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Information on EC 2.3.1.179 - beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase II and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q9C9P4
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2.3.1.179 beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase IIIUBMB Comments
Involved in the dissociated (or type II) fatty acid biosynthesis system that occurs in plants and bacteria. While the substrate specificity of this enzyme is very similar to that of EC 2.3.1.41, beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I, it differs in that palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] is not a good substrate of EC 2.3.1.41 but is an excellent substrate of this enzyme [1,2]. The fatty-acid composition of Escherichia coli changes as a function of growth temperature, with the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increasing with lower growth temperature. This enzyme controls the temperature-dependent regulation of fatty-acid composition, with mutants lacking this acivity being deficient in the elongation of palmitoleate to cis-vaccenate at low temperatures [3,4].
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Word Map
- 2.3.1.179
- cerulenin
- malonyl-acp
- acyl-acps
- drug development
-
cis-vaccenic
- stearoyl-acp
- thiolactomycin
- fasii
-
claisen
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
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a (Z)-hexadec-9-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
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a (Z)-3-oxooctadec-11-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]
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Synonyms
kas ii, kasii, fabf1, beta-ketoacyl-acp synthase ii, fabb/f, fatty acid synthesis type ii, 3-ketoacyl-acp synthase ii, beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase ii, kas-ii, beta-ketoacyl synthase ii, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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-, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
(Z)-hexadec-9-enoyl-[acyl-carrier protein]:malonyl-[acyl-carrier protein] C-acyltransferase (decarboxylating)
Involved in the dissociated (or type II) fatty acid biosynthesis system that occurs in plants and bacteria. While the substrate specificity of this enzyme is very similar to that of EC 2.3.1.41, beta-ketoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase I, it differs in that palmitoleoyl-[acyl-carrier protein] is not a good substrate of EC 2.3.1.41 but is an excellent substrate of this enzyme [1,2]. The fatty-acid composition of Escherichia coli changes as a function of growth temperature, with the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids increasing with lower growth temperature. This enzyme controls the temperature-dependent regulation of fatty-acid composition, with mutants lacking this acivity being deficient in the elongation of palmitoleate to cis-vaccenate at low temperatures [3,4].
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
9077-10-5
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SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
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KAS II catalyzes the elongation of 16:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] to 18:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] in plastids
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additional information
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KAS II catalyzes the elongation of 16:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] to 18:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] in plastids
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additional information
?
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KASII elongates 16:0-acyl carrier protein to 18:0-acyl carrier protein in the plastid, where it competes with three other enzymes at the first major branch point in fatty acid biosynthesis
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NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
KAS II catalyzes the elongation of 16:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] to 18:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] in plastids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
KAS II catalyzes the elongation of 16:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] to 18:0 fatty acid-[acyl-carrier-protein] in plastids
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
KASII elongates 16:0-acyl carrier protein to 18:0-acyl carrier protein in the plastid, where it competes with three other enzymes at the first major branch point in fatty acid biosynthesis
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-
?
pI VALUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
high KAS2 expression level, especially in cotyledonary stage embryos
additional information
additional information
KAS2 is expressed in all plant organs, except for roots and hypocotyls
additional information
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KAS2 is expressed in all plant organs, except for roots and hypocotyls
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). KASC2_ARATH
541
0
57600
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 3)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
L337F
the point mutation, mutant fab1-1, causes a partially deficient KAS2 activity
additional information
additional information
construction of a KAS2 T-DNA insertion mutant, the mutation causes arrest of embryonal development and embryo lethality, phenotype, overview
additional information
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construction of a KAS2 T-DNA insertion mutant, the mutation causes arrest of embryonal development and embryo lethality, phenotype, overview
additional information
transient silencing of the KASII genes in Nicotiana benthamiana for metabolic engineering of wax ester composition, simultaneous inhibition of the two KASII genes Nicotiana benthamiana is possible using three different RNAi constructs
additional information
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construction of KASII knockout mutants by T-DNA disruption, knockout alleles fab1-1 and fab1-2, strong seed-specific hairpin-RNAi reductions in FAB1 expression resulted in abortion of about 1/4 of the embryos in an apparent phenocopy of fab1-2 homozygosity, in less severe FAB1 hairpin-RNAi individuals, embryos developed normally and exhibited a 1:2:1 segregation ratio for palmitate accumulation, thus, early embryo development appears sensitive to elevated 16:0, whereas at later stages, up to 53% of 16:0, i.e. a 7-fold increase over wild-type levels, is tolerated, Fab1-1 mutant plants show about 60% of wild-type enzyme activity and about 17% palm-like oil accumulation compared to the wild-type plants, phenotypes, overview
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
AtKAS2, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, expression pattern, the promoter is active in various tissues, also in the embryo
gene KAS2, transient expression in Nicotiana bethaminana, in which both KASII genes are simultaneously inhibited via three different RNAi constructs, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection method
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
biotechnology
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modulating KASII activity is sufficient to convert the composition of a temperate seed oil into that of a palm-like tropical oil, overview
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Pidkowich, M.S.; Nguyen, H.T.; Heilmann, I.; Ischebeck, T.; Shanklin, J.
Modulating seed beta-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein synthase II level converts the composition of a temperate seed oil to that of a palm-like tropical oil
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
104
4742-4747
2007
Arabidopsis thaliana, Arabidopsis sp.
Hakozaki, H.; Park, J.I.; Endo, M.; Takada, Y.; Kazama, T.; Takeda, Y.; Suzuki, G.; Kawagishi-Kobayashi, M.; Watanabe, M.
Expression and developmental function of the 3-ketoacyl-ACP synthase2 gene in Arabidopsis thaliana
Genes Genet. Syst.
83
143-152
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9C9P4), Arabidopsis thaliana
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