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Information on EC 2.3.1.21 - carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase and Organism(s) Mus musculus and UniProt Accession Q8BGD5

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EC Tree
IUBMB Comments
Broad specificity to acyl group, over the range C8 to C18; optimal activity with palmitoyl-CoA. cf. EC 2.3.1.7 carnitine O-acetyltransferase and EC 2.3.1.137 carnitine O-octanoyltransferase.
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This record set is specific for:
Mus musculus
UNIPROT: Q8BGD5
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The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Mus musculus
The expected taxonomic range for this enzyme is: Eukaryota, Bacteria
Synonyms
cpt1a, carnitine palmitoyltransferase, cpt i, carnitine palmitoyltransferase i, cpt-1, cpt ii, cpt1b, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1, cpt1c, more
SYNONYM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
acylcarnitine transferase
-
-
-
-
carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A
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-
carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1c
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carnitine palmitoyltransferase
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-
-
-
carnitine palmitoyltransferase I
carnitine palmitoyltransferase II
-
-
-
-
carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1
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-
carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1c
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carnitine palmitoyltransferase-A
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-
-
-
CPT
-
-
-
-
CPT I
CPT-1
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-
CPT-A
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-
-
-
CPT-B
-
-
-
-
CPT1A
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-
CPT1c
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-
L-carnitine palmitoyltransferase
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-
-
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palmitoylcarnitine transferase
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-
-
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palmitoyltransferase, carnitine
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-
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
Acyl group transfer
PATHWAY SOURCE
PATHWAYS
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-
SYSTEMATIC NAME
IUBMB Comments
palmitoyl-CoA:L-carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase
Broad specificity to acyl group, over the range C8 to C18; optimal activity with palmitoyl-CoA. cf. EC 2.3.1.7 carnitine O-acetyltransferase and EC 2.3.1.137 carnitine O-octanoyltransferase.
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY hide
9068-41-1
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT                       
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acyl-CoA + L-carnitine
CoA + L-acylcarnitine
show the reaction diagram
palmitoyl-CoA + L-carnitine
CoA + L-palmitoylcarnitine
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate) hide
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product) hide
LITERATURE
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
acyl-CoA + L-carnitine
CoA + L-acylcarnitine
show the reaction diagram
palmitoyl-CoA + L-carnitine
CoA + L-palmitoylcarnitine
show the reaction diagram
additional information
?
-
-
CPT1c is necessary for the regulation of energy homeostasis, and does not catalyze acyl transfer from various fatty acyl-CoAs to carnitine
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-
?
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
C75-CoA
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potent competitive inhibition, binds tightly but reversibly to CPT I, C75 applied in vivo is transformed to C75-CoA and inhibits fatty acid oxidation, a single intraperitoneal injection of C75 in mice produced short-term inhibition of CPT I activity in mitochondria from the liver, soleus, and pancreas, inhibition mechanism, overview
CoA esters of certain oxirane carboxylic acids
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irreversible, CPT I but not CPT II
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etomoxiryl-CoA
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-
malonyl-CoA
octyl glucoside
-
complete loss of CPT I activity, no loss of CPT II activity
Triton X-100
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complete loss of CPT I activity, no loss of CPT II activity
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
IMAGE
C75
-
a potential drug for the treatment of obesity, a competitive, irreversible inhibitor of fatty acid synthase, and a malonyl-CoA analogue that antagonizes the allosteric inhibitory effect of malonyl-CoA on CPT I
carbacyclin
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carbacyclin induces CPT-1 mRNA expression through peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor, PPAR
daidzein
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genistein
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L-carnitine
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SPECIFIC ACTIVITY [µmol/min/mg]
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
0.0013
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cell line 3T3-L1, CPT I, 6 days after differentiation
0.0062
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cell line 3T3-L1, CPT II, 6 days after differentiation
additional information
-
quantitative expression analysis
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
7.4
-
assay at
8
-
assay at
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
30
-
assay at
37
-
assay at
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
isoform CPT1C
UniProt
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
SOURCE
brain-specific enzyme
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
CPT I and CPT II
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
CPT II, M-CPT I, L-CPT I
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
-
CPT II, L-CPT I
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
physiological function
CPT1C expression correlates inversely with mammalian target of rapamycin pathway activation, and contributes to rapamycin resistance in murine primary tumors. Tumor cells constitutively expressing CPT1C show increased fatty acid oxidation, ATP production, and resistance to glucose deprivation or hypoxia. Cancer cells lacking CPT1C produce less ATP and are more sensitive to metabolic stress. CPT1C depletion via siRNA suppresses xenograft tumor growth and metformin responsiveness in vivo
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION?
CPT1C_MOUSE
798
1
90030
Swiss-Prot
other Location (Reliability: 4)
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY hide
LITERATURE
additional information
-
disruption of the cpt1c gene results in lower body weight and decreased food intake, construction of CPT1c knockout mice, which exhibit decreased rates of fatty acid oxidation, which may contribute to their increased susceptibility to diet-induced obesity, overview
PURIFICATION (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
native enzyme partially by microsome preparation
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CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
gene cpt1c, expression in HEK-293T cells
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quantitative expression analysis
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EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
isoform CPT1C can be induced by hypoxia or glucose deprivation and is regulated by AMPKalpha
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Woeltje, K.F.; Esser, V.; Weis, B.C.; Cox, W.F.; Schroeder, J.G.; Liao, S.L.; Foster, D.W.; McGarry, J.D.
Inter-tissue and inter-species characteristics of the mitochondrial carnitine palmitoyltransferase enzyme system
J. Biol. Chem.
265
10714-10719
1990
Homo sapiens, Platyrrhini, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Brown, N.F.; Hill, J.K.; Esser, V.; Kirkland, J.L.; Corkey, B.E.; Foster, D.W.; McGarry, J.D.
Mouse white adipocytes and 3T3-L1 cells display an anomalous pattern of carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT) I isoform expression during differentiation. Inter-tissue and inter-species expression of CPT I and CPT II enzymes
Biochem. J.
327
225-231
1997
Homo sapiens, Mesocricetus auratus, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
-
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Bentebibel, A.; Sebastian, D.; Herrero, L.; Lopez-Vinas, E.; Serra, D.; Asins, G.; Gomez-Puertas, P.; Hegardt, F.G.
Novel effect of C75 on carnitine palmitoyltransferase I activity and palmitate oxidation
Biochemistry
45
4339-4350
2006
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Shin, E.S.; Cho, S.Y.; Lee, E.H.; Lee, S.J.; Chang, I.S.; Lee, T.R.
Positive regulation of hepatic carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1A (CPT1A) activities by soy isoflavones and L-carnitine
Eur. J. Nutr.
45
159-164
2006
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Mus musculus C57/BL6J
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wolfgang, M.J.; Kurama, T.; Dai, Y.; Suwa, A.; Asaumi, M.; Matsumoto, S.; Cha, S.H.; Shimokawa, T.; Lane, M.D.
The brain-specific carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1c regulates energy homeostasis
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
103
7282-7287
2006
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Aoi, W.; Naito, Y.; Takanami, Y.; Ishii, T.; Kawai, Y.; Akagiri, S.; Kato, Y.; Osawa, T.; Yoshikawa, T.
Astaxanthin improves muscle lipid metabolism in exercise via inhibitory effect of oxidative CPT I modification
Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
366
892-897
2008
Mus musculus (Q924X2)
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Kuroda, T.; Hirota, H.; Fujio, Y.; Sugiyama, S.; Masaki, M.; Hiramoto, Y.; Shioyama, W.; Okamoto, K.; Hori, M.; Yamauchi-Takihara, K.
Carbacyclin induces carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 in cardiomyocytes via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) delta independent of the IP receptor signaling pathway
J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol.
43
54-62
2007
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Wolfgang, M.J.; Cha, S.H.; Millington, D.S.; Cline, G.; Shulman, G.I.; Suwa, A.; Asaumi, M.; Kurama, T.; Shimokawa, T.; Lane, M.D.
Brain-specific carnitine palmitoyl-transferase-1c: role in CNS fatty acid metabolism, food intake, and body weight
J. Neurochem.
105
1550-1559
2008
Mus musculus
Manually annotated by BRENDA team
Zaugg, K.; Yao, Y.; Reilly, P.T.; Kannan, K.; Kiarash, R.; Mason, J.; Huang, P.; Sawyer, S.K.; Fuerth, B.; Faubert, B.; Kalliomaeki, T.; Elia, A.; Luo, X.; Nadeem, V.; Bungard, D.; Yalavarthi, S.; Growney, J.D.; Wakeham, A.; Moolani, Y.; Silvester, J.; Ten, A.Y.; Bakker, W.; Tsuchihara, K.; Berger, S.L.; H, H.i.
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1C promotes cell survival and tumor growth under conditions of metabolic stress
Genes Dev.
25
1041-1051
2011
Mus musculus (Q8BGD5), Mus musculus, Homo sapiens (Q8TCG5), Homo sapiens
Manually annotated by BRENDA team