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Literature summary extracted from

  • Peiro, C.; Millard, P.; de Simone, A.; Cahoreau, E.; Peyriga, L.; Enjalbert, B.; Heux, S.
    Chemical and metabolic controls on dihydroxyacetone metabolism lead to suboptimal growth of Escherichia coli (2019), Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 85, e00768-19 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
2.7.1.121 additional information construction of a DHALKM deletion mutant strain, analysis of the change in gene expression in DHA metabolism of the wild-type strain and DELTAdhaKLM strain cultured on modified M9-DHA medium, overview. Optimal growth on DHA can be achieved by releasing hierarchical constraints on DHA metabolism, opening additional routes for its assimilation Escherichia coli

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.121 0.006
-
 Glycerone below, pH and temperature not specified in the publication Escherichia coli

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone Escherichia coli
-
 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone Escherichia coli BW25113
-
 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone Escherichia coli K12
-
 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.7.1.121 Escherichia coli P76014 AND P76015 AND P37349 subunits dhaL, dhaK, and dhaM
-
2.7.1.121 Escherichia coli BW25113 P76014 AND P76015 AND P37349 subunits dhaL, dhaK, and dhaM
-
2.7.1.121 Escherichia coli K12 P76014 AND P76015 AND P37349 subunits dhaL, dhaK, and dhaM
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.7.1.121 additional information under aerobic conditions, Escherichia coli growth on dihydroxyacetone (DHA) is far from optimal and is hindered by chemical, hierarchical, and possibly allosteric constraints. Optimal growth on DHA can be restored by releasing the hierarchical constraint. Escherichia coli growth on DHA is robust but suboptimal Escherichia coli
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.7.1.121 additional information glycerone (DHA) is an unstable compound that can be interconverted into different forms when dissolved in water or autoxidized by Fenton's reaction to form glycolate, other short-chained carbohydrates, and organic acids upon incubation. NMR analysis of DHA stability at 37°C Escherichia coli ?
-
-
2.7.1.121 additional information glycerone (DHA) is an unstable compound that can be interconverted into different forms when dissolved in water or autoxidized by Fenton's reaction to form glycolate, other short-chained carbohydrates, and organic acids upon incubation. NMR analysis of DHA stability at 37°C Escherichia coli BW25113 ?
-
-
2.7.1.121 additional information glycerone (DHA) is an unstable compound that can be interconverted into different forms when dissolved in water or autoxidized by Fenton's reaction to form glycolate, other short-chained carbohydrates, and organic acids upon incubation. NMR analysis of DHA stability at 37°C Escherichia coli K12 ?
-
-
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone
-
 Escherichia coli pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone glycerone is dihydroxyacetone Escherichia coli pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone
-
 Escherichia coli BW25113 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone glycerone is dihydroxyacetone Escherichia coli BW25113 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone
-
 Escherichia coli K12 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?
2.7.1.121 phosphoenolpyruvate + glycerone glycerone is dihydroxyacetone Escherichia coli K12 pyruvate + glycerone phosphate
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
2.7.1.121 More the enzyme consists of subunits dhaL, dhaK, and dhaM Escherichia coli

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.7.1.121 DhaKLM
-
 Escherichia coli
2.7.1.121 PEP-dependent dihydroxyacetone kinase UniProt Escherichia coli

Turnover Number [1/s]

EC Number Turnover Number Minimum [1/s] Turnover Number Maximum [1/s] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.121 4.8
-
 Glycerone below, pH and temperature not specified in the publication Escherichia coli

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
2.7.1.121 malfunction dhaK transposon insertion prevents the growth of Escherichia coli on DHA indicates that DhaKLM reaction is important. Inactivation of dhaKLM is not lethal. Overexpression of the GLD and FSA pathways leads to optimal growth on DHA Escherichia coli
2.7.1.121 metabolism Escherichia coli can metabolize DHA aerobically through at least three different metabolic pathways: (i) the dihydroxyacetone kinase (DAK) pathway, (ii) the glycerol (GLD) pathway, and (iii) the fructose-6-phosphate (FSA) pathway. The DAK pathway is named after dihydroxyacetone (DHA) kinase, encoded by the dhaKLM operon. This operon is controlled by DhaR, a transcription factor activated by DHA. DhaKLM is composed of three subunits (DhaK, DhaL, and DhaM) and phosphorylates DHA to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), an intermediate in the glycolytic pathway. This kinase resembles a phosphotransferase system (PTS) that uses phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) as a phosphoryl donor. Experimental and simulated fluxes through DHA metabolism of Escherichia coli, analysis of the metabolic regulation and function of DHA, overview. The DAK pathway is central but not essential for DHA metabolism. The GLD and FSA pathways are functionally involved in DHA metabolism Escherichia coli
2.7.1.121 physiological function Escherichia coli can metabolize DHA aerobically through at least three different metabolic pathways: (i) the dihydroxyacetone kinase (DAK) pathway, (ii) the glycerol (GLD) pathway, and (iii) the fructose-6-phosphate (FSA) pathway. The DAK pathway is named after dihydroxyacetone (DHA) kinase, encoded by the dhaKLM operon. This operon is controlled by DhaR, a transcription factor activated by DHA. DhaKLM is composed of three subunits (DhaK, DhaL, and DhaM) and phosphorylates DHA to dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), an intermediate in the glycolytic pathway Escherichia coli

kcat/KM [mM/s]

EC Number kcat/KM Value [1/mMs-1] kcat/KM Value Maximum [1/mMs-1] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
2.7.1.121 800
-
 Glycerone below, pH and temperature not specified in the publication Escherichia coli