EC Number   |
Substrates |
Organism |
Products  |
Reversibility |
|---|
   2.7.11.30 | more |
activin receptor-like kinase-7, ALK7, induces apoptosis through activation of MAPKs, e.g. SEK1, in a Smad3-dependent mechanism in hepatoma cells |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
ALK4 forms a complex with type II serine/threonine transmembrane receptor ActRIIB or ActRII and activin for initiation of signaling, ALK3 forms a complex with bone morphogenetic protein-2 |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
ALK7 induces apoptosis of pancreatic beta cells and beta cell lines via Smad2-caspase3 pathways causing diabetes of type 1 and 2, ALK7 activation suppresses Akt activation |
Rattus norvegicus |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
diverse ligand members of the TGF-beta family interact with a limited number of receptors in a combinatorial manner to activate two downstream Smad pathways |
Rattus norvegicus |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
in TGF-beta signaling, phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad3 form a complex with tumor suppressor Smad4, the complex is translocated to the nucleus, nuclear translocation of Smad2 and Smad3 in absence of Smad4 is not sufficient for TGF-beta-induced transcriptional responses, Smad4 mutations occur in some human cancers and inactivate the TGF-beta signaling, overview |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
TGF-beta is responsible for induction of growth arrest in cells via the transforming growth factor-beta receptor I, the inhibition can be blocked by cell treatment with SD-093overview |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
TGF-beta mediates activation of Smad2 and Smad3 in a differentiated way dependent on the developmental and activationstages of the cells, regulation, overview |
Rattus norvegicus |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
TGF-beta regulates the activation state of endothelium via two opposing type I receptor/Smad pathways: ALK1 induces Smad1/5 phosphorylation leading to increased endothelial cell proliferation and migration, while ALK5 promotes Smad2/3 activation and inhibits both processes, regulation overview |
Mus musculus |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
TGF-beta signaling is involved in a wide range of cellular processes and various disease states in humans, R-Smad phosphorylation plays a key role |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 2.7.11.30 | more |
TGF-beta signals via its receptor type I and type II, ALK5 mediates most of the TGF-beta signaling, misexpression of ALK2, being constitutively active, in nontransforming ventricular, endocardial cells causes epithelial-mesenchymal transformation, EMT, which can be inhibited by Smad6, since ALK2 alone is sufficient to cause EMT, overview |
Gallus gallus |
? |
- |
? |
