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Information on EC 3.2.1.191 - ginsenosidase type III
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3.2.1.191 ginsenosidase type IIIIUBMB Comments
Ginsenosidase type III catalyses the sequential hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond followed by hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides. When acting for example on ginsenoside Rb1 the enzyme first generates ginsenoside XVII, and subsequently ginsenoside LXXV.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
ginsenosidase type iii, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
beta-glucosidase
BglG167b
ginsenosidase type III-ii
ginsenoside-transforming beta-glucosidase
additional information
additional information
-
cf. EC 3.2.1.195, EC 3.2.1.193, and EC 3.2.1.194
additional information
-
cf. EC 3.2.1.195, EC 3.2.1.193, and EC 3.2.1.194
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with one glucosyl residue at position 3 + H2O = a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 3 + D-glucopyranose
(1b)
-
-
-
a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with two glucosyl residues at position 3 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 3 + 2 D-glucopyranose
a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with two glucosyl residues at position 3 + H2O = a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with one glucosyl residue at position 3 + D-glucopyranose
(1a)
-
-
-
a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with two glucosyl residues at position 3 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 3 + 2 D-glucopyranose
overall reaction
a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with two glucosyl residues at position 3 + 2 H2O = a protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside with no glycosidic modification at position 3 + 2 D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
protopanaxadiol-type ginsenoside 3-beta-D-hydrolase
Ginsenosidase type III catalyses the sequential hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond followed by hydrolysis of the 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond of protopanaxadiol ginsenosides. When acting for example on ginsenoside Rb1 the enzyme first generates ginsenoside XVII, and subsequently ginsenoside LXXV.
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
very low activity
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 + H2O
ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside C-Mx1 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mx + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Y + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside C-O
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb3 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mx + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside C-Mx1
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb3 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mx1 + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rc + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mc + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside C-Mc1
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg3(S) + H2O
ginsenoside Rh2(S) + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh2 + H2O
protopanaxadiol aglycone + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh2(S) + H2O
protopanaxadiol aglycone + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
gypenoside XVII + H2O
ginsenoside F2 + D-glucopyranose
-
cf. EC 3.2.1.193
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
low activity
-
-
?
2-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
2-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
low activity
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
-
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
-
-
-
?
4-nitrophenyl beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
4-nitrophenol + beta-D-glucose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside C-Mc1 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mc + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside C-Mc1 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mc + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside C-O + H2O
ginsenoside C-Y + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside F2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside F2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside G75 + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside G17
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside G75 + 2 D-glucose
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
via ginsenoside G17
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-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside G75 + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside G17
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-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rd + D-glucopyranose
-
cf. EC 3.2.1.192
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-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside Rd + D-glucopyranose
-
cf. EC 3.2.1.192 or EC 3.2.1.195
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
gypenoside XVII + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
gypenoside XVII + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-O + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-O + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rc + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mc1 + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenosside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
via ginsenoside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
via ginsenosside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenosside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside F2 + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-(1->2)-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg3 + H2O
protopanaxadiol aglycone + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside Rh2, hydrolysis of the inner glucose at C-3
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rg3 + H2O
protopanaxadiol aglycone + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside Rh2
-
-
?
gypenoside LXXV + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + D-glucopyranose
-
GypLXXV, low activity
-
-
?
gypenoside XVII + H2O
gypenoside LXXV + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl
-
-
?
gypenoside XVII + H2O
gypenoside LXXV + D-glucopyranose
hydrolysis of 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl bond
-
-
?
gypenoside XVII + H2O
gypenoside LXXV + D-glucose
-
GypXVI, enzyme mutants W512A and W512K hydrolyze the inner glucose linked to the C-3 position and the outer glucose linked to the C-20 position of GypXVII to produce GypLXXV and F2. W512R hydrolyzes only the outer glucose linked to the C-20 position of GypXVII to produce F2. Mutants W512E and W512D exhibit no activity for GypXVII
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus sp. displays beta-glucosidase activity, which is responsible for its ability to transform major ginsenoside Rb1 to rare ginsenoside F2 and to ginsenoside Rg3 via ginsenoside Rd. Ginsenoside Rg3 can be selectively hydrolyzed and only Rh2 is obtained with this beta-galactosidase. Before hydrolysis, an Rg3 inclusion complex is prepared with hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) to improve the aqueous solubility. The solubility of Rg3 increases 74.6fold, and the phase solubility curve displays a typical AL-type, which indicates the formation of a 1:1 inclusion complex. Using an enzyme loading of 500 U/g Rg3, the highest Rg3 conversion of 90.6% and Rh2 yield of 88.5% are obtained after 24 h at 60°C. Ginsenoside F2 is not converted into ginsenoside Rh2 and this is not converted into the protopanaxadiol aglycone
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates follows the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
recombinant beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis specifically hydrolyzes the outer and inner glucose linked to the C-3 position in protopanaxadiol (PPD)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.191) and the C-6 position in protopanaxatriol (PPT)-type ginsenosides (EC 3.2.1.194) except for the hydrolysis of gypenoside LXXV (GypLXXV). The enzyme converts gypenoside XVII (GypXVII) to GypLXXV by hydrolyzing the inner glucose linked to the C-3 position
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme can hydrolyze various ginsenosides, i.e. Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg3(S), F2, Re, Rg1, GypXVII, through various cleavage pathways, substrate specificity, overview. BglG167b cannot hydrolyze the attached sugars at C-6, but glucose moieties at C-3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
enzyme can hydrolyze various ginsenosides, i.e. Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rg3(S), F2, Re, Rg1, GypXVII, through various cleavage pathways, substrate specificity, overview. BglG167b cannot hydrolyze the attached sugars at C-6, but glucose moieties at C-3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides. beta-Glucosidase from Sphingopyxis alaskensis hydrolyzes only the outer glucose at C-3 in ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to product G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, without further hydrolysis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
the enzyme is able to hydrolyse 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. Similarly, the enzyme can hydrolyse the glucopyranosyls linked to the 3-O-position of Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, and Rg3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is able to hydrolyse 3-O-glucoside of multi-protopanaxadiol-type ginsenosides. Similarly, the enzyme can hydrolyse the glucopyranosyls linked to the 3-O-position of Rb2, Rc, Rd, Rb3, and Rg3
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III-i catalyzes the hydrolysis of only C-3 outer glucose in PPD-type gindenosides. Ginsenosidase type III-ii catalyzes the hydrolysis of outer and inner, or only inner glucose in PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
during transformation of Rb1 by diabetic rat intestinal microflora, five transformed products, including ginsenoside Rd, F2, CK, gypenoside XVII (G-XVII), and LXXV (G-LXXV), as well as three transformation pathways, are identified
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
when a high dose of Ginseng polysaccharides is fed to diabetic rats for 15 days, the formation of intermediates, including gypenoside XVII and gypenoside LXXV is inhibited, and only one pathway (Rb1-> Rd -> F2 -> CK) is identified, cf. EC 3.2.1.192 or EC 3.2.1.195. Mass spectrometric identification of substrates and products, overview
-
-
?
Please wait a moment until the data is sorted. This message will disappear when the data is sorted.
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 + H2O
ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside C-Mc1 + H2O
ginsenoside C-Mc + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rh2 + H2O
protopanaxadiol aglycone + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside F2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside G75 + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenoside G17
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb1 + H2O
ginsenoside G75 + 2 D-glucose
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
via ginsenoside G17
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rb2 + H2O
ginsenoside C-O + D-glucopyranose
-
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
-
via ginsenosside F2
-
-
?
ginsenoside Rd + H2O
ginsenoside C-K + 2 D-glucose
Esteya vermicola CNU120806
-
via ginsenosside F2
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPD-type ginsenosides as substrates followed the order Rb2 > Rd > Rc > Rg3 > Rb1 > compound O (C-O) > compound Mc1 (C-Mc1) > GypXVII > F2 > Rh2 > gypenside LXXV (GypLXXV) and the products of which are C-O, F2, C-Mc1, Rh2, GypXVII, compound Y (C-Y), compound Mc (C-Mc), GypLXXV, compound K (C-K), APPD, and C-K, respectively. The specific activity of beta-glucosidase from Clavibacter michiganensis for the PPT-type ginsenosides as substrates follows the order Rf > Rh1 > Rg1 and the products of which are Rh1, APPT, and F1, respectively
-
-
?
additional information
?
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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Esteya vermicola CNU120806
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
?
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
?
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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ginsenosidase type III are classified into types III-i and III-ii, which hydrolyze the outer glucose and inner glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides, respectively. Ginsenosidase type III-i converts ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, Rd and Rg3 to G17, C-O, C-Mc1, F2 and Rh2, respectively, by hydrolyzing only the outer glucose linked to C-3 in the PPD-type ginsenosides
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additional information
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during transformation of Rb1 by diabetic rat intestinal microflora, five transformed products, including ginsenoside Rd, F2, CK, gypenoside XVII (G-XVII), and LXXV (G-LXXV), as well as three transformation pathways, are identified
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
the enzyme activity is not affected by Na+, K+, Mg2+, and Mn2+
additional information
the enzyme does not require Mg2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Zn2+, Ca2+, or Cu2+ for activity
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
Ginseng polysaccharides
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GP, when a high dose of GP is fed to diabetic rats for 15 days, the formation of intermediates, including gypenoside XVII and gypenoside LXXV is inhibited, and only one pathway (Rb1-> Rd -> F2 -> CK) is identified
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE