4.2.1.36: homoaconitate hydratase
This is an abbreviated version!
For detailed information about homoaconitate hydratase, go to the full flat file.
Word Map on EC 4.2.1.36
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4.2.1.36
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alpha-aminoadipate
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homocitrate
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isopropylmalate
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auxotrophy
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homoisocitrate
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l-lysine
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lys4
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jannaschii
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saccharopine
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methanocaldococcus
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synthesis
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medicine
- 4.2.1.36
- alpha-aminoadipate
- homocitrate
- isopropylmalate
-
auxotrophy
- homoisocitrate
- l-lysine
- lys4
- jannaschii
- saccharopine
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methanocaldococcus
- synthesis
- medicine
Reaction
Synonyms
2-hydroxy-3-carboxyadipate hydro-lyase, cis-Homoaconitase, HACN, HACNMj, Homoaconitase, Homoaconitate hydratase, Hydratase, homoaconitate, leuC, LYS4, lysF, MJ0499, MJ1271
ECTree
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General Information
General Information on EC 4.2.1.36 - homoaconitate hydratase
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evolution
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the mutations of the small-subunit HACN protein MJ1271 loop-region may reverse the evolution of HACN activity from an ancestral IPMI gene, demonstrating the evolutionary potential for promiscuity in hydro-lyase enzymes. Understanding these specificity determinants enables the functional reannotation of paralogous HACN and isopropylmalate isomerase, IPMI, genes in numerous genome sequences
malfunction
metabolism
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the enzyme is involved in the lysine biosynthetic pathway
physiological function
additional information
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the enzymes' stereospecific hydrolyase activity make it an attractive catalyst to produce diastereomers from unsaturated precursors
L2 mutant is deficient in homoaconitase activity since it is complemented by the Aspergillus nidulans lysF gene. Wis 54-1255 gene lys3 complements the L2 mutation. Accumulation of homocitric acid in the L2 strain, resulting from the mutation in the lys3 (homoaconitase) gene, is required for the upregulation of the lysine biosynthetic genes. The mutant Lys3 protein is altered in a region required to bind the [4Fe-4S] cluster
malfunction
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deletion of the LYS4 gene results in lysine auxotrophy. The mutant shows increased sensitivity to oxidative stress, agents that challenge cell wall/membrane integrity, and azole antifungal drugs
lysF gene can complement the Penicillium chrysogenum L2 mutant deficient in homoaconitase activity
physiological function
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homoaconitase proteins catalyze the isomerization of tricarboxylates with variable chain length gamma-carboxylate groups
physiological function
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Lys4 plays an important role in mitochondrial iron metabolism, and is required for proper mitochondrial function in Cryptococcus neoformans. LYS4 is required for full virulence in Cryptococcus neoformans