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Literature summary extracted from

  • Gnanasekaran, T.; Vavitsas, K.; Andersen-Ranberg, J.; Nielsen, A.Z.; Olsen, C.E.; Hamberger, B.; Jensen, P.E.
    Heterologous expression of the isopimaric acid pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana and the effect of N-terminal modifications of the involved cytochrome P450 enzyme (2015), J. Biol. Eng., 9, 24 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
4.2.3.44 functional expression of Picea abies isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection method, coexpression with a multifunctional cytochrome P450 (CYP720B4) from Picea sitchensis, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain NEB10beta Picea abies
5.5.1.12 functional expression of Picea abies isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves via Agrobacterium tumefaciens transfection method, coexpression with a multifunctional cytochrome P450 (CYP720B4) from Picea sitchensis, subcloning in Escherichia coli strain NEB10beta Picea abies

Protein Variants

EC Number Protein Variants Comment Organism
4.2.3.44 additional information transient heterologous expression of the isopimaric acid pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana. Expressing DXS and GGPPs from Plectranthus barbatus in Nicotiana benthamiana are efficient in boosting diterpenoid levels compared to coexpression of the Nicotiana endogenous DXS and GGPPs genes, which have no effect on boosting diterpenoid level. Pigment analysis of infiltrated leaves, overview Picea abies
5.5.1.12 additional information transient heterologous expression of the isopimaric acid pathway in Nicotiana benthamiana. Expressing DXS and GGPPs from Plectranthus barbatus in Nicotiana benthamiana are efficient in boosting diterpenoid levels compared to coexpression of the Nicotiana endogenous DXS and GGPPs genes, which have no effect on boosting diterpenoid level. Pigment analysis of infiltrated leaves, overview Picea abies

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
4.2.3.44 chloroplast
-
 Picea abies 9507
-
5.5.1.12 chloroplast
-
 Picea abies 9507
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
4.2.3.44 Mg2+ required Picea abies
5.5.1.12 Mg2+ required Picea abies

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.44 (+)-copalyl diphosphate Picea abies
-
 isopimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate
-
 ?
5.5.1.12 geranylgeranyl diphosphate Picea abies
-
 (+)-copalyl diphosphate
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
4.2.3.44 Picea abies Q675L5
-
-
5.5.1.12 Picea abies Q675L5
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
4.2.3.44 leaf
-
 Picea abies
-
5.5.1.12 leaf
-
 Picea abies
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
4.2.3.44 (+)-copalyl diphosphate
-
 Picea abies isopimara-7,15-diene + diphosphate
-
 ?
4.2.3.44 additional information the bifunctional diterpene synthase isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) catalyzes the cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to (+)-copalyl diphosphate (cf. EC 5.5.1.12) and the formation of isopimara-7,15-diene from (+)-copalyl diphosphate. Compound identification and quantification by GC-MS analysis Picea abies ?
-
 ?
5.5.1.12 geranylgeranyl diphosphate
-
 Picea abies (+)-copalyl diphosphate
-
 ?
5.5.1.12 additional information the bifunctional diterpene synthase isopimara-7, 15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) catalyzes the cyclization of geranylgeranyl diphosphate to (+)-copalyl diphosphate and the formation of isopimara-7,15-diene from (+)-copalyl diphosphate (cf. EC 4.2.3.44). Compound identification and quantification by GC-MS analysis Picea abies ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
4.2.3.44 diTPS-ISO
-
 Picea abies
4.2.3.44 isopimara-7, 15-diene synthase
-
 Picea abies
4.2.3.44 More cf. EC 5.5.1.12 Picea abies
5.5.1.12 diTPS-ISO
-
 Picea abies
5.5.1.12 More cf. EC 4.2.3.44 Picea abies

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
4.2.3.44 metabolism the bifunctional diterpene synthase, isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) and a multifunctional cytochrome P450, CYP720B4 perform the biosynthesis of isopimaric acid. The diterpene synthase converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the tricyclic diterpene isopimara-7,15-diene (isopimaradiene) via formation of (+)-copalyl diphosphate. In three subsequent oxygenation reactions, the endoplasmic reticulum-associated enzyme CYP720B4 catalyzes the conversion of isopimaradiene into isopimaric acid, pathway overview Picea abies
4.2.3.44 physiological function the chloroplastidic bifunctional diterpene synthase, isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) from Picea abies and a cytosolic multifunctional cytochrome P450 (CYP720B4, UniProt ID E5FA70) from Picea sitchensis, which is associated to the endoplasmic reticulum. The diterpene synthase diTPS-ISO also converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the tricyclic diterpene isopimara-7,15-diene (isopimaradiene) Picea abies
5.5.1.12 metabolism the bifunctional diterpene synthase, isopimara-7, 15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) and a multifunctional cytochrome P450, CYP720B4 perform the biosynthesis of isopimaric acid. The diterpene synthase converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the tricyclic diterpene isopimara-7,15-diene (isopimaradiene) via formation of (+)-copalyl diphosphate. In three subsequent oxygenation reactions, the endoplasmic reticulum-associated enzyme CYP720B4 catalyzes the conversion of isopimaradiene into isopimaric acid, pathway overview Picea abies
5.5.1.12 physiological function the chloroplastidic bifunctional diterpene synthase, isopimara-7,15-diene synthase (diTPS-ISO) from Picea abies and a cytosolic multifunctional cytochrome P450 (CYP720B4, UniProt ID E5FA70) from Picea sitchensis, which is associated to the endoplasmic reticulum. The diterpene synthase diTPS-ISO converts geranylgeranyl diphosphate (GGPP) to the tricyclic diterpene isopimara-7,15-diene (isopimaradiene) Picea abies