EC Number   |
Substrates |
Organism |
Products |
Reversibility |
|---|
   3.5.4.B9 | more |
the enzyme cannot readily deaminate a cytosine dinucleotide in single-stranded DNA stem structures or in nucleotide base loops composed of three bases. Single-stranded nucleotide loops up to seven bases in length are poor targets for enzyme activity unless cytosine residues flank the cytosine dinucleotide. The enzyme favors adenines, cytosines and thymines flanking the cytosine dinucleotide target in unstructured regions of single-stranded DNA. Low cytosine deaminase activity is detected when guanines flank the cytosine dinucleotide |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | cytosine in single-stranded viral DNA + H2O |
the enzyme carries out processive cytosine deamination by randomly binding, sliding and jumping bidirectionally on single-stranded DNA. The deamination by the enzyme proceeds predominantly 3'->5', resulting in preferential deamination at the target located closer to the 5' end of substrate. The enzyme favors deamination at the 5'C residue in the hot-spot motif CCC |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded viral DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | more |
the enzyme deaminates C -> U on single-stranded DNA, but favors 5'CCCC target motifs with a preference for the 3'C, and its specific activity is strongly influenced by nucleotides surrounding the 5'CCC target motif |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | more |
the enzyme does not effectively bind substrates shorter than 10 nucleotides. Substrates containing 5'-methyldeoxycytidine 2'-deoxy-5-aza-5,6-dihydrocytidine, 2'-deoxy-4-ethylcytidine and 2'-deoxyzebularine at position -1 are deaminated by the enzyme with 62%, 25%, 19%, and 9% efficiency, respectively, Substrates containing N3-methyl cytidine or isocytidine at position -1 are not appreciably deaminated by the enzyme |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | 5-methylcytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
the enzyme exhibits low activity toward 5-methylcytosine n single-stranded DNA |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | more |
the enzyme has a catalytically inactive N-terminal CD1 domain that mediates processivity and an active C-terminal CD2 domain that catalyzes deaminations. The enzyme cannot bind well to double-stranded DNA. Native enzyme is still able to processively deaminate two C residues with a double-stranded DNA region in-between, but with a 2fold decrease in the processivity factor |
Homo sapiens |
? |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
the enzyme preferentially converts cytidine to uridine at the third position of triplet cytosine (CCC) hotspots. The phosphate backbone is required for C-terminal domain of the enzyme to slide along the DNA strand and to exert the 3'->5' polarity. The higher the salt cncentration, the less prominent is the 3'->5' polarity |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | cytosine in single-stranded DNA + H2O |
the enzyme restricts the infectivity of viruses, such as HIV-1, by targeting CCC hotspots scattered through minus DNA strands, reverse-transcribed from genomic RNA |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | cytosine in single-stranded viral DNA + H2O |
the enzyme strongly prefers cytosines in a run of C's usually targeting the last base in the run. The enzyme readily converts the third cytosine in CCC to uracil but does not convert the first or the second cytosine in the sequence at detectable levels |
Homo sapiens |
uracil in single-stranded viral DNA + NH3 |
- |
? |
| 3.5.4.B9 | 5'-AAAGAGAAAGAGAAACCCAAAGAGGAAAGGTGAGGAGAA-3' + H2O |
the enzyme targets 5'-CCCA-3' sequences with 5'-AAACCCAAA-3' recognized most efficiently |
Homo sapiens |
5'-AAAGAGAAAGAGAAACCUAAAGAGGAAAGGTGAGGAGAA-3' + NH3 |
- |
? |
