Information on EC 4.2.3.57 - (-)-beta-caryophyllene synthase

for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC4.2.3.57
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The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms

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EC NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
4.2.3.57
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RECOMMENDED NAME
GeneOntology No.
(-)-beta-caryophyllene synthase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY hide
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate = (-)-beta-caryophyllene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
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PATHWAY
BRENDA Link
KEGG Link
MetaCyc Link
beta-caryophyllene biosynthesis
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oleoresin sesquiterpene volatiles biosynthesis
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Sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid biosynthesis
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Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(2E,6E)-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase [(-)-beta-caryophyllene-forming]
Widely distributed in higher plants, cf. EC 4.2.3.89 (+)-beta-caryophyllene synthase.
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ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
Scots pine
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
flowers of plant lines lacking (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission show greater bacterial growth on their stigmas than wild-type flowers, and their seeds are lighter and misshapen. Plant lines with ectopic (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission from vegetative parts are more resistant than wild-type plants to pathogen infection of leaves, and show reduced cell damage and higher seed production. (E)-beta-caryophyllene seems to act by direct inhibition of bacterial growth
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
(E)-beta-caryophyllene + alpha-humulene + alpha-copaene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
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alpha-humulene and alpha-copaene are minor products besides the main product (E)-beta-caryophyllene
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?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
(E)-beta-caryophyllene + alpha-humulene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
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TPS 1 forms two main products: (E)-beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene with 76.3 and 23.7%, respectively
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?
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
(E)-beta-caryophyllene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
beta-caryophyllene + diphosphate
show the reaction diagram
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enzyme produces beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene in a ratio of 71:29
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?
Geranyl diphosphate
?
show the reaction diagram
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production of several monoterpenes among which myrcene, limonene and camphene can be clearly identified
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?
additional information
?
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no substrate: geranyl diphosphate
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.0289
(2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate
30°C, pH not specified in the publication
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SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
lowest expression level
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
highest expression in stage 2 inflorescences, transcript levels are over 30fold higher than those of leaves
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
highest expression level
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
slight expression
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
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MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
63600
x * 63600, calculated
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SUBUNITS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 63600, calculated
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Cloned/COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DH3) pLysS cells
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 cells
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expression is induced upon wounding or methyljasmonate treatment
Methyl jasmonate treatment results in a significant increase of TPS1 transcript accumulation in all developmental stages of the leaves
transcript level of TPS 1 is significantly higher in oviposition-induced twigs that are attractive to the parasitoid Diprion pini than in non-attractive, artificially damaged twigs. Transcript levels of PsTPS 1 also changes significantly over time with a striking increase 72 h after oviposition
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APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
agriculture
flowers of plant lines lacking (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission show greater bacterial growth on their stigmas than wild-type flowers, and their seeds are lighter and misshapen. Plant lines with ectopic (E)-beta-caryophyllene emission from vegetative parts are more resistant than wild-type plants to pathogen infection of leaves, and show reduced cell damage and higher seed production. (E)-beta-caryophyllene seems to act by direct inhibition of bacterial growth
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LINKS TO OTHER DATABASES (specific for EC-Number 4.2.3.57)
ExplorEnz
ExPASy
KEGG
MetaCyc
SABIO-RK
NCBI: PubMed, Protein, Nucleotide, Structure, Genome, OMIM
IUBMB Enzyme Nomenclature
PROSITE Database of protein families and domains
InterPro (database of protein families, domains and functional sites)