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Information on EC 2.2.1.6 - acetolactate synthase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession P17597
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2.2.1.6 acetolactate synthaseIUBMB Comments
This enzyme requires thiamine diphosphate. The reaction shown is in the pathway of biosynthesis of valine; the enzyme can also transfer the acetaldehyde from pyruvate to 2-oxobutanoate, forming 2-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-oxobutanoate, also known as 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate, a reaction in the biosynthesis of isoleucine.
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Word Map
- 2.2.1.6
-
herbicide
-
weed
- sulfonylurea
-
als-inhibiting
-
branched-chain
- imidazolinone
-
biotype
-
cross-resistance
-
herbicide-resistant
- imazethapyr
- chlorsulfuron
- triazolopyrimidine
-
4.1.3.18
-
als-inhibitors
- glyphosate
-
target-site
- amaranthus
- imazamox
- acetoin
- sulfometuron
- 2,3-butanediol
- echinochloa
- protoporphyrinogen
-
broadleaf
- 2-ketobutyrate
-
non-target-site
-
whole-plant
- nicosulfuron
- accase
- hybridus
- rigidum
-
waterhemp
- mesotrione
-
postemergence
- crus-galli
-
safener
- 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate
-
ilvced
- alpha-ketobutyrate
- brewing
- rudis
- dicamba
- synthesis
- agriculture
- molecular biology
- glufosinate
-
thdp-dependent
- palmeri
- tuberculatus
- analysis
-
alopecurus
-
isomeroreductase
- pharmacology
-
herbicide-binding
- drug development
-
glyphosate-resistant
- kochia
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
acetolactate synthase, acetohydroxy acid synthase, alpha-acetolactate synthase, ahas1, ahass, ahas2, ahas ii, acetohydroxy acid synthetase, acetohydroxy acid synthase i, ahas3, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
acetohydroxy acid synthase
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-
-
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acetohydroxy acid synthetase
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-
-
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acetohydroxyacid synthase
acetolactate pyruvate-lyase (carboxylating)
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-
-
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acetolactate synthetase
-
-
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acetolactic synthetase
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AHAS
alpha-acetohydroxy acid synthetase
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-
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alpha-acetohydroxyacid synthase
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alpha-acetolactate synthase
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alpha-acetolactate synthetase
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-
-
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alpha-ALS
-
-
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GST-mALS
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-
-
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GST-wALS
-
-
-
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synthase, acetolactate
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-
-
-
additional information
-
the enzyme belongs to the ThDP-dependent family of enzymes
acetohydroxyacid synthase
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-
-
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AHAS
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-
-
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REACTION
REACTION DIAGRAM
COMMENTARY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
2 pyruvate = 2-acetolactate + CO2
catalytic mechanism of the catalytic subunit involving the thiamine diphopshtae cofactor, overview
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
decarboxylation
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-
-
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C-C bond formation
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-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
KEGG
-
-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
pyruvate:pyruvate acetaldehydetransferase (decarboxylating)
This enzyme requires thiamine diphosphate. The reaction shown is in the pathway of biosynthesis of valine; the enzyme can also transfer the acetaldehyde from pyruvate to 2-oxobutanoate, forming 2-ethyl-2-hydroxy-3-oxobutanoate, also known as 2-aceto-2-hydroxybutanoate, a reaction in the biosynthesis of isoleucine.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9027-45-6
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-oxobutyrate + pyruvate
(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
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-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
2-oxobutyrate + pyruvate
(S)-2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate + 2-oxobutyrate
2-aceto-2-hydroxybutyrate + CO2
-
-
-
?
pyruvate
?
-
first enzyme unique to biosynthesis of the branched chain amino acids Val, Leu, and Ile
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
AHAS catalyses the first step leading to all three branched-chain amino acids, in the reactions, enzyme-bound thiamine diphosphate reacts with pyruvate, releasing CO2 and forming an acetaldehyde moiety as enzyme-bound hydroxyethyl-ThDP, resonating enamine/alpha-carbanion intermediate
-
-
?
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
FAD
-
required, presence of FAD in AHAS is an evolutionary relic of the ancestry of its sub-family of ThDP-dependent enzymes, binding structure, overview
thiamine diphosphate
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required, ThDP is anchored in the active site by a divalent metal ion cofactor such as Mg2+
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mg2+
Mg2+
Mg2+
-
the enzyme requires a divalent metal ion, involved in anchoring the cofactor thiamine diphosphate in the active site
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
1-methoxy-1-oxopropan-2-yl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate
-
2'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
2-(5-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methylbenzoic acid
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2-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methylbenzoic acid
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2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate
-
2-methoxy-2-oxoethyl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)benzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)benzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)benzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(pyrimidin-5-yl)benzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-methoxypyrimidin-5-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
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2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
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2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(furan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
-
3'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-2'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3',5'-difluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4',5-dimethylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4'-methoxy-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-fluorobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methoxybiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl-4'-nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
4'-bromo-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
4'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methoxybiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
4'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
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5-chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-((4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-tosyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-chlorophenyl)-N-((4-methoxyphenyl)-sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
73% inhibition at 100 mg/l
5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-((4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-N-tosyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-N-((4-methoxyphenyl)-sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-3-methyl-1-(p-tolyl)-N-((4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl)sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-3-methyl-1-(p-tolyl)-N-tosyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-N-((4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)-sulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
81% inhibition at 100 mg/l
5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-N-(phenylsulfonyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-3-methyl-N-(phenylsulfonyl)-1-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
-
5-chloro-N-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-N-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-N-((4-chlorophenyl)sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
65% inhibition at 100 mg/l
5-chloro-N-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1-(p-tolyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
5-chloro-N-((4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl)-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxamide
-
ethyl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl[1,1'-biphenyl]-2-carboxylate
-
methyl 2-([(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]sulfamoyl)benzoate
-
methyl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylate
-
methyl 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]biphenyl-2-carboxylate
-
N-[(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
sodium 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylate
-
sodium 3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]biphenyl-2-carboxylate
-
2-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2-bromophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2-chloro-4-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(2-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(4-bromo-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
2-bromo-N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
67.5% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-bromo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
68.9% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-bromo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
64.8% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
69.9% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
68.2% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4-chloro-6-methoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
62.2% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
64.1% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
62.2% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-chloro-N-[(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
67.7% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-fluoro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
44.5% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-fluoro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
67.9% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-fluoro-N-[(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
72.6% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
68.9% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-iodo-N-[(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
68.5% inhibition at 10 mg/l
2-substituted-8-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)-4-methylphthalazin-1-one derivatives
-
synthesis of diverse derivatives and inhibitory potency, overview
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)benzoic acid
-
-
2-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
-
chlorimuron ethyl
-
a sulfonylurea herbicide, complex inhibition, binding structure, overview
metsulfuron methyl
-
a sulfonylurea herbicide, complex inhibition, overview
N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-fluoro-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
68.4% inhibition at 10 mg/l
N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-iodo-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
65.1% inhibition at 10 mg/l
N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-nitro-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide
-
65.1% inhibition at 10 mg/l
additional information
-
ligand binding structures, and inhibition mechanism, overview
-
bispyribac
about 58% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1
chlorimuron ethyl
about 90% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1
imazaquin
about 20% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1, about 85% enzyme inhibition after 2 days at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 1000:1
propoxycarbazone
about 55% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1
pyrithiobac
about 70% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1
thiencarbazone methyl
about 40% enzyme inhibition after 2 h at enzyme:inhibitor ratio of 10:1
chlorsulphuron
-
inhibition of the enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana and of the enzyme expressed in E. coli
imazaquin
-
an imidazolinone herbicide, complex inhibition, binding structure, overview
Leu
-
inhibition of the enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana, no inhibition of the enzyme expressed in E. coli
Val
-
inhibition of the enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana, no inhibition of the enzyme expressed in E. coli
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
additional information
additional information
-
non-hyperbolic substrate-saturation curve, involving interaction between the active sites of the dimer
-
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00291
2'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00452
2-(5-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00989
2-(6-chloropyridin-3-yl)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0498
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(5-methylpyridin-3-yl)benzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00025
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(naphthalen-2-yl)benzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00531
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(pyridin-3-yl)benzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.705
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4-methyl-6-(pyrimidin-5-yl)benzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0597
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-methoxypyrimidin-5-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00378
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3,5-dimethyl-1,2-oxazol-4-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0309
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00066
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(furan-2-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00051
2-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(furan-3-yl)-4-methylbenzoic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00403
3'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00207
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-2'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00728
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3',5'-difluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00215
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-3'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00018
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4',5-dimethylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00067
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4'-fluoro-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00154
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-4'-methoxy-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.663
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-fluorobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0268
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methoxybiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00273
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methyl-4'-nitrobiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00009
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00002
3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00041
4'-bromo-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0391
4'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methoxybiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0002
4'-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]-5-methylbiphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
1
5-chloro-3-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)oxy]biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid
IC50 above 1.0 mM, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00038
flumetsulam
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0757 - 0.0929
2-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.0158 - 0.228
2-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00212 - 0.00758
2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.0147 - 0.0843
2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.0144 - 0.0553
2-(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00572 - 0.0263
2-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00458 - 0.047
2-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00159 - 0.0037
2-(2-chloro-4-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00694 - 0.145
2-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00184 - 0.0434
2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00141 - 0.00334
2-(4-bromo-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.0157 - 0.0189
2-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00325 - 0.00916
2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.00134 - 0.00642
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.0000153
2-bromo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0001729
2-chloro-N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000115
2-fluoro-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000229
2-iodo-N-[(4-methoxy-6-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00053 - 0.00335
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
0.00607 - 0.0202
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
0.00537 - 0.0612
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
0.00201 - 0.0605
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
0.00645 - 0.0201
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
0.00179 - 0.00317
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)benzoic acid
0.00271 - 0.00369
2-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
0.789
8-(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yloxy)-4-methylphthalazin-1(2H)-one
-
-
0.0000524
chlorsulfuron
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0000283
N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-fluoro-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0001127
N-[(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-iodo-6-nitrobenzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0001658
N-[(4,6-dimethylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-nitro-6-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)benzenesulfonamide
-
apparent value, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00054
bispyribac
pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0757
2-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0929
2-(2,3-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0158
2-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.228
2-(2,3-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00212
2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00758
2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0147
2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0843
2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0144
2-(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0553
2-(2,5-dichlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00572
2-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0263
2-(2,5-difluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00458
2-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.047
2-(2-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0257
2-(2-bromophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0657
2-(2-bromophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00159
2-(2-chloro-4-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0037
2-(2-chloro-4-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00827
2-(2-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.212
2-(2-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00694
2-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.145
2-(3-bromo-4-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00184
2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0434
2-(3-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00141
2-(4-bromo-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00334
2-(4-bromo-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0157
2-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0189
2-(4-chloro-2-fluorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00325
2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00916
2-(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00134
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00642
2-(4-chloro-3-methylphenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00451
2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.056
2-(4-chlorophenoxy)-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00053
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00335
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00607
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0202
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00537
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0612
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluoro-5-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0274
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.108
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(2-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00201
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0605
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00645
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0201
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(3-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0119
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0214
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-fluorophenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0178
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0234
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(4-methylphenoxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00179
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00317
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0042
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-phenoxybenzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.0528
2-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-phenoxybenzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00271
2-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00369
2-[([1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)oxy]-6-[(4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]benzoic acid
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.000054
bispyribac
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00247
bispyribac
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.00008
tribenuron-methyl
-
wild type enzyme, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
0.212
tribenuron-methyl
-
mutant enzyme P197L, pH and temperature not specified in the publication
additional information
leucine/valine
-
an equimolar mixture of leucine and valine
IC50 VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00000423
bensulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000245
flucarbazone
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000075
foramsulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.00000133
mesosulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000714
nicosulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.00000314
primisulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000928
propoxycarbazone
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.00000288
prosulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.000000742
pyrithiobac
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000248
thiencarbazone
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
0.0000059
trifloxysulfuron
Arabidopsis thaliana
pH 7.0, 30°C, recombinant wild-type enzyme
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
-
an N-terminal peptide, which is subsequently removed, is required to direct the protein to chloroplasts in plants
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). ILVB_ARATH
670
0
72585
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 1)
PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
50000
-
1 * 59000-66000, catalytic subunit + 1 * 50000, above, regulatory subunit
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
dimer
additional information
-
the regulatory subunit possesses no AHAS activity but greatly stimulates the activity of the catalytic subunit, it is necessary for AHAS to be inhibited by branched-chain amino acids, structures of catalytic and regulatory subunits, sequence comparisons, overview
dimer
-
1 * 59000-66000, catalytic subunit + 1 * 50000, above, regulatory subunit
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
proteolytic modification
-
the N-terminal peptide of the precursor protein is removed
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
free enzyme and in complex with inhibitors, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 1 M sodium potassium tartrate, 0.1 M CHES and 0.1-0.2 M lithium sulfate
in complex with inhibitors N-[(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]-2-nitrobenzenesulfonamide and methyl 2-([(4-methylpyrimidin-2-yl)carbamoyl]sulfamoyl)benzoate, to 3.0 A and 2.8 A resolution, respectively. In both complexes, the inhibitors are bound in the tunnel leading to the active site, such that the sole substituent of the heterocyclic ring is buried deepest and oriented towards the thiamine diphosphate. The cofactor is intact and present most likely as the hydroxylethyl intermediate
in complex with penoxsulam, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 1.0 M succinic acid, pH 7.0, 0.1 M HEPES, pH 7.0, and 1% (w/v) PEG monomethyl ether 2000
in complex with propoxycarbazone or thiencarbazone methyl, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 1.0 M Na/K tartrate, 0.1 M CHES, and 0.19 M (NH4)2SO4. In complex with bispyribac or pyrithiobac, hanging drop vapor diffusion method, using 20% (w/v) PEG 3350 and 0.2 M sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate or 0.2 M potassium citrate tribasic dihydrate
resolution of the diffraction data for herbicide-AHAS complexes varies between 2.2 A for the chlorsulfuron-bound structure to 2.8 A for the chlorimuron ethyl-bound structure, between 2.5 and 2.9 A for other catalytic subunit-herbicide complexes, overview
-
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
A122V
Nicotiana tabacum plants with transplastomic expression of mutant are specifically tolerant to pyrimidinylcarboxylate, imidazolinon, and sulfonylurea/pyrimidinylcarboxylate herbicides, respectively
A205F
site-directed mutagenesis, the enzyme mutation confers resistance to imidazolinone, sulfonylurea, triazolopyrimidines, sulfonylaminocarbonyl triazolinones, and pyrimidinyl(thio)benzoate herbicides
G121A
Nicotiana tabacum plants with transplastomic expression of mutant are specifically tolerant to pyrimidinylcarboxylate, imidazolinon, and sulfonylurea/pyrimidinylcarboxylate herbicides, respectively
P197S
Nicotiana tabacum plants with transplastomic expression of mutant are specifically tolerant to pyrimidinylcarboxylate, imidazolinon, and sulfonylurea/pyrimidinylcarboxylate herbicides, respectively
A122V
P197L
-
the mutation causes serious cross-resistance to most types of enzyme inhibitors
S653N
W574L
W574S
additional information
-
identification and phenotypes of herbicide-resistant mutant enzymes, overview
W574S
-
reduction in sensitivity to sulfonurea herbicides compared to the wild-type enzyme
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-70°C, 21 days, 15% loss of activity of mutant enzyme A122V, less than 1% loss of activity of mutant enzymes W574S and S653N, 3% loss of activity of mutant enzyme W574L
-
-70°C, 4% loss of activity after 3 weeks with three freeze-thaw cycles, 8% loss of activity after 5 weeks with five freeze-thaw cycles, 9-10% loss of activity after 6 months with no intervening freeze-thaw cycle
-
4°C, 10% loss of activity after 3 weeks, 23% loss of activity after 5 weeks
-
4°C, 21 days, 30% loss of activity of mutant enzyme A122V, 6% loss of activity of mutant enzyme W574S, 20% loss of activity of mutant enzyme W574L, 18% loss of activity of mutant enzyme S653N
-
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Ni-NTA resin column chromatography and S-200 HR gel filtration
mutant enzymes A122V, W574S, W574L and S653N expressed in Escherichia coli
-
Ni-NTA resin column chromatography and S-200 HR gel filtration
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene ALS, recombinant exxpression of N-terminally His6-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes with a 85 amino acid N-terminal deletion eliminating the chloroplast transit peptide
cloned into the bacterial expression plasmid pKK233-2, expression in AHAS-deficient Escherichia coli strain MF2000
-
cloned into the bacterial expression vector pT7-7 and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
agriculture
Nicotiana tabacum plants with transplastomic expression of mutants G121A, A122V, or P197S are specifically tolerant to pyrimidinylcarboxylate, imidazolinon, and sulfonylurea/pyrimidinylcarboxylate herbicides, respectively
biotechnology
construction of a vector system for chloroplast transformation with acetolactate synthase, generation of a series of Arabidopsis thaliana mutated acetolactate synthase genes and introduction of constructs with the aminoglycoside 3'-adenyltransferase gene into the Nicotiana tabacum chloroplast genome by particle bombardment
drug development
-
the enzyme is a target for development of herbicides, overview
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Mazur, B.J.; Chui, C.F.; Smith, J.K.
Isolation and characterization of plant genes coding for acetolactate synthase, the target enzyme for two classes of herbicides
Plant Physiol.
85
1110-1117
1987
Arabidopsis thaliana, Nicotiana tabacum
Chang, A.K.; Duggleby, R.G.
Expression, purification and characterization of Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase
Biochem. J.
327
161-169
1997
Arabidopsis thaliana
-
Chang, A.K.; Duggleby, R.G.
Herbicide-resistant forms of Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase: characterization of the catalytic properties and sensitivity to inhibitors of four defined mutants
Biochem. J.
333
765-777
1998
Arabidopsis thaliana
-
Singh, B.; Szamosi, I.; Hand, J.M.; Misra, R.
Arabidopsis acetohydroxyacid synthase expressed in Escherichia coli is insensitive to the feedback inhibitors
Plant Physiol.
99
812-815
1992
Arabidopsis thaliana
Li, Y.X.; Luo, Y.P.; Xi, Z.; Niu, C.; He, Y.Z.; Yang, G.F.
Design and syntheses of novel phthalazin-1(2H)-one derivatives as acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors
J. Agric. Food Chem.
54
9135-9139
2006
Arabidopsis thaliana
Wang, J.G.; Lee, P.K.; Dong, Y.H.; Pang, S.S.; Duggleby, R.G.; Li, Z.M.; Guddat, L.W.
Crystal structures of two novel sulfonylurea herbicides in complex with Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase
FEBS J.
276
1282-1290
2009
Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597), Arabidopsis thaliana
Duggleby, R.G.; McCourt, J.A.; Guddat, L.W.
Structure and mechanism of inhibition of plant acetohydroxyacid synthase
Plant Physiol. Biochem.
46
309-324
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Escherichia coli, Helianthus annuus, Nicotiana tabacum, Nitrosomonas europaea, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium, Thermotoga maritima, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (P07342), Gossypium hirsutum (Q42768)
Shimizu, M.; Goto, M.; Hanai, M.; Shimizu, T.; Izawa, N.; Kanamoto, H.; Tomizawa, K.; Yokota, A.; Kobayashi, H.
Selectable tolerance to herbicides by mutated acetolactate synthase genes integrated into the chloroplast genome of tobacco
Plant Physiol.
147
1976-1983
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597)
Brosnan, J.T.; Vargas, J.J.; Breeden, G.K.; Grier, L.; Aponte, R.A.; Tresch, S.; Laforest, M.
A new amino acid substitution (Ala-205-Phe) in acetolactate synthase (ALS) confers broad spectrum resistance to ALS-inhibiting herbicides
Planta
243
149-159
2016
Poa annua, Poa annua (A0A0M3TGF7), Poa annua (A0A0M4NDK0), Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597)
Wei, W.; Zhou, S.; Cheng, D.; Li, Y.; Liu, J.; Xie, Y.; Li, Y.; Li, Z.
Design, synthesis and herbicidal activity study of aryl 2,6-disubstituted sulfonylureas as potent acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett.
27
3365-3369
2017
Amaranthus retroflexus, Arabidopsis thaliana, Brassica napus, Echinochloa crus-galli, Digitaria adscendens
Lv, X.H.; Ren, Z.L.; Liu, H.; Li, H.D.; Li, Q.S.; Wang, L.; Zhang, L.S.; Yao, X.K.; Cao, H.Q.
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel pyrazole sulfonamide derivatives as potential AHAS inhibitors
Chem. Pharm. Bull.
66
358-362
2018
Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597), Arabidopsis thaliana
Garcia, M.D.; Wang, J.G.; Lonhienne, T.; Guddat, L.W.
Crystal structure of plant acetohydroxyacid synthase, the target for several commercial herbicides
FEBS J.
284
2037-2051
2017
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597), Arabidopsis thaliana
Qu, R.Y.; Yang, J.F.; Devendar, P.; Kang, W.M.; Liu, Y.C.; Chen, Q.; Niu, C.W.; Xi, Z.; Yang, G.F.
Discovery of New 2-[(4,6-Dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)oxy]-6-(substituted phenoxy)benzoic acids as flexible inhibitors of Arabidopsis thaliana acetohydroxyacid synthase and its P197L Mutant
J. Agric. Food Chem.
65
11170-11178
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana
Li, K.J.; Qu, R.Y.; Liu, Y.C.; Yang, J.F.; Devendar, P.; Chen, Q.; Niu, C.W.; Xi, Z.; Yang, G.F.
Design, synthesis, and herbicidal activity of pyrimidine-biphenyl hybrids as novel acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibitors
J. Agric. Food Chem.
66
3773-3782
2018
Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597), Arabidopsis thaliana
Garcia, M.D.; Nouwens, A.; Lonhienne, T.G.; Guddat, L.W.
Comprehensive understanding of acetohydroxyacid synthase inhibition by different herbicide families
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
114
E1091-E1100
2017
Arabidopsis thaliana (P17597), Arabidopsis thaliana
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