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Literature summary extracted from

  • Meirer, K.; Glatzel, D.; Kretschmer, S.; Wittmann, S.K.; Hartmann, M.; Bloecher, R.; Angioni, C.; Geisslinger, G.; Steinhilber, D.; Hofmann, B.; Fuerst, R.; Proschak, E.
    Design, synthesis and cellular characterization of a dual inhibitor of 5-lipoxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase (2016), Molecules, 22, 45.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
3.1.1.7 gene ace1, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.7 gene ace1, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of isozyme PpAChE1 in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells using the baculovirus transfection system Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 gene ace2, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of isozyme PpAChE2 in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells using the baculovirus transfection system Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 gene ace3, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of isozyme PpAChE3 in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells using the baculovirus transfection system Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 gene ace4, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of isozyme PpAChE4 in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells using the baculovirus transfection system Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 gene ace5, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant expression of isozyme PpAChE5 as EGFP-tagged protein in Spodoptera frugiperda Sf9 cells using the baculovirus transfection system Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 gene ache, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis Tetronarce californica

Crystallization (Commentary)

EC Number Crystallization (Comment) Organism
3.1.1.7 analysis of crystal structure PDB ID 4ey4 Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 analysis of crystal structure PDB ID 4ey4 Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 purified enzyme human BChE in complex with the reversible ligands, decamethonium, thioflavin T, propidium, huprine, and ethopropazine, crystals of the BChES2-propidium complex were grown by cocrystallization in the presence of 1 mM ligand. The structure of the complex is solved at 3.0 A resolution, the structure of enzyme-decamethonium is solved at 2.3 A resolution, crystals of the BChECHO-ethopropazine complex are grown by cocrystallization in the presence of 1 mM ligand, the structure is solved at 2.35 A resolution Homo sapiens

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.13.11.34 1-(3-[5-(hydroxyureido)methyl-2-methoxyphenoxy]propyl)-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]urea KM55, a multitarget ligand and dual 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)/soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) inhibitor. KM55 potently inhibits both enzymes in vitro and attenuates the formation of leukotrienes in human whole blood. It significantly inhibits the LPS-induced adhesion of leukocytes to endothelial cells by blocking leukocyte activation. Compound synthesis and evaluation, overview. KM55 inhibits the formation of leukotriene B4 and 5-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid, while the formation of 12-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate and 15-hydroperoxyicosatetraenoate are unaffected. KM55 blocks leukocyte-endothelial cell interaction by impairing leukocyte activation, whereas endothelial cells are not affected Homo sapiens
1.13.11.34 zileuton
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 (7R,11R)-huprine 19 huprines are a family of nano- to femtomolar inhibitors of AChE with specificity for the A-site interaction. The main feature is the remarkable embedding of the chloroquinolinium moiety into an aromatic stacking pile involving Trp86/HuprineW/Tyr337/Phe338/Phe295/Trp236 Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 (7R,11R)-huprine 19 huprines are a family of nano- to femtomolar inhibitors of AChE with specificity for the A-site interaction. The main feature is the remarkable embedding of the chloroquinolinium moiety into an aromatic stacking pile involving Trp86/HuprineW/Tyr337/Phe338/Phe295/Trp236 Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 (7S,11S)-huprine W huprines are a family of nano- to femtomolar inhibitors of AChE with specificity for the A-site interaction. The main feature is the remarkable embedding of the chloroquinolinium moiety into an aromatic stacking pile involving Trp86/HuprineW/Tyr337/Phe338/Phe295/Trp236 Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 (7S,11S)-huprine W huprines are a family of nano- to femtomolar inhibitors of AChE with specificity for the A-site interaction. The main feature is the remarkable embedding of the chloroquinolinium moiety into an aromatic stacking pile involving Trp86/HuprineW/Tyr337/Phe338/Phe295/Trp236 Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 BW284c51 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide; 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide; 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide; 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide; 1,5-bis(4-allyldimethylammoniumphenyl)-pentan-3-one dibromide Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 Carbaryl
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 decamethonium decamethonium is a prototypical dual binding site ligand of AChE that spans the active site gorge from the P-site to the choline binding pocket in the A-site Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 decamethonium decamethonium is a prototypical dual binding site ligand of AChE that spans the active site gorge from the P-site to the choline binding pocket in the A-site, where it is stabilized by the cation-Pi interactions illustrated in its complex with Torpedo californica AChE (TcAChE), binding structure, overview Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 diazoxon
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 edrophonium
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 edrophonium
-
Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 eserine
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 ethopropazine ethopropazine is a substituted phenothiazine with a marked specificity for BChE. The 9000fold difference in Ki between hAChE and hBChE (EC 3.1.1.8) reflects this specificity Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 ethopropazine
-
Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 fenobucarb
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 iso-ompa tetraisopropyl diphosphoramide, inhibition of activity with butyrylthiocholine Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 additional information determination and analysis of the crystal structures of enzyme-bound ligands Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 additional information no inhibition of activity with butyrylthiocholine by ISO-OMPA (tetraisopropyl diphosphoramide); no inhibition of activity with butyrylthiocholine by ISO-OMPA (tetraisopropyl diphosphoramide); no inhibition of activity with butyrylthiocholine by ISO-OMPA (tetraisopropyl diphosphoramide); no inhibition of activity with butyrylthiocholine by ISO-OMPA (tetraisopropyl diphosphoramide) Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 additional information determination and analysis of the crystal structures of enzyme-bound ligands Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 paraoxon
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 propidium
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 propidium structure of the complex is solved at 3.0 A resolution, absence involving Trp279 in TcAChE at the gorge Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 thioflavin T
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 thioflavin T ThT, is not sufficiently long to span the P-site and the choline binding site pocket of enzyme TcAChE. The benzothiazole and dimethylaminophenyl rings, and the dimethylamino group of this ligand are coplanar and lay parallel to Trp279 and Tyr334 and Phe330, respectively. The dimethylamino group is at 3.3 A from the aromatic ring of Phe330 but remains far from the gorge bottom, at a distance of 8.5 A from the carboxylate oxygens of Glu199. This position at the P-site allows concomitant binding of A-site ligands like edrophonium or m-(N,N,N-trimethylammonio)trifluoroacetophenone (TMTFA) through an adjustment of the orientation of Phe330 Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.8 (7R,11R)-huprine 19 binding structure from analysis of the crystal structure Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 (7S,11S)-huprine W binding structure from analysis of the crystal structure Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 decamethonium binding structure from analysis of the crystal structure determined at 2.3 A resolution, overview. Decamethonium spans the gorge of BChE Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 edrophonium lower inhibition Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 ethopropazine ethopropazine is a substituted phenothiazine with a marked specificity for BChE. The 9000fold difference in Ki between hAChE and hBChE reflects this specificity, structure from analysis of the crystal structure determined at 2.35 A resolution, overview Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 additional information determination and analysis of the crystal structures of enzyme-bound ligands Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 propidium propidium binds very differently to BChE and mostlly fills the gorge due to absence of a blocking Trp residue. The phenanthridinium ring is slotted into the groove of the acyl-binding pocket, with the amino group at interaction distance from Trp231 (2.8 A to the center of the 6-carbon ring) and Ser198-O (3.3 A), and T-stacked to Phe329. The alkyldiethylmethylammonium moiety extends to Trp82 of the A-site at cation-Pi interaction distance (3.1 A between the 6-carbon ring indole center and C5). The second ethyl group of the quaternary center docks against the propidium phenyl group (4 A to aromatic plane), suggesting an intramolecular cation-Pi interaction. The propidium phenyl group is oriented toward the P-site residues Tyr332 and Asp70 Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 thioflavin T binding structure from analysis of the crystal structure, PDB ID 6ESY, inhibition kinetics and thermodynamics, overview Homo sapiens

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
3.1.1.7 additional information
-
additional information Michaelis-Menten kinetics Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.0429
-
acetylthiocholine pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.0616
-
acetylthiocholine pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.1986
-
butyrylthiocholine pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.2694
-
butyrylthiocholine pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.2793
-
propionylthiocholine pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.5036
-
propionylthiocholine pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.5368
-
acetylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.8588
-
butyrylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 1.1486
-
propionylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 1.304
-
acetylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 1.529
-
butyrylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 1.548
-
propionylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 4.414
-
acetylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 4.496
-
propionylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 4.542
-
butyrylthiocholine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.34 arachidonate + O2 Homo sapiens
-
(5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O Tetronarce californica
-
choline + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O Pardosa pseudoannulata
-
choline + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O Tetranychus urticae
-
choline + acetate
-
?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.13.11.34 Homo sapiens P09917
-
-
3.1.1.7 Homo sapiens P22303
-
-
3.1.1.7 Pardosa pseudoannulata A0A1B1FIV8 collected from paddy fields of Nanjing (Jiangsu, China) in September 2015
-
3.1.1.7 Pardosa pseudoannulata A0A1B1FIW0 collected from paddy fields of Nanjing (Jiangsu, China) in September 2015
-
3.1.1.7 Pardosa pseudoannulata A0A1B1FIW2 collected from paddy fields of Nanjing (Jiangsu, China) in September 2015
-
3.1.1.7 Pardosa pseudoannulata A0A1B1FIZ1 collected from paddy fields of Nanjing (Jiangsu, China) in September 2015
-
3.1.1.7 Pardosa pseudoannulata V5QQC6 collected from paddy fields of Nanjing (Jiangsu, China) in September 2015
-
3.1.1.7 Tetranychus urticae Q86CZ4
-
-
3.1.1.7 Tetronarce californica P04058 i.e. Tetronarce californica
-
3.1.1.8 Homo sapiens P06276
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.13.11.34 endothelial cell
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.34 endothelial cell primary Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.34 leukocyte
-
Homo sapiens
-
1.13.11.34 THP-1 cell
-
Homo sapiens
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
3.1.1.7 0.08
-
about, crude recombinant enzyme, pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.1
-
about, crude recombinant enzyme, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.12
-
about, crude recombinant enzyme, pH 7.5, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.23
-
about, crude recombinant enzyme, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.315
-
crude recombinant enzyme, pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.13.11.34 arachidonate + O2
-
Homo sapiens (5S,6S,7E,9E,11Z,14Z)-5,6-epoxyicosa-7,9,11,14-tetraenoate + H2O
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O
-
Tetronarce californica choline + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata choline + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylcholine + H2O
-
Tetranychus urticae choline + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylthiocholine + H2O
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 acetylthiocholine + H2O preferred substrate, isozyme PpAChE5 shows the highest catalytic efficiency (Vmax/KM) for substrate acetylthiocholine, which is about 5.4 and 8.6 times compared to butyrylthiocholine and propionylthiocholine, respectively Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + acetate
-
?
3.1.1.7 butyrylthiocholine + H2O
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + butyrate
-
?
3.1.1.7 butyrylthiocholine + H2O lower activity Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + butyrate
-
?
3.1.1.7 propionylthiocholine + H2O
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + propionate
-
?
3.1.1.7 propionylthiocholine + H2O low activity Pardosa pseudoannulata thiocholine + propionate
-
?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.13.11.34 5-lipoxygenase
-
Homo sapiens
1.13.11.34 5-LO
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 AcE1
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AcE1
-
Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.7 ACE2
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 ace3
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 ace4
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 ace5
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AChE
-
Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 AChE
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 AChE
-
Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.7 AChE1
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AChE2
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AChE3
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AChE4
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 AChE5
-
Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 hAChE
-
Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 PpAChE5
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 TcAChE
-
Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.8 hBChE
-
Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.13.11.34 37
-
assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.13.11.34 7.4
-
assay at Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 7
-
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 7.5
-
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 8
-
-
Pardosa pseudoannulata

Ki Value [mM]

EC Number Ki Value [mM] Ki Value maximum [mM] Inhibitor Comment Organism Structure
3.1.1.7 additional information
-
additional information ligand dissociation constants and inhibition kinetics Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 0.0000736
-
BW284c51 pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.000245
-
eserine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.000624
-
eserine pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.00155
-
paraoxon pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.00164
-
diazoxon pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.00168
-
Carbaryl pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 0.00185
-
fenobucarb pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.8 additional information
-
additional information ligand dissociation constants and inhibition kinetics Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 0.00043
-
propidium pH and temperature not specified in the publication Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 0.0008
-
thioflavin T pH and temperature not specified in the publication Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 0.0045
-
decamethonium pH and temperature not specified in the publication Homo sapiens
3.1.1.8 0.049
-
edrophonium pH and temperature not specified in the publication Homo sapiens

IC50 Value

EC Number IC50 Value IC50 Value Maximum Comment Organism Inhibitor Structure
1.13.11.34 0.0013
-
pH 7.4, 37°C Homo sapiens 1-(3-[5-(hydroxyureido)methyl-2-methoxyphenoxy]propyl)-3-[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]urea
3.1.1.7 0.0000368
-
pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata BW284c51
3.1.1.7 0.0000512
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata BW284c51
3.1.1.7 0.0000652
-
pH 8.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata eserine
3.1.1.7 0.0001167
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata eserine
3.1.1.7 0.000471
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata BW284c51
3.1.1.7 0.001163
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata eserine
3.1.1.7 0.00186
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata eserine
3.1.1.7 0.00254
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata BW284c51
3.1.1.7 0.0217
-
pH 7.0, temperature not specified in the publication Pardosa pseudoannulata iso-ompa

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
3.1.1.7 evolution key amino acid differences at functional sites among AChEs of Torpedo californica, Tetranychus urticae, and Pardosa pseudoannulata, evolutionary relationships, overview Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 evolution key amino acid differences at functional sites among AChEs of Torpedo californica, Tetranychus urticae, and Pardosa pseudoannulata, evolutionary relationships, overview Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 evolution key amino acid differences at functional sites among AChEs of Torpedo californica, Tetranychus urticae, and Pardosa pseudoannulata, evolutionary relationships, overview Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.7 additional information catalysis takes place in a 20-A deep active site gorge and involves a catalytic triad of serine, histidine, and glutamate residues located near the bottom of the gorge, denoted the acylation or A-site. The region near the rim of the gorge has been denoted the peripheral site or P-site Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 additional information catalysis takes place in a 20-A deep active site gorge and involves a catalytic triad of serine, histidine, and glutamate residues located near the bottom of the gorge, denoted the acylation or A-site. The region near the rim of the gorge has been denoted the peripheral site or P-site Homo sapiens
3.1.1.7 additional information the catalytic triad is formed by residues S200, E327, and H440 Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 additional information the catalytic triad is formed by Ser, Glu, and His residues Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 additional information the catalytic triad is formed by Ser, Glu, and His residues Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.7 physiological function acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important neurotransmitter hydrolase in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. The number of AChEs is various among invertebrate species, with different functions including the classical role in terminating synaptic transmission and other non-classical roles Tetronarce californica
3.1.1.7 physiological function acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important neurotransmitter hydrolase in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. The number of AChEs is various among invertebrate species, with different functions including the classical role in terminating synaptic transmission and other non-classical roles Pardosa pseudoannulata
3.1.1.7 physiological function acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is an important neurotransmitter hydrolase in invertebrate and vertebrate nervous systems. The number of AChEs is various among invertebrate species, with different functions including the classical role in terminating synaptic transmission and other non-classical roles Tetranychus urticae
3.1.1.8 additional information catalysis takes place in a 20-A deep active site gorge and involves a catalytic triad of serine, histidine, and glutamate residues located near the bottom of the gorge, denoted the acylation or A-site. The region near the rim of the gorge has been denoted the peripheral site or P-site Homo sapiens