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Literature summary extracted from

  • McAuley, M.; Huang, M.; Timson, D.J.
    Modulation of the mobility of a key region in human galactokinase Impacts on catalysis and stability (2018), Bioorg. Chem., 81, 649-657 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.6 expression in Escherichia coli HMS174(DE3) Homo sapiens

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.7.1.6 E244S significantly increased (5fold) Michaelis constant for ATP, indicating that this variation impacts on the interaction of the protein with ATP. Significantly increased Michaelis constants for galactose. Turnover number is significantly increased Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 E245S catalyzes less efficiently the phosphorylation of galactose than the wild-type enzyme. Significantly increased Michaelis constants for galactose. Turnover number is significantly increased Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 L231S catalyzes less efficiently the phosphorylation of galactose than the wild-type enzyme. Reduced turnover and decreased catalytic efficiency with the substrates 2-deoxy-D-galactose and ATP Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 Q242S the turnover number and the catalytic efficiency with ATP (cosubstrate 2-deoxy-D-galactose) are increased. Inactive with D-galactosamine. Turnover number is significantly increased Homo sapiens

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.6 0.0024
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0039
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0066
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0077
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0094
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0128
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0132
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0148
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0162
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0198
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0367
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0392
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0432
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0446
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0594
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.0594
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.162
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.17
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.26
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.44
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.71
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.71
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.83
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.92
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.92
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.97
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.1
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.1
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.8
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.9
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.3
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.7
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.9
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.7.1.6 ATP + alpha-D-galactose Homo sapiens
-
 ADP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate
-
 ?

Organic Solvent Stability

EC Number Organic Solvent Comment Organism
2.7.1.6 urea the wild-type protein gives a discrete band up to 1 M urea. Mutant enzyme L231S behaves in a similar manner. Q242S is stable up to 0.5 M urea. E244S and E245S are unstable under these conditions even in the absence of urea, indicating a large effect of these variants on the protein, consistent with the molecular dynamics analysis of these two variants Homo sapiens

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.7.1.6 Homo sapiens P51570
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
2.7.1.6
-
 Homo sapiens

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.7.1.6 ATP + 2-deoxy-D-galactose
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + 2-deoxy-alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.6 ATP + alpha-D-galactose
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + alpha-D-galactose 1-phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.6 ATP + D-galactosamine
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + D-galactosamine 1-phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.6 ATP + D-talose
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + alpha-D-talose 1-phosphate
-
 ?

Temperature Stability [°C]

EC Number Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
2.7.1.6 52.7
-
 Tm-value, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 54
-
 Tm-value, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 55.1
-
 Tm-value, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 55.8
-
 Tm-value, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 56.1
-
 Tm-value, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.6 0.4
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.4
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.5
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.5
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.7
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.7
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.7
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.1
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.1
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.4
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.4
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.4
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.4
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 4
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 4
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 5.9
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 5.9
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 6.1
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 6.1
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 6.8
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 6.8
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 8
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 8
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 11
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 11
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 15
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 15
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 18.1
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 18.1
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 18.1
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 18.1
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.6 0.4
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.4
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 0.5
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.2
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 1.5
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.9
-
 D-talose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 2.9
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.9
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 3.9
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 4.5
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 5.6
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 5.8
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 6.2
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 7.1
-
 2-deoxy-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 10.1
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 13.5
-
 alpha-D-galactose pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 19.7
-
 D-galactosamine pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 20
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 30
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 73
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 110
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 190
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 210
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 300
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 310
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 320
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 360
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E244S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 360
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme L231S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 380
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 420
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 430
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, wild-type enzyme Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 440
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme E245S Homo sapiens
2.7.1.6 610
-
 ATP pH 7.5, 37°C, mutant enzyme Q242S Homo sapiens