Any feedback?
Information on EC 1.1.1.267 - 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase and Organism(s) Arabidopsis thaliana and UniProt Accession Q9XFS9
for references in articles please use BRENDA:EC1.1.1.267Please wait a moment until all data is loaded. This message will disappear when all data is loaded.
EC Tree
1.1.1.267 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomeraseIUBMB Comments
The enzyme requires Mn2+, Co2+ or Mg2+ for activity, with the first being most effective. The enzyme from several eubacteria, including Escherichia coli, forms part of an alternative nonmevalonate pathway for terpenoid biosynthesis (for diagram, {terp/nonMVA}). The mechanism has been shown to be a retroaldol/aldol reaction .
Specify your search results
Word Map
- 1.1.1.267
-
isoprenoids
- fosmidomycin
- plasmodium
- falciparum
-
antimalarial
-
terpenoids
-
isopentenyl
-
non-mevalonate
- mevalonate
- isoprene
- phosphonate
- drug development
-
dimethylallyl
-
mevalonate-independent
- medicine
- biotechnology
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Arabidopsis thaliana
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Reaction Schemes
Synonyms
1-deoxy-d-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase, 1-deoxy-d-xylulose-5-phosphate, pfdxr, dxp reductoisomerase, mep synthase, cadxr, doxp reductoisomerase, deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, sadxr, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate isomeroreductase
-
-
-
-
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate synthase
-
-
-
-
deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase
-
-
-
-
DXP reductoisomerase
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
redox reaction
-
-
-
-
oxidation
-
-
-
-
reduction
-
-
-
-
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
BRENDA
-
-, -
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate:NADP+ oxidoreductase (isomerizing)
The enzyme requires Mn2+, Co2+ or Mg2+ for activity, with the first being most effective. The enzyme from several eubacteria, including Escherichia coli, forms part of an alternative nonmevalonate pathway for terpenoid biosynthesis (for diagram, {terp/nonMVA}). The mechanism has been shown to be a retroaldol/aldol reaction [2].
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
210756-42-6
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NAD(P)H + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NAD(P)+
the forward reaction is preferred
-
-
r
2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + 2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
? + NADPH
-
in reaction mixtures containing 0.150.25 mM IspC from Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Arabidopsis thaliana, the reversible reaction can be followed over thousands of reaction cycles. No fragment exchange, and the frequency of exchange, if any, is less than 5 p.p.m. per catalytic cycle
-
-
r
2C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + hydroxyacetone + NADP+
? + NADPH
-
reaction mixtures containing 0.23-0.25 mM IspC from Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
?
glycolaldehyde phosphate + hydroxyacetone + NADPH
? + NADP+
-
reaction mixtures containing 0.21-0.34 mM IspC from Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Arabidopsis thaliana
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
-
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
-
-
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
second committed step in isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via the plastidial nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, overview
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
second step of the deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate/methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway with end product isopentenylphosphate
-
-
r
additional information
?
-
participation in the control of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
IspC does not catalyze the isomerisation of 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate to give 1-deoxy-L-ribulose 5-phosphate. Active site of IspC is located close to the surface, a flexible loop at the active site (amino acids 206216) is able to fold into at least three different conformations
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
additional information
?
-
participation in the control of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
second committed step in isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis via the plastidial nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis, overview
-
-
?
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate + NADPH + H+
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate + NADP+
second step of the deoxyxylulose 5-phosphate/methylerythritol 4-phosphate pathway with end product isopentenylphosphate
-
-
r
COFACTOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Mg2+
a divalent cation is absolutely required, optimal at 10 mM, the enzyme prefers Mn2+ or Mg2+
Mn2+
a divalent cation is absolutely required, the enzyme prefers Mn2+ or Mg2+
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.132
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
pH 8.0, 37°C, recombinant pseudomature enzyme
0.972
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
pH 8.0, 37°C, recombinant pseudomature enzyme
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
4.4
1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate
pH 8.0, 37°C, recombinant pseudomature enzyme
1.6
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate
pH 8.0, 37°C, recombinant pseudomature enzyme
Ki VALUE [mM]
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.000085
fosmidomycin
pH 8.0, 37°C, recombinant pseudomature enzyme
SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE RANGE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
physiological function
-
a dxr gene T-DNA insertion mutant shows albino and dwarf phenotype. The mutant does not bolt, has a significantly reduced number of trichomes and most of the stomata cannot close normally in the leaves. Two transgenic co-suppression lines produce more yellow inflorescences and albino sepals with no trichomes. The transcription levels of genes involved in trichome initiation are strongly affected in the mutants. Exogenous application of gibberellic acid GA3 can partially rescue the dwarf phenotype and the trichome initiation of the insertion mutant, and exogenous application of abscisic acid can rescue the stomata closure defect
physiological function
-
in transgenic spike lavender plants (Lavandula latifolia) constitutively expressing the Arabidopsis thaliana DXR gene, a clear correlation between transcript accumulation and monoterpene production cannot be established. The DXR enzyme does not play a crucial role in the synthesis of plastidial monoterpene precursors
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). DXR_ARATH
477
0
51964
Swiss-Prot
Chloroplast (Reliability: 3)
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
N-terminal transit peptide for plastid localization
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway gene-disrupted Escherichia coli mutants. DXR is functionally active in Escherichia coli mutant DYM1
additional information
-
2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway gene-disrupted Escherichia coli mutants. DXR is functionally active in Escherichia coli mutant DYM1
pH STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
STORAGE STABILITY
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
-20°C, purifed recombinant enzyme, 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, with 50 mM KCl, 10% v/v glycerol, and 10 mM DTT, 6 months, 56% remaining activity
-80°C, purifed recombinant enzyme, 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, with 50 mM KCl, 10% v/v glycerol, and 10 mM DTT, 6 months, no loss of activity
4°C, purifed recombinant enzyme, 0.1 M Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, with 50 mM KCl, 10% v/v glycerol, and 10 mM DTT, 6 months, 4% remaining activity
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
recombinant His-tagged enzyme in the pseudomature form without plastid-targeting sequence 62fold from Escherichia coli
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene ispC, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, functional expression of the His-tagged enzyme in the pseudomature form without plastid-targeting sequence in recombinant Escherichia coli
gene ispC, expression analysis, light-dependent expression pattern, overview
into vector pMW118, expressed in Escherichia coli DYM1 transformant
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Carretero-Paulet, L.; Ahumada, I.; Cunillera, N.; Rodriguez-Concepcion, M.; Ferrer, A.; Boronat, A.; Campos, N.
Expression and molecular analysis of the Arabidopsis DXR gene encoding 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase, the first committed enzyme of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate pathway
Plant Physiol.
129
1581-1591
2002
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9XFS9)
Rohdich, F.; Lauw, S.; Kaiser, J.; Feicht, R.; Koehler, P.; Bacher, A.; Eisenreich, W.
Isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants - 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate synthase (IspC protein) of Arabidopsis thaliana
FEBS J.
273
4446-4458
2006
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9XFS9), Arabidopsis thaliana
Hsieh, M.H.; Goodman, H.M.
The Arabidopsis IspH homolog is involved in the plastid nonmevalonate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis
Plant Physiol.
138
641-653
2005
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9XFS9)
Sando, T.; Takeno, S.; Watanabe, N.; Okumoto, H.; Kuzuyama, T.; Yamashita, A.; Hattori, M.; Ogasawara, N.; Fukusaki, E.; Kobayashi, A.
Cloning and characterization of the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway genes of a natural-rubber producing plant, Hevea brasiliensis
Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem.
72
2903-2917
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana (Q9XFS9), Arabidopsis thaliana, Escherichia coli (P45568), Escherichia coli, Hevea brasiliensis (A9ZN08), Hevea brasiliensis
Lauw, S.; Illarionova, V.; Bacher, A.; Rohdich, F.; Eisenreich, W.
Biosynthesis of isoprenoids: studies on the mechanism of 2C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate synthase
FEBS J.
275
4060-4073
2008
Arabidopsis thaliana, Bacillus subtilis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Escherichia coli (P45568), Escherichia coli
Xing, S.; Miao, J.; Li, S.; Qin, G.; Tang, S.; Li, H.; Gu, H.; Qu, L.J.
Disruption of the 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductoisomerase (DXR) gene results in albino, dwarf and defects in trichome initiation and stomata closure in Arabidopsis
Cell Res.
20
688-700
2010
Arabidopsis thaliana
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 1.1.1.267)
Use of this online version of BRENDA is free under the CC BY 4.0 license. See terms of use for full details.
Release 2023.1 (January 2023)
Legal
Curated at
Member of
