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Information on EC 3.4.22.B79 - nsP2 protease and Organism(s) Chikungunya virus and UniProt Accession Q8JUX6

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC3.4.22.B79
preliminary BRENDA-supplied EC number
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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.4 Acting on peptide bonds (peptidases)
             3.4.22 Cysteine endopeptidases
                3.4.22.B79 nsP2 protease
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Chikungunya virus
UNIPROT: Q8JUX6
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Word Map
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Chikungunya virus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
the enzymes processes the alphavirus nonstructural polyprotein (nsP1234). The enzyme from Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus shwos a preferens for Gly or Als in position P1', Ala or Cys in P1, and Gly in P2
Synonyms
nonstructural protein 2, nonstructural polyprotein, nsp2 protease, nsp2 protein, nsp2pro, ns polyprotein, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
nsP2 protease
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-azo)benzoyl-DRAGGYIFSE-Edans + H2O
4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-azo)benzoyl-DRAGG + YIFSE-Edans
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp) + H2O
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGA + GIIETk(Dnp)
show the reaction diagram
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp) + H2O
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGC + GIIETk(Dnp)
show the reaction diagram
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp) + H2O
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGG + GIIETk(Dnp)
show the reaction diagram
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-azo]benzoyl-DELRLDRAGGYIFSS-Edans + H2O
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-azo]benzoyl-DELRLDRAGG + YIFSS-Edans
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-azo]benzoyl-LDRAGGYI-Edans + H2O
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-azo]benzoyl-LDRAGG + YI-Edans
show the reaction diagram
peptide representing the 1/2 site of the polyprotein. Substrate is processed by nsP2, but the reaction velocity cannot be saturated
-
-
?
DABCYL-Arg-Ala-Gly-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Ser-(Glu-EDANS) + H2O
DABCYL-Arg-Ala-Gly-Gly + Tyr-Ile-Phe-Ser-(Glu-EDANS)
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Co2+
-
up to 2fold stimulation
Mg2+
-
stimulation with substrates 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp) and 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp), inhibition with substrate 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp)
Na+
optimal concentration 50-100 mM
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
(5E)-6-(4-methoxyphenyl)-4-oxo-N-(2-phenylethyl)hex-5-enamide
topographical peptidomimetic, binds covalently leading to permanent enzyme inactivation via Michael adduct formation between the alpha/beta-unsaturated ketone functionality and the active site. 100% inhibition at 0.059 mg/ml, EC50 for cell-based assay 0.0089 mg/ml
(5E)-N-benzyl-4-oxo-6-phenylhex-5-enamide
topographical peptidomimetic, binds covalently leading to permanent enzyme inactivation via Michael adduct formation between the alpha/beta-unsaturated ketone functionality and the active site. 100% inhibition at 0.068 mg/ml, EC50 for cell-based assay 0.0088 mg/ml
Mg2+
-
stimulation with substrates 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp) and 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp), inhibition with substrate 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp)
PMSF
-
PMSF does not affect activity when using 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp) as a substrate. With 2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp), PMSF shows no effect on truncated protease and 30% inhibition of full-length NSP2
Zinc acetate
almost complete inhibition at 2 mM, also significantly reduces the virus load in Vero cells
Zn2+
-
strong inhibition with all substrates tested
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.01 - 0.029
4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-azo)benzoyl-DRAGGYIFSE-Edans
0.00023 - 0.0364
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp)
0.00041 - 0.0099
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp)
0.00016 - 0.009
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp)
0.0025
4-[[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]-azo]benzoyl-DELRLDRAGGYIFSS-Edans
30°C, pH not specified in the publication
0.00098
DABCYL-Arg-Ala-Gly-Gly-Tyr-Ile-Phe-Ser-(Glu-EDANS)
pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00052 - 0.0046
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp)
0.0013 - 0.0075
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp)
0.00068 - 0.0019
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp)
kcat/KM VALUE [1/mMs-1]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.14 - 0.41
4-(4-dimethylaminophenyl-azo)benzoyl-DRAGGYIFSE-Edans
0.072 - 0.29
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGAGIIETk(Dnp)
0.116 - 0.65
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGCGIIETk(Dnp)
0.067 - 0.308
2-(N-methylamino)benzoyl-AGGGIIETk(Dnp)
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
nsP2 inhibits cellular transcription by inducing rapid degradation of Rpb1, a catalytic subunit of the RNAPII complex. This degradation of Rpb1 is independent of the nsP2-associated protease activity, but, instead, it proceeds through nsP2-mediated Rpb1 ubiquitination. This function of nsP2 depends on the integrity of the helicase and S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent methyltransferase-like domains, and point mutations in either of these domains abolish Rpb1 degradation
physiological function
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 37000, SDS-PAGE
?
x * 71000, nsP2 protease GST-fusion protein with a dual (His6-GST) affinity tag
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
side-chain modification
-
in virus-infected cells, nsP2 can be glutathionylated at residues C175, C214, C313, C462, C698, C755. The glutathionylation of nsP2 impacts on the protease activity
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
homology model of nsP2 protein based on the crystal structure of the nsP2 protein of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and proposal of the the pharmacophore features that must be present in an inhibitor of nsP2 protease
molecular dynamics simulation and virtual screening of inhibitors based on PDB entry 3TRK leads to identification of top hit compounds, together with the five potential binding pockets of the nsP2 protease. Pocket 4 in the N-terminal domain of the nsP2 protease has been identified as the active site by the presence of catalytic residues, Cys1013 and His1083
molecular dynamics simulations and comparison with papain. The active site scaffold is the same in both the proteases. The two structurally identical segments in both the proteases show considerable difference in terms of their mobility
to 2.59 A resolution. Protein consists of an N-terminal protease subdomain and a C-terminal methyltransferase subdomain. The substrate binding cleft is present at the interface of two subdomains. Access to the active site and substrate binding cleft is blocked by a flexible interdomain loop. This loop contains His548, the catalytic residue, and Trp549 and Asn547, the residues predicted to bind substrate
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
C478A
mutation in active site, loss of activity
N547A
mutation leads to three-fold increase in Km value
C478A
S482A
W479A
mutation completely abolishes RNA replication trans-replication systems and abolishes the rescue of infectious virus from CHIKV RNA transcripts
W549A
-
mutation involved in structural stability of the loop that contains the catalytic histidine residue
W549F
-
mutation involved in structural stability of the loop that contains the catalytic histidine residue
additional information
-
preparation of both full length and a truncated protease domain from the C-terminus of the nsP2 protein. The protease domain alone has different properties compared with the full length nsP2 protease
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
42
-
10 min, 50.4% residual activity for wild-type, 53% for mutant C478A, 50.4% for mutant S482A, 52.9% for mutant W549A, 54% for mutant W549F
ORGANIC SOLVENT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Glycerol
10-20% v/v, slight increase in activity
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression in Escherichia coli
expression in Escherichia coli. Proteins are expressed as inclusion bodies under culturing at 37°C, and only partially expressed in a soluble form at 22°C
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
analysis
nsP2 protease-based cell free high throughput screening assay
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Nguyen, P.; Yu, H.; Keller, P.
Identification of chikungunya virus nsP2 protease inhibitors using structure-base approaches
J. Mol. Graph. Model.
57
1-8
2015
Chikungunya virus (Q8JUX6), Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus S27 (Q8JUX6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Singh, K.; Kirubakaran, P.; Nagarajan, S.; Sakkiah, S.; Muthusamy, K.; Velmurgan, D.; Jeyakanthan, J.
Homology modeling, molecular dynamics, e-pharmacophore mapping and docking study of Chikungunya virus nsP2 protease
J. Mol. Model.
18
39-51
2012
Chikungunya virus (Q8JUX6), Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus S27 (Q8JUX6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Akhrymuk, I.; Kulemzin, S.V.; Frolova, E.I.
Evasion of the innate immune response: the Old World alphavirus nsP2 protein induces rapid degradation of Rpb1, a catalytic subunit of RNA polymerase II
J. Virol.
86
7180-7191
2012
Chikungunya virus (Q8JUX6), Chikungunya virus, Semliki forest virus (P08411), Sindbis virus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Saisawang, C.; Kuadkitkan, A.; Smith, D.R.; Ubol, S.; Ketterman, A.J.
Glutathionylation of chikungunya nsP2 protein affects protease activity
Biochim. Biophys. Acta
1861
106-111
2017
Chikungunya virus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
El-labbad, E.M.; Ismail, M.A.; Abou Ei Ella, D.A.; Ahmed, M.; Wang, F.; Barakat, K.H.; Abouzid, K.A.
Discovery of novel peptidomimetics as irreversible CHIKV NsP2 protease inhibitors using quantum mechanical-based ligand descriptors
Chem. Biol. Drug Des.
86
1518-1527
2015
Chikungunya virus (C8YZ72), Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus 899 (C8YZ72)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ramakrishnan, C.; Kutumbarao, N.H.V.; Suhitha, S.; Velmurugan, D.
Structure-function relationship of Chikungunya nsP2 protease A comparative study with papain
Chem. Biol. Drug Des.
89
772-782
2017
Chikungunya virus (Q8JUX6), Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus S27-African prototype (Q8JUX6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Narwal, M.; Singh, H.; Pratap, S.; Malik, A.; Kuhn, R.J.; Kumar, P.; Tomar, S.
Crystal structure of chikungunya virus nsP2 cysteine protease reveals a putative flexible loop blocking its active site
Int. J. Biol. Macromol.
116
451-462
2018
Chikungunya virus (Q8JUX6), Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus S27-African prototype (Q8JUX6)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Ramphan, S.; Khongwichit, S.; Saisawang, C.; Kovanich, D.; Ketterman, A.J.; Ubol, S.; Auewarakul, P.; Roytrakul, S.; Smith, D.R.; Kuadkitkan, A.
Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 L3 is downregulated by the chikungunya virus nsP2 protease
Proteomics Clin. Appl.
12
e1700020
2018
Chikungunya virus (A0A0E3MZW7), Chikungunya virus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Saisawang, C.; Saitornuang, S.; Sillapee, P.; Ubol, S.; Smith, D.; Ketterman, A.
Chikungunya nsP2 protease is not a papain-like cysteine protease and the catalytic dyad cysteine is interchangeable with a proximal serine
Sci. Rep.
5
17125
2015
Chikungunya virus, Chikungunya virus ECSA E1:226V
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Rausalu, K.; Utt, A.; Quirin, T.; Varghese, F.S.; Zusinaite, E.; Das, P.K.; Ahola, T.; Merits, A.
Chikungunya virus infectivity, RNA replication and non-structural polyprotein processing depend on the nsP2 proteases active site cysteine residue
Sci. Rep.
6
37124
2016
Chikungunya virus (Q1W368), Chikungunya virus ECSA (Q1W368)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Saha, A.; Acharya, B.; Priya, R.; Tripathi, N.; Shrivastava, A.; Rao, M.; Kesari, P.; Narwal, M.; Tomar, S.; Bhagyawant, S.; Parida, M.; Dash, P.
Development of nsP2 protease based cell free high throughput screening assay for evaluation of inhibitors against emerging Chikungunya virus
Sci. Rep.
8
10831
2018
Chikungunya virus (C7S7A0), Chikungunya virus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team