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Literature summary extracted from

  • Zhang, H.; Gu, Z.; Wu, Q.; Yang, L.; Liu, C.; Ma, H.; Xia, Y.; Ge, X.
    Arabidopsis PARG1 is the key factor promoting cell survival among the enzymes regulating post-translational poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (2015), Sci. Rep., 5, 15892 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.2.1.143 gene PARG1, recombinant expression of GST-tagged wild-type and mutant enzymes Arabidopsis thaliana

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
3.2.1.143 E273N site-directed mutagenesis Arabidopsis thaliana

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
3.2.1.143 nucleus
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana 5634
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O Arabidopsis thaliana
-
 ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0
-
 ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.2.1.143 Arabidopsis thaliana Q9SKB3
-
-
3.2.1.143 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 Q9SKB3
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
3.2.1.143 additional information PARG1 is induced primarily in mitotically active cells Arabidopsis thaliana
-
3.2.1.143 root apical meristem
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 Arabidopsis thaliana
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3.2.1.143 seedling
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-
3.2.1.143 shoot meristem
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O PARylated PARP1 substrate Arabidopsis thaliana ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ?
-
 ?
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) + H2O PARylated PARP1 substrate Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
3.2.1.143 PARG1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana
3.2.1.143 poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase 1
-
 Arabidopsis thaliana

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
3.2.1.143 Arabidopsis thaliana PARG1 expression is induced primarily in root and shoot meristems by bleomycin and induction of PARG1 is dependent on ATM and ATR kinases. PARG1 is induced primarily in mitotically active cells up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
3.2.1.143 malfunction mutation of PARG1 results in increased DNA damage level and enhanced cell death in plants after bleomycin treatment. Inhibition or silencing of PARPs improves abiotic stress tolerance, enhancing resistance to drought, high light, heat and oxidative stresses, and perturbs innate immune responses to microbe-associated molecular patterns such as flg22 and elf18, resulting in a compromised basal defense response. Phenotypic comparison of the loss-of-function mutants of all PARP and PARG genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, overview. Loss-of-PARG1 leads to the transcriptional up-regulation of DNA repair genes and increase of cellular DNA damage level. The parg1 mutants show only yellow instead of green seedlings with reduced fresh weight compared to wild-type. The parg1-4 mutant root is more sensitive to bleomycin than that of wild-type Col-0 Arabidopsis thaliana
3.2.1.143 metabolism poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation is a reversible post-translational modification of proteins, characterized by the addition of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) to proteins by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), and removal of PAR by poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Three PARPs and two PARGs have been found in Arabidopsis thaliana. PARG1 and PARG2 play an essential and a minor role, respectively under the same conditions Arabidopsis thaliana
3.2.1.143 physiological function PARG1 has poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR)-degrading activity and regulates poly(ADP-ribose) level in vivo. PARG1 and PARG2 play an essential and a minor role, respectively under the same conditions. PARG1 expression is induced primarily in root and shoot meristems by bleomycin and induction of PARG1 is dependent on ATM and ATR kinases. PARG1 antagonistically modulates the DNA repair process by preventing the over-induction of DNA repair genes. PARG1 plays a critical role in this process. Roles of PARP1 and PARP2 in DNA damage signaling. Induction of PARG1 gene is ATM- and ATR-dependent and PARG1 represses the transcriptional upregulation of ATM, ATR and SOG1. ATM and ATR are two critical kinases which transduce double and single strand break signals to DNA repair machinery, respectively. They phosphorylate the transcription factor SOG1, which then induces the expression of DNA repair genes Arabidopsis thaliana