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IUBMB Comments Acts with EC 2.4.1.213 (glucosylglycerol-phosphate synthase) to form glucosylglycerol, an osmolyte that endows cyanobacteria with resistance to salt.
Synonyms
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GG-phosphate phosphatase
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GGPPS
composed of an N-terminal glucosylglycerol phosphatase domain fused with a C-terminal glucosylglycerol synthase domain
Glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase
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glucosylglycerol phosphate phosphatase
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glucosylglycerol-phosphate phosphatase
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salt tolerance protein A
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salt tolerance protein A, StpA
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2-O-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O = 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)glycerol + phosphate
2-O-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O = 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)glycerol + phosphate
Acts with EC 2.4.1.213, glucosylglycerol-phosphate synthase to form glucosylglycerol, an osmolyte that endows cyanobacteria with resistance to salt
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2-O-(alpha-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O = 2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)glycerol + phosphate
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hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
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hydrolysis of phosphoric monoester
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MetaCyc
glucosylglycerol biosynthesis
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2-O-(alpha-D-glucopyranosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate phosphohydrolase
Acts with EC 2.4.1.213 (glucosylglycerol-phosphate synthase) to form glucosylglycerol, an osmolyte that endows cyanobacteria with resistance to salt.
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2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphate
additional information
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Substrates: involved in cyanobacterial osmotic response to salt shock
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2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphate
Substrates: -
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2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O
2-(beta-D-glucosyl)-sn-glycerol + phosphate
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Substrates: -
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additional information
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Substrates: involved in cyanobacterial osmotic response to salt shock
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Acute Lung Injury
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency hyperactivates macrophages and aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
Adenocarcinoma of Lung
Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase contributes to tumour metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Angiomyolipoma
Evidence for a role of geranylgeranylation in renal angiomyolipoma and renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma.
Bone Diseases
Moiety-Linkage Map Reveals Selective Nonbisphosphonate Inhibitors of Human Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase.
Cardiomegaly
The alteration of protein prenylation induces cardiomyocyte hypertrophy through Rheb-mTORC1 signalling and leads to chronic heart failure.
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Lipid-induced Muscle Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by GGPPS via Modulation of the RhoA/Rho Kinase Signaling Pathway.
glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase deficiency
Cholesterol metabolic enzyme Ggpps regulates epicardium development and ventricular wall architecture integrity in mice.
glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase deficiency
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) regulates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-fibrosis progression by determining hepatic glucose/fatty acid preference under high-fat diet conditions.
glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase deficiency
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency aggravates lung fibrosis in mice by modulating TGF-?1/BMP-4 signaling.
glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase deficiency
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency hyperactivates macrophages and aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
glucosylglycerol 3-phosphatase deficiency
GGPPS deficiency aggravates CCl4-induced liver injury by inducing hepatocyte apoptosis.
Hematologic Neoplasms
Metal coordination is crucial for GGPPS-bisphosphonates interactions: A crystallographic and computational analysis.
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency aggravates lung fibrosis in mice by modulating TGF-?1/BMP-4 signaling.
Insulin Resistance
An early response transcription factor, Egr-1, enhances insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes with chronic hyperinsulinism.
Insulin Resistance
Egr-1 decreases adipocyte insulin sensitivity by tilting PI3K/Akt and MAPK signal balance in mice.
Insulin Resistance
Lipid-induced Muscle Insulin Resistance Is Mediated by GGPPS via Modulation of the RhoA/Rho Kinase Signaling Pathway.
Liver Cirrhosis
HSC-specific knockdown of GGPPS alleviated CCl4-induced chronic liver fibrosis through mediating RhoA/Rock pathway.
Lung Injury
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency aggravates lung fibrosis in mice by modulating TGF-?1/BMP-4 signaling.
Lung Injury
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency hyperactivates macrophages and aggravates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Evidence for a role of geranylgeranylation in renal angiomyolipoma and renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma.
Lymphatic Metastasis
Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase contributes to tumour metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Lymphoma, T-Cell
Roles of GTP and Rho GTPases in pancreatic islet beta cell function and dysfunction.
Metabolic Syndrome
Insulin Resistance-Related Proteins Are Overexpressed in Patients and Rats Treated With Olanzapine and Are Reverted by Pueraria in the Rat Model.
Neoplasm Metastasis
Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase contributes to tumour metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Neoplasms
Moiety-Linkage Map Reveals Selective Nonbisphosphonate Inhibitors of Human Geranylgeranyl Diphosphate Synthase.
Neoplasms
Overexpression of geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase contributes to tumour metastasis and correlates with poor prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma.
Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase (GGPPS) regulates non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)-fibrosis progression by determining hepatic glucose/fatty acid preference under high-fat diet conditions.
Parasitic Diseases
Metal coordination is crucial for GGPPS-bisphosphonates interactions: A crystallographic and computational analysis.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase deficiency aggravates lung fibrosis in mice by modulating TGF-?1/BMP-4 signaling.
Schistosomiasis
Characterization of farnesyl diphosphate synthase and geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase in Schistosoma mansoni: potential drug targets.
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additional information
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non-radiometric assay got glucosylglycerol synthase/phosphatase
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strain DSM 14405
UniProt
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UniProt
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activity is completely absent in mutant strain 4, salt-sensitive mutant of strain PCC 6803
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PCC 6803
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strain PCC 6803
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the amount of stpA mRNA is increased by growth of the cells in the presence of NaCl concentratiins above 170 mM
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Highest Expressing Human Cell Lines
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Cell Line Links
Gene Links
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physiological function
deletion of the entire coding sequence of response regulator slr1588 compromises the expression of the downstream situated StpA gene, which encodes glucosylglycerol-phosphate phosphatase. Mutation of slr1588 by deleting the N-terminal part of this protein (1slr1588-F976) does not affect StpA expression, glucosylglycerol accumulation as well as salt tolerance, while the mutation of StpA results in the a salt-sensitive phenotype. In the 1slr1588-F976 mutant, SpsA is up-regulated but sucrose content is lowered due to increased invertase activity
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STPA_SYNY3
Synechocystis sp. (strain ATCC 27184 / PCC 6803 / Kazusa)
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46542
Swiss-Prot
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Q5GMP2_9GAMM
768
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85453
TrEMBL
other Location (Reliability: 3 )
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46000
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x * 46000, SDS-PAGE
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Ni-NTA column chromatography
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expressed in Escherichia coli strain LMG194
expression in Escherichia coli
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synthesis
plasmid-bound expression of glucosylglycerol synthase and glucosylglycerol phosphatase from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 enables alpha-D-glucosylglycerol synthesis exclusively in osmotically stressed cells of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Upon deletion of both the glgA encoded glycogen synthase and the otsA encoded trehalose-6-phosphate synthase, the alpha-D-glucosylglycerol concentration in culture supernatants is increased from 0.5 mM in to 2.9 mM. Upon nitrogen limitation, transgenic Corynebacterium produces more than 10 mM alpha-D-glucosylglycerol (about 2 g/l)
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Hagemann, M.; Erdmann, N.
Activation and pathway of glucosylglycerol biosynthesis in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Microbiology
140
1427-1431
1994
Synechocystis sp.
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Hagemann, M.; Richter, S.; Zuther, E.; Schoor, A.
Characterization of a glucosylglycerol-phosphate-accumulating salt-sensitive mutant of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803
Arch. Microbiol.
166
83-91
1996
Synechocystis sp.
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Hagemann, M.; Schoor, A.; Jeanjean, R.; Zuther, E.; Joset, F.
The gene stpA from Synechocystis sp. strain PCC 6803 encodes for the glucosylglycerol-phosphate phosphatase involved in cyanobacterial salt adaptation
J. Bacteriol.
179
1727-1733
1997
Synechocystis sp.
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Schoor, A.; Hagemann, M.; Erdmann, N.
Non-radiometric assay for glucosylglycerol-synthesizing enzymes involved in the cyanobacterial salt adaptation
J. Microbiol. Methods
27
139-145
1996
Synechocystis sp.
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Hagemann, M.; Ribbeck-Busch, K.; Klaehn, S.; Hasse, D.; Steinbruch, R.; Berg, G.
The plant-associated bacterium Stenotrophomonas rhizophila expresses a new enzyme for the synthesis of the compatible solute glucosylglycerol
J. Bacteriol.
190
5898-5906
2008
Stenotrophomonas rhizophila (Q5GMP2), Stenotrophomonas rhizophila
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Song, K.; Hagemann, M.; Tan, X.; Lu, X.
The response regulator Slr1588 regulates spsA but is not crucial for salt acclimation of Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Front. Microbiol.
8
1176
2017
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Q55034)
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Roenneke, B.; Rosenfeldt, N.; Derya, S.M.; Novak, J.F.; Marin, K.; Kraemer, R.; Seibold, G.M.
Production of the compatible solute alpha-D-glucosylglycerol by metabolically engineered Corynebacterium glutamicum
Microb. Cell Fact.
17
94
2018
Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 (Q55034)
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