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Literature summary extracted from

  • Shroads, A.L.; Coats, B.S.; Langaee, T.; Shuster, J.J.; Stacpoole, P.W.
    Chloral hydrate, through biotransformation to dichloroacetate, inhibits maleylacetoacetate isomerase and tyrosine catabolism in humans (2015), Drug Metab. Pers. Ther., 30, 49-55 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Application

EC Number Application Comment Organism
2.5.1.18 medicine dichloroacetate, a degradation product of chloral hydrate, is further metabolized by glutathione transferase zeta 1, and inhibits its own metabolism through depletion/inactivation of GSTZ1/MAAI with repeated exposure, resulting in lower plasma clearance of the drug and the accumulation of the urinary biomarker maleylacetone. The amount of dichloroacetate produced from clinically relevant doses of chloral hydrate, although insufficient to alter dichloroacetate kinetics, is sufficient to inhibit MAAI and tyrosine catabolism Homo sapiens
5.2.1.2 medicine dichloroacetate, a degradation product of chloral hydrate, is further metabolized by glutathione transferase zeta 1, and inhibits its own metabolism through depletion/inactivation of GSTZ1/MAAI with repeated exposure, resulting in lower plasma clearance of the drug and the accumulation of the urinary biomarker maleylacetone. The amount of dichloroacetate produced from clinically relevant doses of chloral hydrate, although insufficient to alter dichloroacetate kinetics, is sufficient to inhibit MAAI and tyrosine catabolism Homo sapiens

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.5.1.18 Homo sapiens O43708 bifunctional enzyme, catalyzes reactions of maleylacetoacetate isomerase, EC 5.2.1.2 and of EC 2.5.1.18
-
5.2.1.2 Homo sapiens O43708 bifunctional enzyme, catalyzes reactions of EC 5.2.1.2 and glutathione-conjugating activity, EC 2.5.1.18
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.5.1.18 dichloroacetate + glutathione
-
 Homo sapiens 2-(glutathion-S-yl)-chloroacetate + HCl
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
2.5.1.18 glutathione transferase zeta 1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.5.1.18 Gstz1
-
 Homo sapiens
2.5.1.18 MAAI
-
 Homo sapiens
2.5.1.18 More maleylacetoacetate isomerase, EC 5.2.1.2, bifunctional enzyme Homo sapiens
5.2.1.2 Gstz1
-
 Homo sapiens
5.2.1.2 MAAI
-
 Homo sapiens
5.2.1.2 maleylacetoacetate isomerase
-
 Homo sapiens
5.2.1.2 More glutathione transferase zeta 1, EC 2.5.1.18, bifunctional enzyme Homo sapiens