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Information on EC 1.1.1.203 - uronate dehydrogenase
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EC Tree
1.1.1.203 uronate dehydrogenaseIUBMB Comments
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Agrobacterium fabrum, participates in oxidative degradation pathways for galacturonate and glucuronate. The enzyme can only accept the beta anomeric form of the substrate . The 1,5-lactone product is rather stable at cytosolic pH and does not hydrolyse spontaneously at a substantial rate.
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Word Map
- 1.1.1.203
-
d-galacturonic
-
agrobacterium
- tumefaciens
- syringae
- myo-inositol
-
glucaric
-
value-added
-
galactaric
- pectin
- oxygenase
-
d-glucuronic
-
l-ascorbic
- asa
- myo-inositol-1-phosphate
-
aldaric
- strawberry
- degradation
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
uronate dehydrogenase, galur, uronic acid dehydrogenase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
Atu3143
D-galacturonate (uronate) dehydrogenase
EC 1.2.1.35
-
-
formerly
-
PfUDH
poly-d-galacturonase
PSPTO_1053
PsUDH
Udh
uronate dehydrogenase
uronate:NAD-oxidoreductase
-
-
-
-
uronic acid dehydrogenase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+ = D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
(1)
-
-
-
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+ = D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
(2)
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
oxidation
-
-
-
-
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
uronate:NAD+ 1-oxidoreductase
Requires Mg2+. The enzyme, characterized from the bacterium Agrobacterium fabrum, participates in oxidative degradation pathways for galacturonate and glucuronate. The enzyme can only accept the beta anomeric form of the substrate [4]. The 1,5-lactone product is rather stable at cytosolic pH and does not hydrolyse spontaneously at a substantial rate.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37250-98-9
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaric acid 3,6-lactone + NADH + H+
-
weak reversible reaction, 3% of the activity compared to the forward reaction
-
r
D-glucurono-3,6-lactone + NADPH + H+
L-gulono-1,4-lactone + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ATCC BAA-871 / DC3000
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ATCC BAA-871 / DC3000
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
50% of the activity compared to D-glucoronate
-
ir
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
Trichoderma reesei VTT D-161646
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
strong substrate specificity, best substrate
-
ir
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
inclusion of a third enzyme, Udh, apart from myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Ino1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) from mice, facilitates conversion of D-glucuronate to D-glucaric acid. Up to 1 g/l of glucaric acid is produced with the three enzymes, whereas only 0.27 g/l of glucuronic acid is produced in the system harboring the two genes of INO1 and MIOX. Udh activity is highest, more than 2fold higher than Ino1 activity and 3fold higher than MIOX activity. The high activity of Udh may pull glucose flux through the glucaric acid pathway, leading to a relatively higher titer of glucaric acid
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
inclusion of a third enzyme, Udh, apart from myo-inositol-1-phosphate synthase (Ino1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX) from mice, facilitates conversion of D-glucuronate to D-glucaric acid. Up to 1 g/l of glucaric acid is produced with the three enzymes, whereas only 0.27 g/l of glucuronic acid is produced in the system harboring the two genes of INO1 and MIOX. Udh activity is highest, more than 2fold higher than Ino1 activity and 3fold higher than MIOX activity. The high activity of Udh may pull glucose flux through the glucaric acid pathway, leading to a relatively higher titer of glucaric acid
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
assay at pH 8.0
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
assay at pH 8.0
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid from a beechwood xylan + NAD+
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
after 60 min of incubation at 50°C, the enzyme exhibits a conversion ratio for glucuronic acid to the glucaric acid of 84% on chemical reagent and 81.3% on hydrolysates from beechwood xylans formed by xylanase and alpha-glucuronidase
-
-
?
D-glucuronic acid from a beechwood xylan + NAD+
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
after 60 min of incubation at 50°C, the enzyme exhibits a conversion ratio for glucuronic acid to the glucaric acid of 84% on chemical reagent and 81.3% on hydrolysates from beechwood xylans formed by xylanase and alpha-glucuronidase
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate and cofactor specificity of Udhs, overview
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaric acid 3,6-lactone + NADH + H+
-
weak reversible reaction, 3% of the activity compared to the forward reaction
-
r
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ATCC BAA-871 / DC3000
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-galacturonate + NAD+
D-galactaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato ATCC BAA-871 / DC3000
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
beta-D-glucuronate + NAD+
D-glucaro-1,5-lactone + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactarate + NADH + H+
-
50% of the activity compared to D-glucoronate
-
ir
D-galacturonate + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
Trichoderma reesei VTT D-161646
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-galacturonic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-galactaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58 / ATCC 33970
-
-
-
?
D-glucuronate + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+
-
strong substrate specificity, best substrate
-
ir
D-glucuronic acid + NAD+ + H2O
D-glucaric acid + NADH + H+