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Information on EC 1.2.1.84 - alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductase
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EC Tree
1.2.1.84 alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductaseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme has been characterized from the plant Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba). The alcohol is formed by a four-electron reduction of fatty acyl-CoA. Although the reaction proceeds through an aldehyde intermediate, a free aldehyde is not released. The recombinant enzyme was shown to accept saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs of 16 to 22 carbons.
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Word Map
- 1.2.1.84
- cuticular
- cutin
-
stripak
- jojoba
-
simmondsia
- marinobacter
-
very-long-chain
- drug development
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
far11, fatty acyl-coenzyme a reductase, maqu_2220, psfar i, psfar ii, far10, alcohol-forming fatty acyl-coa reductase, peroxisomal fatty acyl-coa reductase 1, alcohol-forming far, fatty acyl coenzyme a reductase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
alcohol-forming fatty acyl-CoA reductase
FAR
FAR1
FAR2
FAR3
FAR4
FAR5
FAR6
FAR7
FAR8
fatty acyl-CoA reductase
fatty acyl-CoA reductase 1
fatty acyl-Coenzyme A reductase
FAR
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+ = a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + CoA
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
long-chain acyl-CoA:NADPH reductase
The enzyme has been characterized from the plant Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba). The alcohol is formed by a four-electron reduction of fatty acyl-CoA. Although the reaction proceeds through an aldehyde intermediate, a free aldehyde is not released. The recombinant enzyme was shown to accept saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acyl-CoAs of 16 to 22 carbons.
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
37350-23-5
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(Z)-11-hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
(Z)-11-hexadecenal + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
2-methylhexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
2-methylhexadecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
2-methyloctadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
2-methyloctadecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + CoA
Marinobacter nauticus
-
-
-
?
arachidonoyl-CoA + NADPH
cis-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenal + NADP+ + CoA
low activity
-
-
?
arachidoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
arachidol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
decanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
decanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-eicosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
eicosanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
higher activity
-
-
?
eicosenoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
eicosenyl alcohol + NADP+
about 50% of the activity with stearoyl-CoA
-
-
?
erucoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
erucyl alcohol + NADP+
about 30% of the activity with stearoyl-CoA
-
-
?
erucyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
erucyl alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
moderate activity
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexacosanoyl alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexacosanoyl alcohol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
hexacosanoyl alcohol + CoA + NADP+
-
-
-
?
hexadecenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexadecenol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
homo-gamma-linolenoyl-CoA + NADPH
? + NADP+ + CoA
low activity
-
-
?
lauroyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
dodecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
linoleoyl-CoA + NADPH
cis-9,12-octadecadienal + NADP+ + CoA
-
-
-
?
myristoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
myristol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
oleoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
octadecenol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
palmitoleoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
palmitoleic alcohol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
ricinoleoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
(9Z,12R)-octadec-9-ene-1,12-diol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
low activity
-
-
?
stearoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
octadecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
best substrate
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
tetracosanoyl alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + NADPH + H+
tetracosanoyl alcohol + CoA + NADP+
-
-
-
?
tetradecenoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
tetradecenol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
Marinobacter nauticus
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
docosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-docosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
docosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-docosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
docosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-docosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR1
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR3
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR2
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR3
-
-
?
hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexadecanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-hexadecanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR1
-
-
?
hexadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexadecanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
octacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-octacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
octacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-octacosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR6
-
-
?
octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-octadecanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
octadecanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-octadecanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR2
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexadecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
palmitoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexadecanol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
lower activity
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-tetracosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-tetracosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
preferred substrate for isoform FAR4
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-tetracosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Waterproof is a Drosophila FAR with a preference for very long chain, saturated fatty acids of 24 and 26 carbons. In yeast cultures expressing Waterproof, tetracosanoyl-alcohol (24:0-OH) and hexacosanoyl-alcohol (26:0-OH) are identified by GC/MS analysis, unsaturated alcohols or alcohols of shorter chain-lengths are either absent or below the detection limit. Neither of these fatty alcohols is detected in the vector control yeast culture or the wat gene containing culture grown under non-inducing conditions
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with (Z)-11-octadecenoyl-CoA and (Z)-9-oleoyl-CoA
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
no activity with oleoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, homo-gamma-linoleoyl-CoA or arachidonoyl-CoA
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with oleoyl-CoA, linoleoyl-CoA, homo-gamma-linoleoyl-CoA or arachidonoyl-CoA
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform FAR1 prefers C16, C18, C18:1, and C18:2 fatty acids and is less active against other lipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform FAR1 prefers C16, C18, C18:1, and C18:2 fatty acids and is less active against other lipids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform FAR2 prefers saturated C16 and C18 fatty acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
isoform FAR2 prefers saturated C16 and C18 fatty acids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity is detected when NADPH is substituted with NADH
-
-
-
additional information
?
-
enzyme substrate specificity, overview. Poor activity with linoleoyl-CoA and linolenoyl-CoA
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + CoA
Marinobacter nauticus
-
-
-
?
docosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-docosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
eicosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
1-eicosanol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexacosanoyl alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
hexacosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
hexacosanoyl alcohol + CoA + 2 NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
tetracosanoyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
tetracosanoyl alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Waterproof is a Drosophila FAR with a preference for very long chain, saturated fatty acids of 24 and 26 carbons. In yeast cultures expressing Waterproof, tetracosanoyl-alcohol (24:0-OH) and hexacosanoyl-alcohol (26:0-OH) are identified by GC/MS analysis, unsaturated alcohols or alcohols of shorter chain-lengths are either absent or below the detection limit. Neither of these fatty alcohols is detected in the vector control yeast culture or the wat gene containing culture grown under non-inducing conditions
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
Marinobacter nauticus
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
a long-chain acyl-CoA + 2 NADPH + 2 H+
a long-chain alcohol + 2 NADP+ + coenzyme A
-
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
no product inhibition by hexadecanol; no product inhibition by hexadecanol
-
additional information
no product inhibition by hexadecanol; no product inhibition by hexadecanol
-
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
bovine serum albumin
in vitro, addition of 0.5 mg of bovine serum albumin to the reaction mixture results in a fourfold increase of produced fatty alcohols
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Paraparesis, Spastic
The many faces of peroxisomal disorders: Lessons from a large Arab cohort.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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pH RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
4.5 - 7.5
inactive at pH 4.0, gradual increase up to maximal activity at pH 6.5, 42% of maximal activity at pH 7.5, reduction of activity above
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TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
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