4.2.3.89: (+)-beta-caryophyllene synthase
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For detailed information about (+)-beta-caryophyllene synthase, go to the full flat file.
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Synonyms
(E)-beta-caryophyllene synthase, BCS, beta-caryophyllene synthase, CsSesquiTPS6a, CsSesquiTPS6b, CsSesquiTPS6c, DcTPS1, E-(beta)-caryophyllene synthase, GcoA, More, OkBCS, PlCAHS, PnCPS, PnTPS1, RtTPS1, RtTPS3, SQS6a, SQS6b, SQS7, TPS1, tps23, TPS3, VvGwECar2, WtDcTPS
ECTree
4.2.3.89 (+)-beta-caryophyllene synthaseAdvanced search results
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Engineering on EC 4.2.3.89 - (+)-beta-caryophyllene synthase
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PROTEIN VARIANTS 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
A256E
site-directed mutagenesis of an alpha-helix residue disturbs the facing of the N-terminal loop
D319G
site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation prevents the interaction of this residue with one of the Mg2+ atoms
E41D
site-directed mutagenesis of an alpha-helix residue facing the N-terminal loop, the mutation can compensate the structural difference between enzymes CsSesquiTPS7 and CsSesquiTPS6b, both producing beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene
I260R
site-directed mutagenesis of an alpha-helix residue disturbs the facing of the N-terminal loop
T44P
site-directed mutagenesis of an alpha-helix residue facing the N-terminal loop, the mutation can compensate the structural difference between enzymes CsSesquiTPS7 and CsSesquiTPS6b, both producing beta-caryophyllene and alpha-humulene
additional information
additional information
gene OkBCS silencing in Ocimum kilimandscharicum plants via Agrobacterium tumefaciens strain GV3101 mediated transfection. beta-Caryophyllene and alpha-humulene levels decrease by about 20% in silenced plants compared to controls. The silencing effect is more prominent in systemic leaves with 95% reduction in OkBCS transcripts against 51% decrease in local leaves
additional information
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the enzyme from transgenic Arabidopsis thalina plants shows, in contrast with the behavior of the enzyme in vitro, no trace of germacrene D production. A low thujopsene production, also a higher selectivity for E-(beta)-caryophyllene production: the headspace of the modified plants is indeed dominated by alpha-humulene, thujopsene and E-(beta)-caryophyllene, in a 1:0.75:5 mass ratio (average). But a great variation in sesquiterpenes quantity among the different lines is observed, probably because of the difference in T-DNA copy number and expression. Overall, plants increase the E-(beta)-caryophyllene emission in the headspace collection by 8fold compared to Col-0 control plants. In grapevine VvGwECar2 overexpression result in higher E-(beta)-caryophyllene emissions. No differences in plant phenotypes or growth speed are observed
additional information
production of beta-caryophyllene by assembling a biosynthetic pathway in an engineered Escherichia coli strain of which phosphoglucose isomerase gene has been deleted. The 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) or heterologous mevalonate (MVA) pathways are employed. Geranyl diphosphate synthase (GPPS2 gene from Abies grandis), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH gene), and beta-caryophyllene synthase genes are co-overexpressed in the engineered strain. The final genetically modified strain, YJM59, produces 220 mg/l of beta-caryophyllene in flask culture. Evaluation of fed-batch fermentation for the production of beta-caryophyllene. After induction for 60 h, the YJM59 strain produces beta-caryophyllene at a concentration of 1520 mg/l. The volumetric production fermented in the aerobic fed-batch is 0.34 mg/(l/h/OD600) and the conversion efficiency of glucose to beta-caryophyllene (gram to gram) is 1.69%. Method evaluation with beta-caryophyllene synthases from different origins, QHS1 from Artemisia annua is the most effective of the three enzymes, compared to TPS21 from Arabidopsis thaliana and TPS23 from Zea perennis. Substrate channeling
