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Literature summary for 4.2.3.107 extracted from
- Isolation and functional characterization of a methyl jasmonate-responsive 3-carene synthase from Lavandula x intermedia (2017), Plant Mol. Biol., 93, 641-657 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene Li3CARS, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli | Lavandula x intermedia |
KM Value [mM]
| KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| additional information | - |
additional information | Michaelis-Menten kinetics | Lavandula x intermedia | |
| 0.00369 | - |
geranyl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia |  |
| 0.0143 | - |
neryl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia | |
Metals/Ions
| Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mg2+ | required | Lavandula x intermedia | |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| geranyl diphosphate | Lavandula x intermedia | - |
(+)-car-3-ene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lavandula x intermedia | A0A1V0D8Y5 | cv. Grosso | - |
Purification (Commentary)
| Purification (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli by nickel affinity chromatography | Lavandula x intermedia |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| flower | - |
Lavandula x intermedia | - |
| leaf | - |
Lavandula x intermedia | - |
| additional information | Li3CARS transcripts are highly abundant in leaves (16fold) as compared to flower tissues | Lavandula x intermedia | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| geranyl diphosphate | - |
Lavandula x intermedia | (+)-car-3-ene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| geranyl diphosphate | geranyl diphosphate is converted mainly to 3-carene | Lavandula x intermedia | (+)-car-3-ene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
| additional information | the recombinant Li3CARS converted geranyl diphosphate (GPP) into 3-carene as the major product, Li3CARS also accepts neryl diphosphate (NPP) as a substrate to produce multiple products including a small amount of 3-carene. The catalytic efficiency of Li3CARS to produce 3-carene is about 13fold higher for GPP than NPP. Ligand identification by GC-MS analysis | Lavandula x intermedia | ? | - |
? | |
| neryl diphosphate | low activity, neryl diphosphate is transformed into limonene (33%), alpha-terpinolene (29%) and alpha-thujene (20%) as main products, and minor amounts of a few other monoterpenes including 3-carene (8.5%) | Lavandula x intermedia | limonene + diphosphate | - |
? | |
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| ? | x * 64900, about, sequence calculation from enzyme sequence excluding transit peptides, x * 69600, about, full-length enzyme, sequence calculation | Lavandula x intermedia |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| 3-carene synthase | - |
Lavandula x intermedia |
| 3CARS | - |
Lavandula x intermedia |
| Li3CARS | - |
Lavandula x intermedia |
Turnover Number [1/s]
| Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] | Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.636 | - |
neryl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia | |
| 2.07 | - |
geranyl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia | |
pH Optimum
| pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 7.2 | - |
recombinant enzyme | Lavandula x intermedia |
pH Range
| pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5.5 | 8 | activity range, and below, profile overview | Lavandula x intermedia |
pI Value
| Organism | Comment | pI Value Maximum | pI Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lavandula x intermedia | sequence calculation | - |
5.08 |
Expression
| Organism | Comment | Expression |
|---|---|---|
| Lavandula x intermedia | enzyme 3-carene synthase from Lavandula intermedia hybrid is methyl jasmonate (MeJA) responsive, the 3CARS expression is upregulated 1.18 to 3.8fold with MeJA 8-72 h post-treatment | up |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | evolutionary inference from Lavandula TPS genes, Li3CARS is highly homologous to the Lavandula angustifolia limonene synthase (LaLIMS), and is clustered with this gene under angiosperm mTPSs (TPS-b) subfamily | Lavandula x intermedia |
| metabolism | biosynthesis of monoterpenes catalyzed by recombinant Li3CARS from geranyl diphosphate (GPP, derived from plastidial 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway) and neryl diphosphate (NPP) | Lavandula x intermedia |
| additional information | homology-based molecular modeling of Li3CARS using the crystal structure of Salvia officinalis bornyl pyrophosphate synthase (SoBPPS) (PDB ID 1N1Z), containing the substrate analogue diphosphate (POP), as template | Lavandula x intermedia |
| physiological function | lavenders produce essential oils consisting mainly of monoterpenes, including the potent antimicrobial and insecticidal monoterpene 3-carene. Gene Li3CARS encodes a leaf-specific, methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-responsive monoterpene synthase from Lavandula x intermedia. The transcriptional activity of Li3CARS correlates with 3-carene production. enzyme Li3CARS may play a defensive role in lavenders | Lavandula x intermedia |
kcat/KM [mM/s]
| kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] | kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 44.5 | - |
neryl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia | |
| 561 | - |
geranyl diphosphate | recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 7.2, temperature not specified in the publication | Lavandula x intermedia | |
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