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Literature summary extracted from

  • Ferla, M.P.; Brewster, J.L.; Hall, K.R.; Evans, G.B.; Patrick, W.M.
    Primordial-like enzymes from bacteria with reduced genomes (2017), Mol. Microbiol., 105, 508-524 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.4.1.13 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme TmCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme wMelCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme PuCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Attempts to optimize recombinant production of the Pelagibacter ubique enzyme (PuCBL) in a soluble form are unsuccessful Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis. The recombinant enzyme EcCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme TmCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme wMelCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme PuCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Attempts to optimize recombinant production of the Pelagibacter ubique enzyme (PuCBL) in a soluble form are unsuccessful Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis. The recombinant enzyme EcCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it partially Escherichia coli
5.1.1.3 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme TmCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 gene metC, phylogenetic analysis, the recombinant His6-tagged enzyme wMelCBL is overexpressed in a metC-deficient DELTAmetC Escherichia coli mutant strain and can complement it. The enzyme rescues the alanine racemase knockout, Escherichia coli strain MB2795 (DELTAalrDELTAdadX), as quickly as expressing Escherichia coli ALR itself. Recombinant production of His6-tagged enzyme in a soluble form Wolbachia pipientis

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.4.1.13 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 0.02
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 0.4
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 0.7
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 1.3
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 2.1
-
 cystathionine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.38
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 3.8
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 4.2
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 8.2
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 12
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.3 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 additional information
-
 additional information Michaelis-Menten steady-state kinetics Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 0.26
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 0.8
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 1.4
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O Escherichia coli
-
 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
-
 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O Wolbachia pipientis
-
 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O Thermotoga maritima
-
 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062
-
 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 additional information Wolbachia pipientis the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information Thermotoga maritima the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information Wolbachia pipientis wMel the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Escherichia coli
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Wolbachia pipientis
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Thermotoga maritima
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Wolbachia pipientis wMel
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099
-
 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 additional information Wolbachia pipientis the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information Thermotoga maritima the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information Wolbachia pipientis wMel the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Wolbachia pipientis
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Thermotoga maritima
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Wolbachia pipientis wMel
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099
-
 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 additional information Wolbachia pipientis the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information Thermotoga maritima the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information Wolbachia pipientis wMel the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria ?
-
-

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.4.1.13 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique Q4FME3
-
-
4.4.1.13 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 Q4FME3
-
-
4.4.1.13 Escherichia coli P06721
-
-
4.4.1.13 Thermotoga maritima Q9X0Z7
-
-
4.4.1.13 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 Q9X0Z7
-
-
4.4.1.13 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 Q9X0Z7
-
-
4.4.1.13 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 Q9X0Z7
-
-
4.4.1.13 Wolbachia pipientis Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
4.4.1.13 Wolbachia pipientis wMel Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
5.1.1.1 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique Q4FME3
-
-
5.1.1.1 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 Q4FME3
-
-
5.1.1.1 Escherichia coli P06721
-
-
5.1.1.1 Thermotoga maritima Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.1 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.1 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.1 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.1 Wolbachia pipientis Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
5.1.1.1 Wolbachia pipientis wMel Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 Q9X0Z7
-
-
5.1.1.3 Wolbachia pipientis Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-
5.1.1.3 Wolbachia pipientis wMel Q73GL9 endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O
-
 Escherichia coli L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O
-
 Wolbachia pipientis L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O
-
 Thermotoga maritima L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 cystathionine + H2O
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 L-homocysteine + pyruvate + NH3
-
 ?
4.4.1.13 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information no activity with O-acetylhomoserine or O-succinylhomoserine plus L-cysteine, the cystathionine gamma-synthase (metB, EC 2.5.1.48) activity of the enzyme is negligible Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the Escherichia coli cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity (cf. EC 5.1.1.1). ALR catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine Escherichia coli ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) activity of wMelCBL is very weak: approximately 3fold less efficient than cystathionine beta-elimination (EC 4.4.1.13) and 28fold less efficient than alanine racemization (EC 5.1.1.1) Wolbachia pipientis ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity (cf. EC 5.1.1.1). ALR catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis wMel ?
-
-
4.4.1.13 additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity (cf. EC 5.1.1.1). ALR catalyzes the interconversion of L-alanine and D-alanine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Escherichia coli D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Wolbachia pipientis D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Wolbachia pipientis wMel D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 L-alanine
-
 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 D-alanine
-
 r
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the Escherichia coli cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine Escherichia coli ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis wMel ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the Pelagibacter ubique cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) also shows a promiscuous alanine racemase (ALR) activity. CBL catalyzes the beta-elimination of cystathionine. The ALR activity of MBP-PuCBL is 40fold lower than its CBL activity Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique HTCC1062 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 ?
-
-
5.1.1.1 additional information TmCBL is a substantially better GLR (EC 5.1.1.3) than an ALR (EC 5.1.1.1) Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Thermotoga maritima D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis wMel D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 L-glutamate
-
 Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 D-glutamate
-
 r
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis wMel ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima DSM 3109 ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima ATCC 43589 ?
-
-
5.1.1.3 additional information the enzyme is a physiologically bifunctional alanine/glutamate racemase (EC 5.1.1.1/EC 5.1.1.3), it is not highly active, but it is clearly sufficient. The metC encoded L-alanine/L-glutamate racemase is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL (EC 4.4.1.13) activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima JCM 10099 ?
-
-

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
4.4.1.13 dimer the Escherichia coli ALR dimer (PDB entry 2RJG) adopts a fold type III Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 tetramer the Escherichia coli CBL tetramer (PDB entry 1CL1) adopts a fold type I Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 dimer the Escherichia coli ALR dimer (PDB entry 2RJG) adopts a fold type III Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 tetramer the Escherichia coli CBL tetramer (PDB entry 1CL1) adopts fold type I Escherichia coli

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.4.1.13 AAR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 AAR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 CBL
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 CBL
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 CBL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 CBL
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 CBL/ALR
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 CBL/ALR
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 CBL/ALR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 CBL/ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 EcCBL
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 MetC
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 MetC
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 MetC
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 MetC
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 More see also EC 5.1.1.1 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 More see also EC 5.1.1.1 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 More see also EC 5.1.1.1 and EC 5.1.1.3 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 More see also EC 5.1.1.1 and EC 5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 TmCBL
-
 Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 wMelCBL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 AAR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 AAR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 ALR
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 ALR
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 ARL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 CBL/ALR
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 CBL/ALR
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 CBL/ALR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 CBL/ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 EcCBL
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 MetC
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 MetC
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 MetC
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 MetC
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.3 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.3 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 TmCBL
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 wMelCBL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 AAR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 AAR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 CBL/ALR
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 CBL/ALR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 cystathionine beta-lyase
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 GLR
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 GRL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 MetC
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 MetC
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.1 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 More see also EC 4.4.1.13 and EC 5.1.1.1 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 TmCBL
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 wMelCBL
-
 Wolbachia pipientis

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
4.4.1.13 37
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 37
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 70
-
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 37
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 37
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 70
-
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 37
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 70
-
-
 Thermotoga maritima

Temperature Range [°C]

EC Number Temperature Minimum [°C] Temperature Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
5.1.1.3 35 90 activity range, profile overview Thermotoga maritima

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.4.1.13 0.0011
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 1
-
 cystathionine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 2.3
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 3.3
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 9.2
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.0024
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.0065
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.022
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.15
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 2.3
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 0.017
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 0.024
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 1
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
4.4.1.13 8
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 8
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 8
-
 assay at Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 8
-
 assay at Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 8
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 8
-
 assay at Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 8
-
 assay at Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 8
-
 assay at Thermotoga maritima

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
4.4.1.13 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 pyridoxal 5'-phosphate
-
 Thermotoga maritima

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.4.1.13 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining. Evolutionary history of CBL Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining. Evolutionary history of CBL Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining. Evolutionary history of CBL Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining. Evolutionary history of CBL Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Escherichia coli
4.4.1.13 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase (EC 5.1.1.1), but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 additional information comparisons of structure and function of CBL and ALR, overview Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13) which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Escherichia coli
5.1.1.1 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.1 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 additional information comparisons of structure and function of CBL and ALR, overview Escherichia coli
5.1.1.3 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 evolution several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria. Primordial-like enzymes may be an essential part of the adaptive strategy associated with streamlining Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 metabolism several bacteria with reduced genomes lack alr, encoding alanine racemase, but contain metC encoding cystathionine beta-lyase (CBL, EC 4.4.1.13), which, in these organisms, is a multifunctional CBL/ALR. CBL activity is no longer required in these bacteria Thermotoga maritima

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
4.4.1.13 0.055
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
4.4.1.13 0.476
-
 cystathionine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
4.4.1.13 4.71
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 5.75
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
4.4.1.13 7.08
-
 cystathionine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.00079
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.0052
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, Tris buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.0063
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.1 0.0125
-
 L-alanine recombinant MBP-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Candidatus Pelagibacter ubique
5.1.1.1 0.605
-
 L-alanine recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 0.021
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C Wolbachia pipientis
5.1.1.3 0.092
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 37°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima
5.1.1.3 0.71
-
 L-glutamate recombinant His-tagged enzyme, pH 8.0, 70°C, bicine buffer Thermotoga maritima