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Literature summary extracted from

  • Yang, P.J.; Zhan, M.Y.; Ye, C.; Yu, X.Q.; Rao, X.J.
    Molecular cloning and characterization of a short peptidoglycan recognition protein from silkworm Bombyx mori (2017), Insect Mol. Biol., 26, 665-676 .
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.5.1.28 PGRP-S4, DNA and amino acid sequence determination analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis and tree, recombinant expression of His-tagged enzyme in Escherichia coli strain BL21, real-time PCR analysis enzyme expression analysis Bombyx mori

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
3.5.1.28 additional information the enzyme contains a signal peptide Bombyx mori
-
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
3.5.1.28 Zn2+ required for catalysis Bombyx mori

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
3.5.1.28 Bombyx mori
-
-
-

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
3.5.1.28 recombinant His-tagged enzyme from Escherichia coli strain BL21 by nickel affinity chromatography and dialysis Bombyx mori

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
3.5.1.28 fat body
-
 Bombyx mori
-
3.5.1.28 hemocyte
-
 Bombyx mori
-
3.5.1.28 larva induction of PGRP-S4 in larvae Bombyx mori
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3.5.1.28 midgut
-
 Bombyx mori
-
3.5.1.28 plasma cell
-
 Bombyx mori
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
3.5.1.28 additional information the enzyme hydrolyses an Escherichia coli peptidoglycan Bombyx mori ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
3.5.1.28 PGRP-S4
-
 Bombyx mori
3.5.1.28 short peptidoglycan recognition protein 4
-
 Bombyx mori

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
3.5.1.28 25 37 assay at Bombyx mori

Expression

EC Number Organism Comment Expression
3.5.1.28 Bombyx mori the transcription of PGRP-S4 is influenced differentially in different tissues, and the midgut responds to bacterial challenges most strongly additional information
3.5.1.28 Bombyx mori the enzyme expression level is significantly induced by bacterial challenges in the midgut. Six hours after feeding, Staphylococcus aureus stimulates the PGRP-S4 level to over 150fold, and the level climbs even higher to 600fold at 12 h up

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
3.5.1.28 evolution peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) are a family of pattern recognition receptors that recognize peptidoglycans and modulate innate immune responses. Some PGRPs retain N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase activity to hydrolyse bacterial peptidoglycans Bombyx mori
3.5.1.28 physiological function short peptidoglycan recognition protein 4 (PGRP-S4) can activate prophenoloxidase (proPO). In haemolymph, it may hydrolyse peptidoglycan to kill bacteria and enhance proPO activation. The recombinant enzyme PGRP-S4 binds bacteria and different peptidoglycans. In addition, it inhibits bacterial growth of Bacillus subtilis, not of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Serratia marcescens, and hydrolyses an Escherichia coli peptidoglycan in the presence of Zn2+ Bombyx mori