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Information on EC 1.14.99.46 - pyrimidine oxygenase
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Escherichia coli
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EC NUMBER 
COMMENTARY 
1.14.99.46
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
pyrimidine oxygenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
thymine + FMNH2 + O2 = (Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
(2)
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-
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uracil + FMNH2 + O2 = (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
(1)
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-
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
uracil,FMNH2:oxygen oxidoreductase (uracil hydroxylating, ring-opening)
In vitro the product (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid is spontaneously reduced to ureidoacrylate [1,2]. Part of the Rut pyrimidine catabolic pathway.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
gene rutA, encoded in the b1012 operon, containing seven genes, rutA-G
UniProt
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
metabolism
physiological function
RutA has a central role in the Rut pathway, which is composed of seven proteins, all of which are required by Escherichia coli K-12 to grow on uracil as the sole nitrogen source
additional information
the Rut pathway degrades exogenous pyrimidines as the sole nitrogen source at room temperature but not at 37°C, a restriction that is apparently a consequence of an inadequate ability to remove toxic malonic semialdehyde at the higher temperature, RutE/YdfG function. The catabolic pathway is highly expressed even in the absence of exogenous substrate and at 37°C
metabolism
RutA is involved in the pyrimidine catabolic Rut pathway, which converts uracil to 3-hydroxypropionate or 2-methyl-3-hydroxypropionate. The flavoenzyme RutA, along with the flavin reductase RutF, catalyzes the initial uracil ring opening by an unprecedented oxidative hydrolysis reaction to give 3-ureidoacrylate
metabolism
RutA is the first enzyme of the pyrimidine catabolizing Rut pathway, the involved enzymes are encoded by the rut operon, including rutRABCDEFG and ydfG, overview. RutF functions as a flavin reductase that is required to regenerate the flavin mononucleotide, FMN, cofactor
metabolism
RutA has a central role in the Rut pathway, a pyrimidine catabolic pathway, which is composed of seven proteins, all of which are required by Escherichia coli K-12 to grow on uracil as the sole nitrogen source, pathway overview. RutA works in conjunction with the flavin reductase RutF
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
thymine + FMNH2 + O2
(Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
-
-
-
?
uracil + FMNH2 + O2
(Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
-
-
-
?
uracil + FMNH2 + O2
(Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
RutA directly cleaves the uracil ring between N-3 and C-4 to yield ureidoacrylate
product analysis by both NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry, overview
-
?
additional information
?
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the pyrimidine ring is cleaved directly by adding a pair of oxygen atoms and producing ureidoacrylate peracid. This odd metabolite, a strong and highly toxic oxidizing agent, is reduced spontaneously, albeit slowly, to ureidoacrylate
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additional information
?
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(Z)-3-ureidoacrylic peracid decomposes nonenzymatically to form primarily (Z)-3-ureidoacrylic acid and uracil, half life of (Z)-3-ureidoacrylic peracid is 3 hours at pH 10.0 at 25°C and much less at lower pH
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additional information
?
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(Z)-3-ureidoacrylic peracid is not stable and decomposes nonenzymatically to give (Z)-3-ureidoacrylate
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NATURAL SUBSTRATES
NATURAL PRODUCTS
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
thymine + FMNH2 + O2
(Z)-2-methylureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
P75898
-
-
-
?
uracil + FMNH2 + O2
(Z)-3-ureidoacrylate peracid + FMN
P75898
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
P75898
the pyrimidine ring is cleaved directly by adding a pair of oxygen atoms and producing ureidoacrylate peracid. This odd metabolite, a strong and highly toxic oxidizing agent, is reduced spontaneously, albeit slowly, to ureidoacrylate
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-
-
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
RutA-catalyzed reduction or reduction by excess NADH or DTT in the reaction buffer
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
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Crystallization/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
purified recombinant RutA, X-ray diffraction structure determination and analysis at 1.8 A resolution
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Purification/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant His-tagged RutA from ASKA strain JW0997 by nickel affinity chromatography
recombinant His-tagged RutA from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by nickel affinity chromatography to homogeneity
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene rutA, expression of the His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, co-expression with rutF
gene rutA, recombinant overexpression of His-tagged RutA in ASKA strain JW0997
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 1.14.99.46)
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