EC Number   |
General Information |
Reference |
|---|
    4.1.1.22 | evolution |
the enzyme belongs to the family of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate-dependent decarboxylases |
747573 |
| 4.1.1.22 | malfunction |
filaggrin expression in cultured keratinocytes increased following histamine depletion. Histidine decarboxylase expression is increased in the epidermis of patients with eczema |
747438 |
| 4.1.1.22 | malfunction |
truncated forms of the enzyme are related to the Gilles de la Tourette syndrome, phenotype MIM number 137580. Single nucleotide polymorphisms are related to nicotine dependence and other additive behaviors. Gene-disease associations and common pathologies, detailed overview |
748845 |
| 4.1.1.22 | metabolism |
L-histidine decarboxylase is the rate-limiting enzyme for histamine biosynthesis |
-, 749082 |
| 4.1.1.22 | more |
active site residues of the dimeric enzyme are Tyr334B, Asp273A, Lys305A, and Ser354B, which are involved in catalysis |
747573 |
| 4.1.1.22 | more |
structural and functional analogies and differences between histidine decarboxylase and aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.28) molecular networks, overview. Human histidine decarboxylase (HDC) and dopa decarboxylase (DDC) are highly homologous enzymes responsible for the synthesis of biogenic amines (BA) like histamine, and serotonin and dopamine, respectively |
748845 |
| 4.1.1.22 | physiological function |
human oxyntic mucosa contains four major types of neuroendocrine cells (ECL, ghrelin, serotonin and somatostatin cells). ECL cells are the most abundant type, and they produce histamine. The histamine-synthesizing ability of ECL cells is based on cytosolic HDC. Histamine might be transported by VMAT-2 into the secretory vesicles |
749421 |
| 4.1.1.22 | physiological function |
L-histidine decarboxylase (HDC) is the enzyme responsible for histamine biosynthesis in tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) neurons of the posterior hypothalamus, the rate-limiting enzyme for histamine biosynthesis might be upregulated during chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (REM-SD) because histamine plays a major role in maintaining wakefulness. Upregulation of L-HDC within the tuberomammillary complex during chronic REM-SD is responsible for maintaining wakefulness. Chronic loss of sleep causes the rat to manifest a number of pathologies or syndromes |
-, 749082 |
| 4.1.1.22 | physiological function |
lipopolysaccharide, house dust mite (HDM) extract, and cytokines, which are implicated in allergic inflammation, promote the expression of the enzyme and upregulate histamine levels in keratinocytes. Actively produced histamine influences keratinocyte differentiation, suggesting functional relevance of the axis to atopic dermatitis. HDC expression in keratinocytes is increased in atopic dermatitis |
747438 |
| 4.1.1.22 | physiological function |
neuronal histamine exerts anorexigenic effects in chicks |
748767 |
