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Literature summary extracted from

  • Liu, Y.; Shi, Z.; Maximova, S.; Payne, M.J.; Guiltinan, M.J.
    Proanthocyanidin synthesis in Theobroma cacao: genes encoding anthocyanidin synthase, anthocyanidin reductase, and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (2013), BMC Plant Biol., 13, 202.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.17.1.3 recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli Theobroma cacao

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.17.1.3 Theobroma cacao
-
-
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.17.1.3 flower
-
 Theobroma cacao
-
1.17.1.3 leaf
-
 Theobroma cacao
-
1.17.1.3 pod pod exocarp Theobroma cacao
-
1.17.1.3 seed
-
 Theobroma cacao
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.17.1.3 3,4-cis-leucoanthocyanidin + NADPH
-
 Theobroma cacao 2,3-trans-catechin + NADP+ + H2O
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 leucoanthocyanidin reductase
-
 Theobroma cacao
1.17.1.3 TcLAR
-
 Theobroma cacao

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 30
-
 assay at Theobroma cacao

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 7
-
 assay at Theobroma cacao

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.17.1.3 malfunction transgenic tobacco overexpressing TcLAR have decreased amounts of anthocyanidins and increased proanthocyanidins. Overexpressing TcLAR in Arabidopsis ldox mutant also results in elevated synthesis of not only catechin but also epicatechin Theobroma cacao