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Information on EC 1.1.1.103 - L-threonine 3-dehydrogenase
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1.1.1.103 L-threonine 3-dehydrogenaseIUBMB Comments
This enzyme acts in concert with EC 2.3.1.29, glycine C-acetyltransferase, in the degradation of threonine to glycine. This threonine-degradation pathway is common to prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the two enzymes involved form a complex . In aqueous solution, the product L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate can spontaneously decarboxylate to form aminoacetone.
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The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukaryota
Synonyms
threonine dehydrogenase, l-threonine dehydrogenase, l-threonine 3-dehydrogenase, l-thrdh, thrdh, orf382, thr dehydrogenase, threonine 3-dehydrogenase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
CLOST_1621
L-ThrDH
L-threonine dehydrogenase
TDH
ThrDH
threonine 3-dehydrogenase
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threonine dehydrogenase
additional information
the enzyme belongs to the medium-chain NAD(H)-dependent alcohol dehydrogenases
L-threonine dehydrogenase
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threonine dehydrogenase
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
it is suggested that the unstable L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate spontaneousely decarboxylates to the stable aminoacetone, there is also some evidence that L-threonine is oxidatively decarboxylated by threonine dehydrogenase to produce aminoacetone
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
ordered bi-bi mechanism, NAD+ binds prior to L-threonine
L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
His94 is an active site residue, substrate binding involved residues Gly66, Gly71, Gly77, and Val80
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
reaction mechanism, random bi bi kinetic mechanism
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
catalytic mechanism, the carboxyl group of Glu152 is important for expressing the catalytic activity, the proton relay system works as a catalytic mechanism of TDH
L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
reaction mechanism involving catalytic residues T112, Y137, and K141, overview
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
ordered bi-bi mechanism, NAD+ binds prior to L-threonine
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
reaction mechanism, random bi bi kinetic mechanism
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L-threonine + NAD+ = L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
L-threonine:NAD+ oxidoreductase
This enzyme acts in concert with EC 2.3.1.29, glycine C-acetyltransferase, in the degradation of threonine to glycine. This threonine-degradation pathway is common to prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and the two enzymes involved form a complex [2]. In aqueous solution, the product L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate can spontaneously decarboxylate to form aminoacetone.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9067-99-6
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
D-threonine + NAD+
(2R)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
lowest activity
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-
?
DL-threonine hydroxamate + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-oxobutoxamate + NADH
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-
-
?
L-threonine + nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
5.1% the rate of NAD+
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-
?
L-threonine + thionicotinamide-NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
5.1% the rate of NAD+
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-
?
(R)-(-)-1-amino-2-propanol + NAD+
?
activity with mutant enzyme G114A. No activity with wild-type enzyme
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-
?
(R)-(-)-1-amino-2-propanol + NAD+
?
activity with mutant enzyme G114A. No activity with wild-type enzyme
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-
?
acetoin + NAD+
butan-2,3-dione + NADH + H+
1% of the activity compared to L-threonine
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-
?
acetoin + NAD+
butan-2,3-dione + NADH + H+
1% of the activity compared to L-threonine
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-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxypentanoate + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxopentanoate + NADH
-
-
-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxypentanoate + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxopentanoate + NADH
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-
-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-oxopentanoate + NADH + H+
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-
-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-oxopentanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-oxovalerate + NADH
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-
-
?
DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-oxovalerate + NADH
-
-
-
?
DL-3-hydroxynorvaline + NAD+
3-oxonorvaline + NADH + H+
20% of the activity compared to L-threonine
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?
DL-3-hydroxynorvaline + NAD+
3-oxonorvaline + NADH + H+
20% of the activity compared to L-threonine
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?
DL-threo-3-hydroxynorvaline + NAD+
? + NADH
31% the rate of L-threonine
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?
DL-threo-3-hydroxynorvaline + NAD+
? + NADH
31% the rate of L-threonine
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?
DL-threo-3-phenylserine + NAD+
? + NADH
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53% of the activity with L-threonine
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?
DL-threo-3-phenylserine + NAD+
? + NADH
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53% of the activity with L-threonine
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?
DL-threo-beta-phenylserine + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-phenyl-3-oxopropionate + NADH
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-
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?
DL-threo-beta-phenylserine + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-phenyl-3-oxopropionate + NADH
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-
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?
DL-threo-beta-phenylserine + NAD+
DL-2-amino-3-phenyl-3-oxopropionate + NADH
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-
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?
L-serine + NAD+
? + NADH
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21% of the activity with L-threonine
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-
?
L-serine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxopropionate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
L-serine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxopropionate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + 3-acetyl-pyridine adenine dinucleotide
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
60.6% the rate of NAD+
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?
L-threonine + 3-acetyl-pyridine adenine dinucleotide
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
60.6% the rate of NAD+
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?
L-threonine + 3-pyridinealdehyde adenine dinucleotide
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
7.2% the rate of NAD+
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?
L-threonine + 3-pyridinealdehyde adenine dinucleotide
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + ?
7.2% the rate of NAD+
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
high activity
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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r
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
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substrate binding involved residues G66, G71, G77, and V80, H94 is an active site residue
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
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r
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
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stereospecificity, overview
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
active site structure, overview
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
stereospecificity, overview
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
catabolism through the threonine dehydrogenase pathway does not account for the high first-pass extraction rate of dietary threonine by the portal drained viscera in pigs, overview
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
the product L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate is unstable. It spontaneously converts to 2,5-dimethylpyrazine in a pH-dependent reaction, via 3,6-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazine. The reaction from aminoacetone to 2,5-dimethylpyrazine is a pH-dependent nonenzymatic reaction. Inactivation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase in Bacilus subtilis improves 2,5-dimethylpyrazine production
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
the product L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate is unstable. It spontaneously converts to 2,5-dimethylpyrazine in a pH-dependent reaction, via 3,6-dihydro-2,5-dimethylpyrazine. The reaction from aminoacetone to 2,5-dimethylpyrazine is a pH-dependent nonenzymatic reaction. Inactivation of 2-amino-3-ketobutyrate coenzyme A ligase in Bacilus subtilis improves 2,5-dimethylpyrazine production
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?
L-threonine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine amide + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutyramide + NADH
-
-
-
?
L-threonine amide + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutyramide + NADH
-
-
-
?
L-threonine amide + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutyramide + NADH
-
-
-
?
L-threonine methyl ester + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate methyl ester + NADH
-
-
-
?
L-threonine methyl ester + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate methyl ester + NADH
-
-
-
?
L-threonine methyl ester + NAD+
L-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate methyl ester + NADH
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with L-theronine methyl ester, L-threonine amide, DL-threonine hydroxamate, L-homoserine, (R)-1-amino-2-propanol, L-malate, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, DL-threo-phenylserine, L-serine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with L-theronine methyl ester, L-threonine amide, DL-threonine hydroxamate, L-homoserine, (R)-1-amino-2-propanol, L-malate, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, DL-threo-phenylserine, L-serine
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with L-theronine methyl ester, L-threonine amide, DL-threonine hydroxamate, L-homoserine, (R)-1-amino-2-propanol, L-malate, (R)-3-hydroxybutyrate, DL-threo-phenylserine, L-serine
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-
?
additional information
?
-
L-threonine and DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate are the only substrates for ThrDH among other L-amino acids, alcohols, and amino alcohols, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
L-threonine and DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate are the only substrates for ThrDH among other L-amino acids, alcohols, and amino alcohols, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
L-threonine and DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate are the only substrates for ThrDH among other L-amino acids, alcohols, and amino alcohols, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
L-threonine and DL-2-amino-3-hydroxyvalerate are the only substrates for ThrDH among other L-amino acids, alcohols, and amino alcohols, substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
specific for L-form of threonine, no substrate: NADP, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, alpha-NAD, nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
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specific for L-form of threonine, no substrate: NADP, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, alpha-NAD, nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
specific for L-form of threonine, no substrate: NADP, nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide, alpha-NAD, nicotinamide hypoxanthine dinucleotide
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
broad substrate specificity, determinants, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the enzyme is an NAD+-dependent zinc-containing medium-chain enzyme
-
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?
additional information
?
-
-
substrate specificity, overview
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ste11 gene encoding a TDH may function as a modifier gene of ebosin during its biosynthesis
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
r
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
-
-
?
L-threonine + NAD+
(2S)-2-amino-3-oxobutanoate + NADH + H+
-
catabolism through the threonine dehydrogenase pathway does not account for the high first-pass extraction rate of dietary threonine by the portal drained viscera in pigs, overview
-
-
?