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ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
2'-deoxy-ATP + L-methionine + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
3'-deoxy-ATP + L-methionine + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
ATP + methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
tripolyphosphate + H2O
diphosphate + phosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
phosphate + diphosphate + S-adenosyl-L-methionine
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
mechanism
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
the product S-adenosylmethionine is important as a direct metabolic donor of methyl and alpha-amino-n-butyryl groups
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
two reaction steps: S-adenosylmethionine synthesis and tripolyphosphate hydrolysis. Tripolyphosphate hydrolysis is the rate determining reaction
-
-
?
ATP + L-methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
MAT activity controls cellular glutathione levels, polyamine synthesis and folate cycling
-
-
?
ATP + methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
ATP + methionine + H2O
S-adenosyl-L-methionine + phosphate + diphosphate
-
-
-
?
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Cu2+
isozyme subunit MATalpha2 is inhibited by 0.25 mM Cu2+ in the presence or absence of dithiothreitol, strong reduction in MAT2B gene expression induced by Cu2+ (60%), copper effects can only be prevented by buthionine sulfoximine, whereas N-acetylcysteine and neocuproine are ineffective
L-methionine
30% reduction in total activity is detected at 5 mM L-methionine
(2S,4S)-amino-4,5-epoxypentanoic acid
-
3-morpholinosydnoniimide
-
loss of liver MAT activity in vivo
ATP
-
ATP and methionine act as a switch between two different MAT III isoforms
bacterial lipopolysaccharide
-
carbon tetrachloride
-
depletion of glutathione levels reduces MAT I/III activities in vivo
glycerol
-
inhibits kidney isoenzyme gamma
L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine
p-chloromercuribenzoate
-
alpha and beta isoenzymes completely inhibited, gamma isoenzyme slightly inhibited
phosphate
-
individually a weak inhibitor, in combination with diphosphate there is a synergistic inhibitory effect
S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester
-
inactivates
S-nitrosylated glutathione
-
rapid and dose-dependent loss of enzymatic activity of MAT I/III
SIN-1
-
rapid and dose-dependent loss of enzymatic activity of MAT I/III
tripolyphosphate
-
activation or inhibition, depending on isoenzyme, S-adenosylmethionine and tripolyphosphate concentration
additional information
-
MAT is inactivated after 6 h of incubation in hypoxia (3% O2) in rat hepatocytes, prevented by NG-monomethyl-L-arginine methyl ester. Hepatic MAT s a sensible target for free radicals in vivo
-
bacterial lipopolysaccharide
-
decreases MAT activity in vivo
-
bacterial lipopolysaccharide
-
results in the accumulation of nitrites and nitrates in serum and in the inactivation of MAT I/III
-
Dimethylsulfoxide
-
-
Dimethylsulfoxide
-
weak inhibition of liver isoenzyme
Dimethylsulfoxide
-
slight inhibition of gamma isoenzyme from kidney
diphosphate
-
inhibits high-MW isoenzyme, no effect on low-MW enzyme
diphosphate
-
individually a weak inhibitor, in combination with phosphate there is a marked synergistic effect
hydrogen peroxide
-
-
hydrogen peroxide
-
inactives CHO cells-MAT, prevented by desferoxamine. Time- and dose-dependent inactivation of MAT I/III, activity recovered by addition of glutathione
K+
-
-
L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine
-
inhibits glutathione synthesis and this decreases MAT activity in vivo. Prevented by the administration of glutathione-ethyl ester
L-buthionine-(S,R)-sulfoximine
-
inactivates hepatic MAT, prevented by the administration of glutathione-ethyl ester
L-methionine
-
ATP and methionine act as a switch between two different MAT III isoforms
L-methionine
30% reduction in total activity is detected at 5 mM L-methionine
nitric oxide
-
inactivates hepatic MAT
nitric oxide
-
two MAT III isoforms, one with low tripolyphosphatase activity that is insensitive to NO and another with high tripolyphosphatase activity that is inhibited by NO
S-adenosylmethionine
-
above 0.3 mM inhibits both high-MW and low-MW isoenzymes
S-adenosylmethionine
-
inhibition of rat kidney enzyme and rat liver MAT-II, weak inhibition of rat liver MAT-I
S-nitrosoglutathione
-
inactivates MATI/III by 70%
S-nitrosoglutathione
-
inhibits S-adenosylmethionine sinthetase activity
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200000
isozyme MAT II, gel filtration
100000
-
beta isoenzyme from liver, gel filtration
160000
-
beta isoenzyme from liver, gel filtration
190000
-
gamma isoenzyme from kidney, gel filtration
48500
-
4 * 48500, high-MW isoenzyme, SDS-PAGE
89130
-
glutathione/glutathione disulfide-refolded MAT III, gel filtration
110000
-
MAT III, gel filtration
110000
-
low-MW isoenzyme, gel filtration
110000
isozyme MAT III, gel filtration
120000
-
-
120000
-
MAT-II, isolated from kidney and liver, gel filtration
194900
gel filtration
194900
-
glutathione/glutathione disulfide-refolded MAT I, gel filtration
200000
-
alpha isoenzyme from liver, gel filtration
200000
isozyme MAT I, gel filtration
208000
-
-
208000
-
MAT-I, gel filtration
210000
-
high-MW isoenzyme, gel filtration
210000
-
alpha isoenzyme, gel filtration
44300
2 * 44300, analysis of association/dissociation between dimer and tetramer by gel filtration and MALDI-TOF MS
44300
4 * 44300, analysis of association/dissociation between dimer and tetramer by gel filtration and MALDI-TOF MS
47000
-
2 * 47000, MAT-III, SDS-PAGE
47000
-
2 * 47000, low-MW isoenzyme, SDS-PAGE
48000
-
monomer, gel filtration and immunoblotting
48000
-
2 * 48000, beta isoenzyme from liver, SDS-PAGE
48000
-
4 * 48000, alpha isoenzyme from liver, SDS-PAGE
92700
gel filtration
92700
-
dithiothreitol-refolded MAT III, gel filtration
97000
-
-
97000
-
MAT-III, gel filtration
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Geller, A.M.; Kotb, M.Y.S.; Jernigan, H.M.; Kredich, N.M.
Purification and properties of rat lens methionine adenosyltransferase
Exp. Eye Res.
43
997-1008
1986
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Tallan, H.H.; Cohen, P.A.
Methionine adenosyltransferase: kinetic properties of human and rat liver enzymes
Biochem. Med.
16
234-250
1976
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Liau, M.C.; Lin, G.W.; Hurlbert, R.B.
Partial purification and characterization of tumor and liver S-adenosylmethionine synthetases
Cancer Res.
37
427-435
1977
Rattus norvegicus
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Sullivan, D.M.; Hoffman, J.L.
Fractionation and kinetic properties of rat liver and kidney methionine adenosyltransferase isozymes
Biochemistry
22
1636-1641
1983
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Hoffman, J.L.
Fractionation of methionine adenosyltransferase isozymes (rat liver)
Methods Enzymol.
94
223-228
1983
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Cabrero, C.; Puerta, J.; Alemany, S.
Purification and comparison of two forms of S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase from rat liver
Eur. J. Biochem.
170
299-304
1987
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Okada, G.; Teraoka, H.; Tsukada, K.
Multiple species of mammalian S-adenosylmethionine synthetase. Partial purification and characterization
Biochemistry
20
934-940
1981
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Suman, Y.; Shimizu, K.; Tsukada, K.
Isozymes of S-adenosylmethionine synthetase from rat liver: isolation and characterization
J. Biochem.
100
67-75
1986
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Mingorance, J.; Alvarez, L.; Pajares, M.A.; Mato, J.M.
Recombinant rat liver S-adenosyl-L-methionine synthetase tetramers and dimers are in equilibrium
Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.
29
485-491
1997
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Avila, M.A.; Corrales, F.J.; Ruiz, F.; Sanchez-Gongora, E.; Mingorance, J.; Carretero, M.V.; Mato, J.M.
Specific interaction of methionine adenosyltransferase with free radicals
Biofactors
8
27-32
1998
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
del Pino, M.M.; Corrales, F.J.; Mato, J.M.
Hysteretic behavior of methionine adenosyltransferase III. Methionine switches between two conformations of the enzyme with different specific activity
J. Biol. Chem.
275
23476-23482
2000
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Ekegren, T.; Aquilonius, S.M.; Gomes-Trolin, C.
A comparative study of methionine adenosyltransferase activity and regional distribution in mammalian spinal cord
Biochem. Pharmacol.
60
441-445
2000
Bos taurus, Felis catus, Macaca mulatta, Rattus norvegicus, Sus scrofa
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Lopez-Vara, M.C.; Gasset, M.; Pajares, M.A.
Refolding and characterization of rat liver methionine adenosyltransferase from Escherichia coli inclusion bodies
Protein Expr. Purif.
19
219-226
2000
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Corrales, F.J.; Perez-Mato, I.; Sanchez Del Pino, M.M.; Ruiz, F.; Castro, C.; Garcia-Trevijano, E.R.; Latasa, U.; Martinez-Chantar, M.L.; Martinez-Cruz, A.; Avila, M.A.; Mato, J.M.
Regulation of mammalian liver methionine adenosyltransferase
J. Nutr.
132
2377S-2381S
2002
Escherichia coli, Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Lu, S.C.; Mato, J.M.
Role of methionine adenosyltransferase and S-adenosylmethionine in alcohol-associated liver cancer
Alcohol
35
227-234
2005
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Iloro, I.; Chehin, R.; Goni, F.M.; Pajares, M.A.; Arrondo, J.L.
Methionine adenosyltransferase alpha-helix structure unfolds at lower temperatures than beta-sheet: a 2D-IR study
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86
3951-3958
2004
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Sanchez-Perez, G.F.; Gasset, M.; Calvete, J.J.; Pajares, M.A.
Role of an intrasubunit disulfide in the association state of the cytosolic homo-oligomer methionine adenosyltransferase
J. Biol. Chem.
278
7285-7293
2003
Rattus norvegicus (P13444)
brenda
Kim, J.S.; Coon, S.L.; Blackshaw, S.; Cepko, C.L.; Moller, M.; Mukda, S.; Zhao, W.Q.; Charlton, C.G.; Klein, D.C.
Methionine adenosyltransferase:adrenergic-cAMP mechanism regulates a daily rhythm in pineal expression
J. Biol. Chem.
280
677-684
2005
Rattus norvegicus
brenda
Gonzalez, B.; Pajares, M.A.; Hermoso, J.A.; Guillerm, D.; Guillerm, G.; Sanz-Aparicio, J.
Crystal structures of methionine adenosyltransferase complexed with substrates and products reveal the methionine-ATP recognition and give insights into the catalytic mechanism
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331
407-416
2003
Rattus norvegicus (P13444)
brenda
Delgado, M.; Perez-Miguelsanz, J.; Garrido, F.; Rodriguez-Tarduchy, G.; Perez-Sala, D.; Pajares, M.A.
Early effects of copper accumulation on methionine metabolism
Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
65
2080-2090
2008
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus (P13444), Rattus norvegicus (P18298)
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Rodriguez, J.L.; Boukaba, A.; Sandoval, J.; Georgieva, E.I.; Latasa, M.U.; Garcia-Trevijano, E.R.; Serviddio, G.; Nakamura, T.; Avila, M.A.; Sastre, J.; Torres, L.; Mato, J.M.; Lopez-Rodas, G.
Transcription of the MAT2A gene, coding for methionine adenosyltransferase, is up-regulated by E2F and Sp1 at a chromatin level during proliferation of liver cells
Int. J. Biochem. Cell Biol.
39
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2007
Rattus norvegicus (P18298)
brenda
Reytor, E.; Perez-Miguelsanz, J.; Alvarez, L.; Perez-Sala, D.; Pajares, M.A.
Conformational signals in the C-terminal domain of methionine adenosyltransferase I/III determine its nucleocytoplasmic distribution
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23
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Rattus norvegicus
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Changes in the expression of methionine adenosyltransferase genes and S-adenosylmethionine homeostasis during hepatic stellate cell activation
Hepatology
51
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2010
Homo sapiens, Rattus norvegicus
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Pajares, M.A.; Alvarez, L.; Perez-Sala, D.
How are mammalian methionine adenosyltransferases regulated in the liver? A focus on redox stress
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587
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Rattus norvegicus
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