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Information on EC 6.2.1.17 - propionate-CoA ligase
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EC Tree
6.2.1.17 propionate-CoA ligaseIUBMB Comments
Propenoate can act instead of propanoate. Not identical with EC 6.2.1.1 (acetate---CoA ligase) or EC 6.2.1.2 (butyrate---CoA ligase).
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Word Map
- 6.2.1.17
- acetyl-coa
-
propionylation
- 3-hydroxypropionate
- chloroflexus
- acryloyl-coa
- butyryl-coa
-
methylcitrate
- metallosphaera
- sedula
- aurantiacus
- synthesis
- analysis
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria, Archaea
Synonyms
acss3, propionyl-coa synthetase, propionyl-coa synthase, propionyl coa synthetase, 3-hydroxypropionyl-coa synthetase, propionate-coa ligase, 
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SYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA synthetase
3-hydroxypropionyl-coenzyme A synthetase
Propionate-CoA synthetase
-
-
-
-
Propionyl CoA synthetase
-
-
-
-
Propionyl-CoA synthase
Propionyl-CoA synthetase
Propionyl-coenzyme A synthetase
PrpE
Synthetase, propionyl coenzyme A
-
-
-
-
Propionyl-CoA synthase
-
-
-
-
Propionyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
-
-
Propionyl-coenzyme A synthetase
-
-
-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
ATP + propanoate + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
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REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Acid-thiol ligation
-
-
-
-
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PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
-
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SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
propanoate:CoA ligase (AMP-forming)
Propenoate can act instead of propanoate. Not identical with EC 6.2.1.1 (acetate---CoA ligase) or EC 6.2.1.2 (butyrate---CoA ligase).
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CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
150386-10-0
-
55326-49-3
-
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + fumarate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + fumaroyl-CoA
-
14% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + mercaptoacetoacetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + mercaptoacetoacetyl-CoA
-
very good substrate
-
-
?
ATP + salicylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + salicyl-CoA
-
8% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
UTP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
UMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
20% of activity
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
involved in CO2 fixation via 3-hydroxypropionate cycle
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
three-step reaction with 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA and acryly-CoA as intermediates
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
involved in CO2 fixation via 3-hydroxypropionate cycle
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
three-step reaction with 3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA and acryly-CoA as intermediates
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
22% of the activity relative to propanonate
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
11% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
150% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
very poor substrate
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
128% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acetate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acetyl-CoA
-
48% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
82% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
85% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
109% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
poor substrate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + acryloyl-CoA
-
20% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
same activity as with 3-hydroxypropionate
-
-
?
ATP + acrylate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
same activity as with 3-hydroxypropionate
-
-
?
ATP + butyrate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + butyryl-CoA
-
27% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + butyrate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + butyryl-CoA
-
19% of the activity relative to propionate
-
-
?
ATP + butyrate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + butyryl-CoA
-
60% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + butyrate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + butyryl-CoA
-
very poor substrate
-
-
?
ATP + butyrate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + butyryl-CoA
-
14% of the activity with propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + crotonate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + crotonyl-CoA
-
13% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + crotonate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + crotonyl-CoA
-
24% of the activity relative to propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
the distinct propionyl CoA synthetase regulated by the concentration of propanoate in portal blood is significant because a primary role of ruminant liver is to synthesize glucose from ruminally derived propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
intracellular accumulation of propanoyl-CoA is associated with impairment of important heptic metabolic pathways. Since propanoate absorbed from the intestine can be converted to propanoyl-CoA in the liver, inhibition of propanoyl-CoA synthesis from propanoate and CoA may provide a strategy for decreasing toxicity from plasma propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
propanoate resulting from the terminal oxidation of propane to 1-propanol and oxidation of 1-propanol via the propanal dehydrogenase may be further metabolized via propanoyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
propanoate resulting from the terminal oxidation of propane to 1-propanol and oxidation of 1-propanol via the propanal dehydrogenase may be further metabolized via propanoyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
propionyl-CoA is a potent precursor of epothilone B, a potential anti-cancer agent
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism, recapture of exogenous propionate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
via propionyl-AMP intermediate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism, recapture of exogenous propionate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
GTP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
GMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
24% of activity
-
-
?
GTP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
GMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
24% of activity
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no activity with glycolate, malonate, beta-alanine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or crotonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with glycolate, malonate, beta-alanine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or crotonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
no activity with glycolate, malonate, beta-alanine, 3-hydroxybutyrate, or crotonate
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
no enzyme activity is detected using fatty acids with 5-8 carbon chains or 3-hydroxybutyrate as substrates
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
no activity with butyrate, GTP, ITP, CTP and TTP
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
the recombinant enzyme not only activates 3-hydroxypropionate to its CoA ester but also activates propionate, acrylate, acetate, and butyrate with reduced substrates affinities compared to propionate and 3-hydroxypropionate
-
-
?
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + 3-hydroxypropanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
involved in CO2 fixation via 3-hydroxypropionate cycle
-
-
?
ATP + 3-hydroxypropionate + CoA + NADPH
AMP + diphosphate + NADP+ + propionyl-CoA
Chloroflexus aurantiacus OK-70-fl / DSM 636
involved in CO2 fixation via 3-hydroxypropionate cycle
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
the distinct propionyl CoA synthetase regulated by the concentration of propanoate in portal blood is significant because a primary role of ruminant liver is to synthesize glucose from ruminally derived propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
intracellular accumulation of propanoyl-CoA is associated with impairment of important heptic metabolic pathways. Since propanoate absorbed from the intestine can be converted to propanoyl-CoA in the liver, inhibition of propanoyl-CoA synthesis from propanoate and CoA may provide a strategy for decreasing toxicity from plasma propanoate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
propanoate resulting from the terminal oxidation of propane to 1-propanol and oxidation of 1-propanol via the propanal dehydrogenase may be further metabolized via propanoyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
?
-
propanoate resulting from the terminal oxidation of propane to 1-propanol and oxidation of 1-propanol via the propanal dehydrogenase may be further metabolized via propanoyl-CoA synthetase
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
propionyl-CoA is a potent precursor of epothilone B, a potential anti-cancer agent
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism, recapture of exogenous propionate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism, recapture of exogenous propionate
-
-
?
ATP + propanoate + CoA
AMP + diphosphate + propanoyl-CoA
-
required for propionate catabolism
-
-
?
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COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
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METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mg2+
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INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
4-nitrobenzoate
-
inhibition of propanoyl-CoA formation in solubilized mitochondria
adenosine 5'-propyl phosphate
-
strong inhibition, bi uni uni bi ping pong mechanism
ATP
-
substrate inhibition at high concentrations, above 20 mM for the liver enzyme and above 10 mM for the mammary gland enzyme
propyl-AMP
-
competitive with ATP and propionyl-AMP, mixed type inhibition with propionate, uncompetitive with CoA
salicylate
-
inhibition of propanoyl-CoA formation in solubilized mitochondria
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ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA synthetase is up-regulated eightfold in autotrophically versus heterotrophically grown Metallosphaera sedula
-
additional information
-
3-hydroxypropionyl-CoA synthetase is up-regulated eightfold in autotrophically versus heterotrophically grown Metallosphaera sedula
-
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DISEASE
TITLE OF PUBLICATION
LINK TO PUBMED
Adenoma
Transcriptome Pathway Analysis of Pathological and Physiological Aldosterone-Producing Human Tissues.
Neoplasms
Mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 3 is Biosignature of Gastric Cancer Progression.
Neoplasms
[Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in prostate cancer using the technology of Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (HM450)].
Prostatic Neoplasms
ACSS3 represses prostate cancer progression through downregulating lipid droplet-associated protein PLIN3.
Prostatic Neoplasms
[Genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation in prostate cancer using the technology of Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip (HM450)].
Starvation
Mitochondrial Acetyl-CoA Synthetase 3 is Biosignature of Gastric Cancer Progression.
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KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE