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Information on EC 3.1.3.16 - protein-serine/threonine phosphatase

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EC Tree
     3 Hydrolases
         3.1 Acting on ester bonds
             3.1.3 Phosphoric-monoester hydrolases
                3.1.3.16 protein-serine/threonine phosphatase
IUBMB Comments
A group of enzymes removing the serine- or threonine-bound phosphate group from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes that have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase (cf. EC 3.1.3.48 protein-tyrosine-phosphatase). The spleen enzyme also acts on phenolic phosphates and phosphamides (cf. EC 3.9.1.1, phosphoamidase).
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This record set is specific for:
UNIPROT: P62136
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Word Map
The enzyme appears in viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
calcineurin, protein phosphatase, pac-1, dusp1, dusp6, serine/threonine phosphatase, pp2ac, ppm1d, phosphoprotein phosphatase, laforin, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
eIF2alpha phosphatase
-
phosphorylase phosphatase
-
PPP1CA
isoform
protein phosphatase 1
-
protein phosphatase 2A
-
protein serine/threonine
-
serine-threonine phosphatase
-
serine/threonine phosphatase
-
serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1
-
type-1 phosphatase
-
3-hydroxy 3-methylglutaryl CoenzymeA reductase phosphatase
-
-
-
-
Aspergillus awamori acid protein phosphatase
-
-
-
-
BCKDH phosphatase
-
-
-
-
branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase phosphatase
-
-
-
-
calcineurin
-
-
-
-
Calcineurin A1
-
-
-
-
Calcineurin A2
-
-
-
-
CaM-kinase phosphatase
-
-
-
-
CaMKPase
-
-
-
-
casein phosphatase
-
-
-
-
DRES10
-
-
-
-
Fibroblast growth factor inducible protein 13
-
-
-
-
FIN13
-
-
-
-
Flap wing protein
-
-
-
-
HMG-CoA reductase phosphatase
-
-
-
-
Magnesium-dependent calcium inhibitable phosphatase
-
-
-
-
MCPP
-
-
-
-
Microtubule star protein
-
-
-
-
phosphatase 2A
-
-
-
-
phosphatase 2B
-
-
-
-
phosphatase C-II
-
-
-
-
Phosphatase esp1
-
-
-
-
phosphatase H-II
-
-
-
-
phosphatase I
-
-
-
-
phosphatase IB
-
-
-
-
phosphatase II
-
-
-
-
phosphatase III
-
-
-
-
phosphatase IV
-
-
-
-
phosphatase SP
-
-
-
-
phosphoprotein phosphatase
-
-
-
-
phosphopyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
-
-
-
-
phosphospectrin phosphatase
-
-
-
-
PK-Pase
-
-
-
-
polycation modulated (PCM-) phosphatase
-
-
-
-
PP-1A
-
-
-
-
PP-1B
-
-
-
-
PP-1G
-
-
-
-
PP2A-alpha
-
-
-
-
PP2A-beta
-
-
-
-
PP2C
-
-
-
-
PP2C-alpha
-
-
-
-
PP2C-beta
-
-
-
-
PP2C-delta
-
-
-
-
PP2C-gamma
-
-
-
-
Pp4
-
-
-
-
PP5
-
-
-
-
PP6
-
-
-
-
PPEF
-
-
-
-
PPN
-
-
-
-
PPT
-
-
-
-
protein D phosphatase
-
-
-
-
protein phosphatase
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase 1A
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase 1B
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase 1C
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 delta
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase magnesium-dependent 1 gamma
-
-
-
-
Protein phosphatase with EF calcium-binding domain
-
-
-
-
PSPase
-
-
-
-
Retinal degeneration C protein
-
-
-
-
Suppressor protein SDS21
-
-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
hydrolysis of phosphoric ester
-
-
-
-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
protein-serine/threonine-phosphate phosphohydrolase
A group of enzymes removing the serine- or threonine-bound phosphate group from a wide range of phosphoproteins, including a number of enzymes that have been phosphorylated under the action of a kinase (cf. EC 3.1.3.48 protein-tyrosine-phosphatase). The spleen enzyme also acts on phenolic phosphates and phosphamides (cf. EC 3.9.1.1, phosphoamidase).
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9025-75-6
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
4-nitrophenyl phosphate + H2O
4-nitrophenol + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
phosphoprotein + H2O
protein + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
[elongation factor 2alpha]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[elongation factor 2alpha]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[MAP1B protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[MAP1B protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
enzyme PP1 dephosphorylates mode II sites only of MAP1B phosphorylation
-
-
?
[MAP2 protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[MAP2 protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[tau protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[tau protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
phosphoprotein + H2O
protein + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
[elongation factor 2alpha]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[elongation factor 2alpha]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[MAP1B protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[MAP1B protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
enzyme PP1 dephosphorylates mode II sites only of MAP1B phosphorylation
-
-
?
[MAP2 protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[MAP2 protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
[tau protein]-serine/threonine phosphate + H2O
[tau protein]-serine/threonine + phosphate
show the reaction diagram
-
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Mn2+
the catalytic active site contains two Mn2+ ions, Mn2+-bound enzyme always exhibits the highest activity and stability
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
calyculin A
-
cyclosporin A
-
DARPP-32
-
-
guanabenz
a small molecule drug that specifically inhibits translation by blocking the activity of elongation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphatases, specifically CreP:PP1 and GADD34:PP1
I-1
the regulatory subunit I-1 (PPP1R1A) is a selective and potent enzyme PP1 inhibitor that facilitates crosstalk between different protein phosphatases and kinases. Protein kinase A-dependent phosphorylation of Thr35 activates I-1. As such, PKA-dependent I-1 activation and subsequent PP1 inhibition form a positive feedback loop amplifying the phosphorylation of several substrates during beta-adrenoceptor (beta-AR) stimulation. Dephosphorylation of I-1 Thr35 is mediated by enzymes PP2A and calcineurin, thereby creating additional crosstalk between different phosphatases
-
Inhibitor-2
-
-
microcystin
-
nodularin
okadaic acid
salubrinal
a small molecule drug that specifically inhibits translation by blocking the activity of elongation factor 2alpha (eIF2alpha) phosphatases, specifically CreP:PP1 and GADD34:PP1
tacrolimus
i.e. FK506
tautomycin
additional information
-
KM VALUE [mM]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
0.00276
4-nitrophenyl phosphate
-
TURNOVER NUMBER [1/s]
SUBSTRATE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
13.8
4-nitrophenyl phosphate
-
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
PP1 is a major neuronal Ser/Thr protein phosphatase
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
additional information
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
many Ser/Thr phosphatases are associated with the neuronal microtubule cytoskeleton, either directly, or indirectly through microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). The regulated microtubule attachment of these major enzymes allows exquisite spatial modulation of MAPs phosphorylation and microtubule assembly and stability
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
among the PP1 isoforms, PP1beta appears to be preferentially targeted to the myofilaments
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
evolution
analysis of mechanisms controlling the phosphorylation of these proteins and focus on the role of altered dephosphorylation via local type-1, type-2A and type-2B phosphatases (PP1, PP2A, and PP2B, also known as calcineurin, respectively)
malfunction
metabolism
multi-protein cytoskeletal scaffolds can also influence the regulation of these phosphatases, with important implications for neuronal signalling and homeostasis. Deregulation of the cytoskeletal scaffolds and phosphatase dysfunction are associated with many neurological diseases. PP2A- and PP1-dependent regulation of neurofilament architecture and regulation of the neuronal actin cytoskeleton by PP2A, PP1 and calcineurin, overview
physiological function
additional information
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
PP1A_HUMAN
330
0
37512
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 2)
PDB
SCOP
CATH
UNIPROT
ORGANISM
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
38500
x * 38500, calculated from amino acid sequence
SUBUNIT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
?
x * 38500, calculated from amino acid sequence
additional information
CRYSTALLIZATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
in complex with nodularin-R and tautomycin, PP1:nodularin-R is crystallized in 20% (w/v) PEG 3350, 0.2 M NaI. PP1:tautomycin is crystallized in 0.1 M Tris pH 8.0, 30% (w/v) PEG 6K, 1M LiCl
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
Ni-NTA column chromatography, Mono Q column chromatography, and Superdex 75 gel filtration
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
expressed in Escherichia coli
expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells with the GroEL-ES chaperone
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Kelker, M.S.; Page, R.; Peti, W.
Crystal structures of protein phosphatase-1 bound to nodularin-R and tautomycin: a novel scaffold for structure-based drug design of serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors
J. Mol. Biol.
385
11-21
2009
Homo sapiens (P62136)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Peti, W.; Nairn, A.C.; Page, R.
Structural basis for protein phosphatase 1 regulation and specificity
FEBS J.
280
596-611
2013
Homo sapiens (P62136)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Gregorio, L.K.; Esteves, S.L.; Fardilha, M.
Protein phosphatase 1 catalytic isoforms: specificity toward interacting proteins
Transl. Res.
164
366-391
2014
Homo sapiens (P36873), Homo sapiens (P62136), Homo sapiens (P62140)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Peti, W.; Page, R.
Strategies to make protein serine/threonine (PP1, calcineurin) and tyrosine phosphatases (PTP1B) druggable Achieving specificity by targeting substrate and regulatory protein interaction sites
Bioorg. Med. Chem.
23
2781-2785
2015
Homo sapiens (P62136), Homo sapiens (Q08209)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Heijman, J.; Ghezelbash, S.; Wehrens, X.H.T.; Dobrev, D.
Serine/threonine phosphatases in atrial fibrillation
J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.
103
110-120
2017
Homo sapiens (P62136), Homo sapiens (P67775), Homo sapiens (Q08209)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Hoffman, A.; Taleski, G.; Sontag, E.
The protein serine/threonine phosphatases PP2A, PP1 and calcineurin A triple threat in the regulation of the neuronal cytoskeleton
Mol. Cell. Neurosci.
84
119-131
2017
Homo sapiens (P62136), Homo sapiens (P67775), Homo sapiens (Q08209)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team