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Information on EC 3.4.17.23 - angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and Organism(s) Rattus norvegicus and UniProt Accession Q5EGZ1
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3.4.17.23 angiotensin-converting enzyme 2Specify your search results
Word Map
- 3.4.17.23
- sars-cov-2
- covid-19
- coronavirus
- spike
- pandemic
-
renin-angiotensin
- cardiovascular
- hypertension
- ras
- pulmonary
-
outbreak
-
receptor-binding
-
distress
-
storm
-
comorbidities
- tmprss2
-
blocker
- endothelial
- viruses
- cardiac
-
december
-
wuhan
-
renin-angiotensin-aldosterone
-
angiotensin-1-7
- renin
- drug development
- pharmacology
- analysis
- medicine
-
aceis
-
declared
- diagnostics
-
covid
- 3clpro
-
angii
- anosmia
- pseudovirus
- mers-cov
-
covid-19-related
-
counter-regulatory
-
contagious
-
anti-sars-cov-2
-
disease-2019
- favipiravir
-
convalescent
- corona
- remdesivir
-
covid-19-associated
-
lockdown
- camostat
-
pseudotyped
- cough
- hydroxychloroquine
- s-proteins
- furin
The taxonomic range for the selected organisms is: Rattus norvegicus
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
The enzyme appears in selected viruses and cellular organisms
Synonyms
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, tmprss2, ace-2, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, hace2, angiotensin converting enzyme-2, sace2, ace 2, angiotensin converting enzyme ii, angiotensin-converting enzyme type 2, 
more
topSYNONYM 
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY 
LITERATURE
ACE2
-
-
REACTION TYPE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
CAS REGISTRY NUMBER
COMMENTARY
328404-18-8
-
SUBSTRATE
PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
Reversibility
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)-acetyl-APK(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)-acetyl-AP + N6-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-Lys
-
-
-
-
?
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)-YVADAPK-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)-YVADAP + N6-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-lysine
-
-
-
-
?
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-APK(2,4-dinitrophenyl) + H2O
(7-methoxycoumarin-4-yl)acetyl-AP + N6-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-L-lysine
-
-
-
-
?
7-methoxycoumarin-4-acetyl-Ala-Pro-Lys-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
7-methoxycoumarin-4-acetyl-Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Ala-Phe-Lys-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
7-methoxycoumarin-4-acetyl-Tyr-Val-Ala-Asp-Ala-Pro-Lys-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)-OH + H2O
?
-
-
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin-(1-7) + Phe
hepatic production of Ang-(1-7) is catalysed by ACE2
-
-
?
angiotensin I + H2O
angiotensin-(1-9) + Leu
-
ACE2 contributes to the production of angiotensin(1-7) from angiotensin I in proximal straight tubule
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
-
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
i.e. Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
i.e. Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
angiotensin II has many adverse cardiovascular effects when acting through the AT1 receptor
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
high levels of angiotensin II induces pulmonary arterial hypertension
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
i.e. Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe, detection of myocardial ACE2 activity by surface enhanced laser desorption lionization time of flight mass spectroscopy, SELDI-TOF-MS
i.e. Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin-(1-7) + Phe
-
-
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin-(1-7) + Phe
-
ACE2 is highly regulated at transcription. ACE2 plays a critical role in regulating the balance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator effects within the RAS cascade. Angiotensin II may be a stimulus determining cardiac ACE2 gene expression, because either reduction in its levels or prevention of angiotensin II binding to the AT1 receptor increases ACE2 mRNA. ACE2 serves as the cellular entry point for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ACE2 plays a crucial role in liver fibrogenesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ACE2 functions as a carboxymonopeptidase with a preference for C-terminal Leu or Phe, ACE2 counterbalances the enzymatic actions of ACE, ACE2 does not metabolize bradykinin
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ACE2 activation promotes antithrombotic activity. ACE2 is an ACE, EC 3.4.15.1, homologue
-
-
?
NATURAL SUBSTRATE
NATURAL PRODUCT
REACTION DIAGRAM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
LITERATURE
(Substrate)
(Substrate)
COMMENTARY
(Product)
(Product)
LITERATURE
(Product)
(Product)
REVERSIBILITY
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
r=reversible
ir=irreversible
?=not specified
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin-(1-7) + Phe
hepatic production of Ang-(1-7) is catalysed by ACE2
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin-(1-7) + Phe
-
ACE2 is highly regulated at transcription. ACE2 plays a critical role in regulating the balance between vasoconstrictor and vasodilator effects within the RAS cascade. Angiotensin II may be a stimulus determining cardiac ACE2 gene expression, because either reduction in its levels or prevention of angiotensin II binding to the AT1 receptor increases ACE2 mRNA. ACE2 serves as the cellular entry point for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus
-
-
?
angiotensin I + H2O
angiotensin-(1-9) + Leu
-
ACE2 contributes to the production of angiotensin(1-7) from angiotensin I in proximal straight tubule
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
-
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
angiotensin II has many adverse cardiovascular effects when acting through the AT1 receptor
-
-
?
angiotensin II + H2O
angiotensin(1-7) + L-Phe
-
high levels of angiotensin II induces pulmonary arterial hypertension
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
ACE2 plays a crucial role in liver fibrogenesis
-
-
?
additional information
?
-
-
ACE2 activation promotes antithrombotic activity. ACE2 is an ACE, EC 3.4.15.1, homologue
-
-
?
METALS and IONS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
Zn2+
INHIBITOR
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
DX600
-
a decrease in thrombus ACE2 activity is associated with increased thrombus formation in spontaneously hypertensive rats
additional information
-
rampiril does not influence the mRNA content in renal tubules
-
additional information
-
ACE-2 mRNA and activity are severely downregulated in lung fibrosis
-
additional information
-
chronic cigarette smoke administration causes an reduction in ACE2 activity and increases angiotensin II levels in the lung
-
ACTIVATING COMPOUND
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
IMAGE
8-[[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amino]-5-(hydroxymethyl)-9-oxo-9H-xanthen-2-yl 4-methylbenzenesulfonate
enhances ACE2 activity in a dose-dependent manner and causes considerable reductions in blood pressure and a striking reversal of cardiac and renal fibrosis in the spontaneously hypertensive rat model of hypertension
resorcinolnaphthalein
enhances ACE2 activity in a dose-dependent manner
losartan
-
a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is a well-known antihypertensive drug with a potential role in positively regulating ACE2 in the lung
XNT
-
treatment at 10 mg/kg resultes in a 30% attenuation of thrombus formation in the SHR
pH OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
TEMPERATURE OPTIMUM
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
ORGANISM
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
UNIPROT
SEQUENCE DB
SOURCE
SOURCE TISSUE
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
SOURCE
ACE-mediated inhibition of TGF-beta expression may prevent islet fibrosis and loss of islet function
during pregnancy, the placenta and the uterus, constitute important sources of ACE2, in addition to its normal production in the kidney, leading to an estimated twofold increase in total ACE2 activity
during pregnancy the placenta and the uterus, constitute important sources of ACE2, in addition to its normal production in the kidney, leading to an estimated twofold increase in total ACE2 activity
-
chronic treatment with the AT1R antagonist almesartan induces a fivefold increase in ACE2 mRNA in the aorta which leads to a significant increase in aortic angiotensin(1-7) protein expression
-
transcriptional regulation of ACE2 mRNA in astrocytes is dependent on the relative concentrations of both angiotensin II and angiotensin(17) as well as on interaction with their respective receptors
-
ACE2 may participate in the control of the testicular function
-
predominantly in proximal tubules, diabetic rats, 30% reduced enzyme content
-
ACE2 is localized predominantly to the inner nuclear layer but also to photoreceptors, in the diabetic retina ACE2 is increased, ramipril treatment has no influence
-
induced thrombus. No differences between spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar Kyoto rats in ACE2 protein and ACE activity in the thrombi
additional information
-
weak or no ACE2 mRNA expression in: hippocampus, skeletal muscle, liver, spleen, testis, uterus and mammary gland
in salt-sensitive Sabra hypertensive (SBH/y) rats, ACE2 mRNA and protein expression are lower than that in salt-resistant Sabra normotensive (SBN/y) rats
-
transcriptional regulation of ACE2 mRNA in astrocytes is dependent on the relative concentrations of both angiotensin II and angiotensin(17) as well as on interaction with their respective receptors
-
12-day administration of agents that either inhibit the synthesis of circulating angiotensin II or block the activity of angiotensin II at the AT1 receptor induce an increase in cardiac ACE2 mRNA, accompanied by increases in cardiac membrane ACE2 activity in rats medicated with either losartan or both losartan and lisinopril
-
ACE2 mRNA is widely expressed, with relatively high levels in proximal straight tubule. ACE2 protein is present in tubular segments, glomeruli and endothelial cells. No activity in medullary thick ascending limb of henle's loop
-
cortex and medulla, about 50% of the ACE2 gene expression in kidney cortex
-
ECE2 and ACE activities are increased in the same portions in the lungs of FR30 rats (adult 4-months-old offspring from 70% food-restricted dams throughout gestation)
LOCALIZATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
GeneOntology No.
LITERATURE
SOURCE
GENERAL INFORMATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
physiological function
malfunction
-
inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in Ren-2 hypertensive rats
physiological function
physiological function
in vitro, AngII significantly increases the NOX4 level and ROS production in lung fibroblasts, which stimulates cell migration and alpha-collagen I synthesis through the RhoA/Rock pathway. These effects are attenuated by N-acetylcysteine, diphenylene iodonium, and NOX4 RNA interference. Angiotensin (1-7) and lentivirus-mediated ACE2 suppress angiotensin II-induced migration and alpha-collagen I synthesis by inhibiting the NOX4-derived ROS-mediated RhoA/Rock pathway. In vivo, constant infusion with angiotensin (1-7) or intratracheal instillation with lentivirus-mediated ACE2 shift the renin-angiotensin system balance toward the ACE2/angiotensin (1-7)/Mas axis, alleviate bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis, and inhibit the RhoA/Rock pathway by reducing NOX4-derived ROS
physiological function
lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury and inflammatory response are significantly prevented by ACE2 overexpression in lung and deteriorated by Ace2 shRNA. Mas receptor antagonist A779 or ACE2 inhibitor MLN-4760 pretreatment abolish the protective effects of ACE2. Overexpression of ACE2 significantly reduces the angiotensin II/angiotensin -(1-7) ratio in broncho-alveolar lavage fluid and up-regulated Mas mRNA expression in lung. The blockade of ACE2 on lipopolysaccharide-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and p50/p65 is also abolished by A779. Only the ERK1/2 inhibitor significantly attenuates lung injury in ACE2 overexpressing rats pretreated with A779
physiological function
-
ACE 2 balances the status of the renin-angiotensin system by degrading angiotensin II and generating angiotensin-(1-7). ACE2 induces overexpression of connective tissue growth factor, which is inhibited by blockade of theMas receptor with A779, overview
physiological function
-
ACE2 is a regulator of the renin-angiotensin system,. Losartan, a specific angiotensin II receptor antagonist, is a well-known antihypertensive drug with a potential role in regulating ACE2
physiological function
-
angiotensin II is a critical factor for stimulating cardiocyte hypertrophy, fibroblast proliferation and extracellular matrix production in left ventricular remodeling. ACE2 overexpression attenuates left ventricular myocardial fibrosis and improves left ventricular remodeling and systolic function, overview
physiological function
-
ACE2/Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis has a crucial role in preventing LPS-induced apoptosis and inflammation of pulmonary artery endothelial cells, by inhibiting the JNK/NFkappaB pathways
physiological function
-
regulation of NF-kappaB and ACE2 by specific Ang II type 1 receptor AT1 and Ang II type 2 receptor AT2 antagonists in a nongenetic model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The AT1 receptor and AT2 receptor antagonists lead to the repression and activation of the NF-kappaB signalling pathway, respectively. The blockade of AT2 receptor leads to an increase in ACE2 expression
UNIPROT
ENTRY NAME
ORGANISM
NO. OF AA
NO. OF TRANSM. HELICES
MOLECULAR WEIGHT[Da]
SOURCE
SEQUENCE
LOCALIZATION PREDICTION
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable).
The reliability class of the localization prediction ranges from 1 (very reliable) to 5 (not reliable). ACE2_RAT
805
1
92491
Swiss-Prot
Secretory Pathway (Reliability: 1)
MOLECULAR WEIGHT
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
POSTTRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
PROTEIN VARIANTS
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
additional information
additional information
-
overexpression of ACE2 favorably affects the pathological process of left ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction by inhibiting ACE activity, reducing AngII levels and upregulating Ang(1-7) expression
additional information
-
overexpression of ACE2, by usage of a recombinant adeno-associated virus 6 delivery system, in myocardium of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats mediates onset of experimental severe cardiac fibrosis
CLONED (Commentary)
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
cloning of the enzyme utilizing the murine cytomegalovirus immediate early gene promoter, MCMV Pr, in an adenoviral vector for ACE2 overexpression in rats as a gene therapy model. overview
-
overexpression of ACE2, by usage of a recombinant adeno-associated virus 6 delivery system, in myocardium of stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats, gene expression profiling, overview
-
EXPRESSION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
LITERATURE
elevated expression in kidney and heart in a rat model with chronic heart failure
-
high sucrose intake induces ACE2 expression in epididymal adipose tissue and kidney, leading to increased ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in the adipose tissue
-
the enzyme expression is upregulated in case of induced liver fibrosis and is further upregulated by additional administration of ACE I inhibitor peptide, pGlu-Trp-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gln-Ile-Pro-Pro, in hepatic stellate cells
-
APPLICATION
ORGANISM
UNIPROT
COMMENTARY
LITERATURE
medicine
administration of ACE2 activators may be a valid strategy for antihypertensive therapy
medicine
pharmacology
-
ACE 2 is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of heart failure
medicine
-
angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is a target for gene therapy for hypertension disorders
medicine
-
chronic treatment with the AT1R antagonist almesartan induces a fivefold increase in ACE2 mRNA in the aorta which leads to a significant increase in aortic angiotensin(1-7) protein expression. These effects are associated with significant decreases in aortic medial thickness and may represent an important protective mechanism in the prevention of cardiovascular events in hypertensive subjects
medicine
-
ACE-2 protects against lung fibrogenesis by limiting the local accumulation of the profibrotic peptide angiotensin II
medicine
-
regulation of NF-kappaB and ACE2 by specific Ang II type 1 receptor AT1 and Ang II type 2 receptor AT2 antagonists in a nongenetic model of type 2 diabetic nephropathy. The AT1 receptor and AT2 receptor antagonists lead to the repression and activation of the NF-kappaB signalling pathway, respectively. The blockade of AT2 receptor leads to an increase in ACE2 expression
REF.
AUTHORS
TITLE
JOURNAL
VOL.
PAGES
YEAR
ORGANISM (UNIPROT)
PUBMED ID
SOURCE
Tikellis, C.; Johnston, C.I.; Forbes, J.M.; Burns, W.C.; Burrell, L.M.; Risvanis, J.; Cooper, M.E.
Characterization of renal angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in diabetic nephropathy
Hypertension
41
392-397
2003
Rattus norvegicus
Dantas, A.P.; Sandberg, K.
Regulation of ACE2 and ANG-(1-7) in the aorta: New insights into the renin-angiotensin system in the control of vascular function
Am. J. Physiol.
289
H980-H981
2005
Rattus norvegicus
Gallagher, P.E.; Chappell, M.C.; Ferrario, C.M.; Tallant, E.A.
Distinct roles for ANG II and ANG-(1-7) in the regulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in rat astrocytes
Am. J. Physiol.
290
C420-C426
2006
Rattus norvegicus, Rattus norvegicus Sprague-Dawley
Li, N.; Zimpelmann, J.; Cheng, K.; Wilkins, J.A.; Burns, K.D.
The role of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in the generation of angiotensin 1-7 by rat proximal tubules
Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol.
288
F353-F362
2005
Rattus norvegicus
Ferrario, C.M.; Jessup, J.; Chappell, M.C.; Averill, D.B.; Brosnihan, K.B.; Tallant, E.A.; Diz, D.I.; Gallagher, P.E.
Effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition and angiotensin II receptor blockers on cardiac angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Circulation
111
2605-2610
2005
Rattus norvegicus
Tikellis, C.; Johnston, C.I.; Forbes, J.M.; Burns, W.C.; Thomas, M.C.; Lew, R.A.; Yarski, M.; Smith, A.I.; Cooper, M.E.
Identification of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in the rodent retina
Curr. Eye Res.
29
419-427
2004
Rattus norvegicus
Douglas, G.C.; OBryan, M.K.; Hedger, M.P.; Lee, D.K.; Yarski, M.A.; Smith, A.I.; Lew, R.A.
The novel angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) homolog, ACE2, is selectively expressed by adult Leydig cells of the testis
Endocrinology
145
4703-4711
2004
Rattus norvegicus, Homo sapiens (Q9BYF1)
Katovich, M.J.; Grobe, J.L.; Huentelman, M.; Raizada, M.K.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a novel target for gene therapy for hypertension
Exp. Physiol.
90
299-305
2005
Rattus norvegicus
Riviere, G.; Michaud, A.; Breton, C.; VanCamp, G.; Laborie, C.; Enache, M.; Lesage, J.; Deloof, S.; Corvol, P.; Vieau, D.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and ACE activities display tissue-specific sensitivity to undernutrition-programmed hypertension in the adult rat
Hypertension
46
1169-1174
2005
Rattus norvegicus
Ferrario, C.M.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin-(1-7): an evolving story in cardiovascular regulation
Hypertension
47
515-521
2006
Rattus norvegicus
Trask, A.J.; Averill, D.B.; Ganten, D.; Chappell, M.C.; Ferrario, C.M.
Primary role of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 in cardiac production of angiotensin-(1-7) in transgenic Ren-2 hypertensive rats
Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol.
292
H3019-H3024
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Li, X.; Molina-Molina, M.; Abdul-Hafez, A.; Uhal, V.; Xaubet, A.; Uhal, B.D.
Angiotensin converting enzyme-2 is protective but downregulated in human and experimental lung fibrosis
Am. J. Physiol. Lung Cell Mol. Physiol.
295
L178-185
2008
Homo sapiens, Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Joyner, J.; Neves, L.A.; Granger, J.P.; Alexander, B.T.; Merrill, D.C.; Chappell, M.C.; Ferrario, C.M.; Davis, W.P.; Brosnihan, K.B.
Temporal-spatial expression of ANG-(1-7) and angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the kidney of normal and hypertensive pregnant rats
Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.
293
R169-R177
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Keidar, S.; Kaplan, M.; Gamliel-Lazarovich, A.
ACE2 of the heart: From angiotensin I to angiotensin (1-7)
Cardiovasc. Res.
73
463-469
2007
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Koitka, A.; Cooper, M.E.; Thomas, M.C.; Tikellis, C.
Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 in the kidney
Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.
35
420-425
2008
Rattus norvegicus
Yamazato, M.; Yamazato, Y.; Sun, C.; Diez-Freire, C.; Raizada, M.K.
Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the rostral ventrolateral medulla causes long-term decrease in blood pressure in the spontaneously hypertensive rats
Hypertension
49
926-931
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Der Sarkissian, S.; Grobe, J.L.; Yuan, L.; Narielwala, D.R.; Walter, G.A.; Katovich, M.J.; Raizada, M.K.
Cardiac overexpression of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 protects the heart from ischemia-induced pathophysiology
Hypertension
51
712-718
2008
Rattus norvegicus
Herath, C.B.; Warner, F.J.; Lubel, J.S.; Dean, R.G.; Jia, Z.; Lew, R.A.; Smith, A.I.; Burrell, L.M.; Angus, P.W.
Upregulation of hepatic angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in experimental biliary fibrosis
J. Hepatol.
47
387-395
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Fukushi, S.; Mizutani, T.; Sakai, K.; Saijo, M.; Taguchi, F.; Yokoyama, M.; Kurane, I.; Morikawa, S.
Amino acid substitutions in the s2 region enhance severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus infectivity in rat angiotensin-converting enzyme 2-expressing cells
J. Virol.
81
10831-10834
2007
Rattus norvegicus
Guo, H.; Guo, A.; Wang, C.; Yan, B.; Lu, H.; Chen, H.
Expression of feline angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and its interaction with SARS-CoV S1 protein
Res. Vet. Sci.
84
494-496
2008
Felis silvestris (Q56H28), Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1), Mus musculus (Q8R0I0), Homo sapiens (Q9BYF1), Homo sapiens
Herath. C.B.; Lubel, J.S.; Jia, Z.; Velkoska, E.; Casley, D.; Brown, L.; Tikellis, C.; Burrell, L.M.; Angus, P.W.
Portal pressure responses and angiotensin peptide production in rat liver are determined by relative activity of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and ACE2
Am. J. Physiol. Gastrointest. Liver Physiol.
297
G98-G106
2009
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Levy, A.; Yagil, Y.; Bursztyn, M.; Barkalifa, R.; Scharf, S.; Yagil, C.
ACE2 expression and activity are enhanced during pregnancy
Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.
295
R1953-R1961
2008
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Hernandez Prada, J.A.; Ferreira, A.J.; Katovich, M.J.; Shenoy, V.; Qi, Y.; Santos, R.A.; Castellano, R.K.; Lampkins, A.J.; Gubala, V.; Ostrov, D.A.; Raizada, M.K.
Structure-based identification of small-molecule angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activators as novel antihypertensive agents
Hypertension
51
1312-1317
2008
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Huang, Q.; Xie, Q.; Shi, C.C.; Xiang, X.G.; Lin, L.Y.; Gong, B.D.; Zhao, G.D.; Wang, H.; Jia, NN.
Expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in CCL4-induced rat liver fibrosis
Int. J. Mol. Med.
23
717-723
2009
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Xia, H.; Lazartigues, E.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in the brain: properties and future directions
J. Neurochem.
107
1482-1494
2008
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1), Mus musculus (Q8R0I0), Homo sapiens (Q9BYF1)
Bindom, S.M.; Lazartigues, E.
The sweeter side of ACE2: physiological evidence for a role in diabetes
Mol. Cell. Endocrinol.
302
193-202
2009
Homo sapiens (Q9BYF1), Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Trask, A.J.; Groban, L.; Westwood, B.M.; Varagic, J.; Ganten, D.; Gallagher, P.E.; Chappell, M.C.; Ferrario, C.M.
Inhibition of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 exacerbates cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis in Ren-2 hypertensive rats
Am. J. Hypertens.
23
687-693
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Huang, M.L.; Li, X.; Meng, Y.; Xiao, B.; Ma, Q.; Ying, S.S.; Wu, P.S.; Zhang, Z.S.
Upregulation of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 in hepatic fibrosis by ACE inhibitors
Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol.
37
e1-e6
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Zhao, Y.; Yin, H.Q.; Yu, Q.T.; Qiao, Y.; Dai, H.Y.; Zhang, M.X.; Zhang, L.; Liu, Y.F.; Wang, L.C.; Liu, D.S.; Deng, B.P.; Zhang, Y.H.; Pang, C.M.; Song, H.D.; Qu, X.; Jiang, H.; Liu, C.X.; Lu, X.T.; Liu, B.; Gao, F.; Dong, B.
ACE2 overexpression improves left ventricular remodeling and function in rats with myocardial infarction
Hum. Gene Ther.
21
1545-1554
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Masson, R.; Nicklin, S.A.; Craig, M.A.; McBride, M.; Gilday, K.; Gregorevic, P.; Allen, J.M.; Chamberlain, J.S.; Smith, G.; Graham, D.; Dominiczak, A.F.; Napoli, C.; Baker, A.H.
Onset of experimental severe cardiac fibrosis is mediated by overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
Hypertension
53
694-700
2009
Oryctolagus cuniculus, Rattus norvegicus
Fraga-Silva, R.A.; Sorg, B.S.; Wankhede, M.; Dedeugd, C.; Jun, J.Y.; Baker, M.B.; Li, Y.; Castellano, R.K.; Katovich, M.J.; Raizada, M.K.; Ferreira, A.J.
ACE2 activation promotes antithrombotic activity
Mol. Med.
16
210-215
2010
Mus musculus, Rattus norvegicus
Coelho, M.S.; Lopes, K.L.; Freitas, R.d.e.A.; de Oliveira-Sales, E.B.; Bergasmaschi, C.T.; Campos, R.R.; Casarini, D.E.; Carmona, A.K.; Araujo, M.d.a..S.; Heimann, J.C.; Dolnikoff, M.S.
High sucrose intake in rats is associated with increased ACE2 and angiotensin-(1-7) levels in the adipose tissue
Regul. Pept.
162
61-67
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Han, S.X.; He, G.M.; Wang, T.; Chen, L.; Ning, Y.Y.; Luo, F.; An, J.; Yang, T.; Dong, J.J.; Liao, Z.L.; Xu, D.; Wen, F.Q.
Losartan attenuates chronic cigarette smoke exposure-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats: possible involvement of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2
Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
245
100-107
2010
Rattus norvegicus
Cohen-Segev, R.; Francis, B.; Abu-Saleh, N.; Awad, H.; Lazarovich, A.; Kabala, A.; Aronson, D.; Abassi, Z.
Cardiac and renal distribution of ACE and ACE-2 in rats with heart failure
Acta Histochem.
116
1342-1349
2014
Rattus norvegicus
Li, Y.; Cao, Y.; Zeng, Z.; Liang, M.; Xue, Y.; Xi, C.; Zhou, M.; Jiang, W.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin-(1-7)/Mas axis prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced apoptosis of pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells by inhibiting JNK/NF-kappaB pathways
Sci. Rep.
5
8209
2015
Rattus norvegicus
Meng, Y.; Li, T.; Zhou, G.; Chen, Y.; Yu, C.; Pang, M.; Li, W.; Li, Y.; Zhang, W.; Li, X.
The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2/angiotensin (1-7)/mas axis protects against lung fibroblast migration and lung fibrosis by inhibiting the NOX4-derived ROS-mediated RhoA/Rho kinase pathway
Antioxid. Redox Signal.
22
241-258
2015
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
Pandey, A.; Goru, S.K.; Kadakol, A.; Malek, V.; Gaikwad, A.B.
Differential regulation of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 and nuclear factor-kappaB by angiotensin II receptor subtypes in type 2 diabetic kidney
Biochimie
118
71-81
2015
Rattus norvegicus
Li, Y.; Zeng, Z.; Cao, Y.; Liu, Y.; Ping, F.; Liang, M.; Xue, Y.; Xi, C.; Zhou, M.; Jiang, W.
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 prevents lipopolysaccharide-induced rat acute lung injury via suppressing the ERK1/2 and NF-kappaB signaling pathways
Sci. Rep.
6
27911
2016
Rattus norvegicus (Q5EGZ1)
EXTERNAL LINKS (specific for EC-Number 3.4.17.23)
Transporter Classification Database (TCDB): 2.A.22.6.3, 8.A.139.1.1
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