyde
3-(3-[3-[[3-[3-(4-formylphenoxy)propoxy]phenyl](hydroxy)acetyl]phenoxy]propoxy)benzaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
(R)-3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-benzoin
-
-
-
-
?
3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde + 3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
(R)-3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-benzoin
-
-
-
-
?
3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde + 3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde
3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxybenzoin
-
-
-
-
r
3-chlorobenzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxy-1-propanone
-
-
-
-
r
3-ethoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di(3-ethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanone
-
-
-
-
?
3-methoxybenzaldehyde + 2-chlorobenzaldehyde
(R)-3-methoxy-2'-chlorobenzoin
-
-
-
-
r
3-methylbenzaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(3-tolyl)-ethanone
-
-
-
-
?
4-ethoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di(4-ethoxyphenyl)-2-hydroxyethanone
-
-
-
-
?
4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrobenzaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
5-bromo-2-[3-(2-formylphenoxy)propoxy]benzaldehyde
(15R)-12-bromo-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one + (15R)-2-bromo-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
35% conversion
-
-
?
5-chloro-2-[3-(2-formylphenoxy)propoxy]benzaldehyde
(15R)-12-chloro-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one + (15R)-2-chloro-15-hydroxy-7,8-dihydro-6H-dibenzo[f,j][1,5]dioxacycloundecin-14(15H)-one
-
72% conversion
-
-
?
acetaldehyde + 3-chlorobenzaldehyde
(R)-1-(3-chloro-phenyl)-2-hydroxy-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
r
benzaldehyde + (R)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolan-4-carbaldehyde
acyloin + benzoin
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one
benzaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
3,3-dimethoxy-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanone
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + 2-methylbutanal
(2R,3S)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpentan-1-one + 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpentan-2-one
-
63% (2R,3S)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpentan-1-one, 85% syn product, plus 37% 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylpentan-2-one, 40% syn product
-
?
benzaldehyde + 2-methylpentanal
(2R,3S)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylhexan-1-one + 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylhexan-2-one
-
50% (2R,3S)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylhexan-1-one, more than 99% syn poduct, plus 50% 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylhexan-2-one
-
?
benzaldehyde + 2-methylpropanal
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylbutan-1-one + 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylbutan-2-one
-
50% (2R)-2-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylbutan-1-one, more than 99% enantiomeric excess, plus 50% 1-hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenylbutan-2-one, 93% enantiomeric excess
-
?
benzaldehyde + benzaldehyde
(R)-benzoin
-
immobilized BAL mediated reaction, conversion is low
i.e. 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one
-
?
benzaldehyde + dimethoxy acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-phenylpropane-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + methoxy acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-phenylpropane-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
benzofuran-2-carbaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di(benzo-furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxyethanone
-
-
-
-
?
cyclohexylaldehyde + acetaldehyde
1-cyclohexyl 2-hydroxypropanone
-
-
-
-
?
dimethoxy acetaldehyde + benzaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-phenyl-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
furan-2-aldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
3,3-dimethoxy-2-hydroxy-1-furan-2-yl-propanone
-
-
-
-
?
furan-3-carbaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di(3-furanyl)-2-hydroxyethanone
-
-
-
-
?
furan-3-carbaldehyde + furan-3-carbaldehyde
(R)-1,2-di(3-furanyl)-2-hydroxyethanone
-
-
-
-
?
methoxy acetaldehyde + 4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-1-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
r
naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)propan-1-one
p-anisaldehyde + dimethoxy acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)propan-1-one
-
immobilized BAL mediated reaction
-
-
?
pyridine-3-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(pyridin-3-yl)propan-1-one
thiophene-3-carbaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(3-thienyl)ethanone
-
-
-
-
?
2 1H-indazole-6-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-indazol-6-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 1H-indazole-6-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-indazol-6-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 1H-indazole-6-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-indazol-6-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(1H-pyrrol-2-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 3-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-formylbenzonitrile
4,4'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxoethane-1,2-diyl]dibenzonitrile
-
-
-
?
2 4-formylbenzonitrile
4,4'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxoethane-1,2-diyl]dibenzonitrile
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-formylbenzonitrile
4,4'-[(1R)-1-hydroxy-2-oxoethane-1,2-diyl]dibenzonitrile
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 4-nitrobenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 4-nitrobenzaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-bis(4-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(naphthalen-2-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(naphthalen-2-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 phenanthrene-9-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(phenanthren-9-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 phenanthrene-9-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(phenanthren-9-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2 pyridine-3-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(pyridin-3-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2 pyridine-3-carbaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-1,2-di(pyridin-3-yl)ethan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2-furaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-1-(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxypropan-1-one
-
-
-
?
2-furaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-1-(furan-2-yl)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxypropan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone
2 benzaldehyde
i.e. (R)-benzoin
-
-
r
benzaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-phenylpropan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenyl-propanone
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropanone
-
-
-
-
?
benzaldehyde + acetaldehyde
(R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropanone
-
-
-
-
r
benzoin
benzaldehyde + benzaldehyde
-
-
-
-
?
benzoin
benzaldehyde + benzaldehyde
-
the reaction is observed only in the liquid phase
-
-
r
naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)propan-1-one
-
-
-
?
naphthalene-2-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(naphthalen-2-yl)propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
pyridine-3-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(pyridin-3-yl)propan-1-one
-
-
-
?
pyridine-3-carbaldehyde + 2,2-dimethoxyacetaldehyde
(2R)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethoxy-1-(pyridin-3-yl)propan-1-one
-
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
isobutyraldehyde, pivalaldehyde, and tert-butylacetaldehyde are no substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
shows no reaction with benzoylphosphonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme catalyzes the diastereoselective carboligation of aldehydes when benzaldehyde acts as the donor, and (+/-)-2-methyl-alkyl-aldehydes are used as acceptor substrates. When benzaldehyde is taken as an acceptor aldehyde, the diastereoselectivities obtained are poor in all cases tested
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
(R)-benzoin and acetaldehyde are converted in an immobilized BAL mediated reaction to 2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethan-1-one and (R)-2-hydroxy-1-phenylpropanone
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-hydroxy-1,2-diphenylethanone
2 benzaldehyde
i.e. (R)-benzoin
-
-
r
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
thiamine diphosphate
-
-
thiamine diphosphate
-
dependent
thiamine diphosphate
-
absolute requirement, 0.01 mM optimal, more than 0.5 mM: inhibition
thiamine diphosphate
-
dependent, four molecules are located within the protein
thiamine diphosphate
-
dependent, only in the presence of both cofactors, 0.015 mM Mg2+ and thiamine diphosphate, a significant enzymatic stabilisation is achieved
thiamine diphosphate
-
dependent, the optimal concentration is 0.1-5 mM, a significant loss of activity is observed with a concentration below 0.01 mM
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Ca2+
-
1 mM, absolute requirement of a divalent cation, may be substituted by Mn2+ or Mg2+
Mg2+
Mn2+
-
1 mM, absolute requirement for a divalent cation, may be substituted by Mg2+ or Ca2+
additional information
-
Co2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Fe2+, Al2+ at 1 mM are ineffective. KCl, NaCl, NH4Cl at 1-160 mM: no influence
Mg2+
-
1 mM, absolute requirement for a divalent cation, may be substituted by Mn2+ or Ca2+
Mg2+
-
dependent, only in the presence of both cofactors, 0.015 mM Mg2+ and thiamine diphosphate, a significant enzymatic stabilisation is achieved
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
2-Acetoxy-1,2-bis(4'-methoxyphenyl)-ethanone
-
0.2 mM: 50% inhibition
thiamine diphosphate
-
more than 0.5 mM: inhibition, requirement for 0.01 mM
additional information
-
benzoylformic acid at 0.9 mM, pyruvic acid at 10 mM, acetoin at 10 mM, N-ethylmaleimide at 20 mM, dithiothreitol at 5 mM are no inhibitors
-
additional information
-
BAL encapsulated in the standard polyelectrolyte multilayer-system retains only about 2% of its native specific activity. An activity decrease of 50% is observed as a result of the deposition of every additional polyelectrolyte layer on the enzyme or when free BAL is dissolved in an aqueous system. Adsorption of two poly(allylamine) hydrochloride/poly(styrene sulfonate) sodium salt double layers on whole cells containing BAL reduces their catalytic activity to 0.01% of the initial value
-
additional information
-
immobilization of BAL to surface-modified magnetic particles with affinity ligand binding
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
benzaldehyde
-
no activity with 200 mg m/L benzaldehyde. Reaction conducted with 50 mg benzaldehyde results in a 90% conversion after 45 min
dimethyl sulfoxide
-
highest activity between 20% and 30% dimethyl sulfoxide (v/v) with a peak at 25%. Records of pH-activity profiles at different dimethyl sulfoxide concentrations and constant ionic strength (100 mM) reveals a strong influence of the cosolvent on the activity of BAL, and indicates a cross effect on the optimal pH with a shift of profiles to the alkaline milieu. Correlation between the dependency on pH and dimethyl sulfoxide concentration is due to interaction of dimethyl sulfoxide with the amino acid side chain Glu50 in the catalytic site of the biocatalyst
galactose
-
isopropyl-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside addition is not required to induce recombinant protein production as galactose, one of the monomers of trisaccharide raffinose present in the beet molasses (1.2%), induces the lac promoter
thiamine diphosphate
-
the cofactor is fixed at the two ends in separate domains, suspending a comparatively mobile thiazolium ring between them
additional information
-
synthetic BAL activity in KH2PO4 buffer (pH 8.5, 30% v/v dimethyl sulfoxide) reveals that the ionic strength of the buffer system has a very strong reciprocal effect on the activity of BAL, i.e. in a range between 25 mM and 500 mM, highest initial rates are observed at lowest ionic strength, and activity decreases with increasing ionic strength
-
additional information
-
at fed-batch operation FBO1 (when air-flow rate decreases considerably), feed is given to the system in pulses in such a way that pretreated-beet molasses concentration increases by 10 kg/m3 (containing 2.5 g/L glucose and 2.5 g/L fructose), FBO2 (when fructose and glucose are completely utilized, pretreated-beet molasses is pulse-fed and its concentration increases by 10 g/L), and FBO3 conditions, almost the same BAL volumetric activities are obtained. Fed-batch operation FBO3 is the best feeding strategy because in FBO3 with the decreased amount of pretreated-beet molasses (6 g/L), shift response time from glucose to fructose consumption is avoided, and glucose and fructose consumptions are well correlated with air-flow rate, and the highest cell concentration (8.04 g/L) and BAL (2,315 U/mL) production are obtained (t=24 h) with the highest substrate yield on cell and product formation
-
additional information
-
highest cell concentration (3.0 kg/m3) and volumetric BAL activity (1095 U/cm3) is obtained at constant dissolved oxygen concentrations of 0.08 mol/m3. Oxygen consumption and glucose consumption for maintenance are changed proportionally and inverse proportionally with the BAL production, respectively. Highest activity is obtained by Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLySs carrying pRSETA::bal as 910 U/cm3. Activity values obtained for Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) pLySs harboring modified pUC18::bal, Escherichia coli K12 having modified pUC18::bal and Escherichia coli JM 109 containing pRSETA::bal, and Escherichia coli JM 109 carrying modified pUC18::bal are 760, 745, 375, and 375 U/cm3, respectively
-
additional information
-
highest cell concentration and BAL activity are obtained as CX = 5.3 g/L and A = 1617 U/cm3, respectively, in the medium containing 30 g/L pretreated beet molasses consisting of 7.5 g/L glucose and 7.5 g/L fructose
-
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.06
(R)-3,3'-dimethoxybenzoin
-
in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8), containing 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate and 0.5 mM MgCl2
2.1
3-Methoxybenzaldehyde
-
in 50 mM potassium phosphate buffer (pH 8), containing 0.5 mM thiamine diphosphate and 0.5 mM MgCl2
6
acetaldehyde
-
in TEA buffer (35 mM, pH 8) containing 0.35 mM thiamine diphosphate, 0.35 mM MgSO4, and 30% (v/v) DMSO, at 20°C
0.975
(R)-3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-benzoin
-
Michaelis constant for product, mechanistic model
1.205
(R)-3,3',5,5'-tetramethoxy-benzoin
-
Michaelis constant for product, mechanistic model
0.005
3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
-
Michaelis constant for second binding substrate, mechanistic model
0.007
3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
-
Michaelis constant for second binding substrate, mechanistic model
0.01
3,5-dimethoxy-benzaldehyde
-
Michaelis constant for first binding substrate, simplified model