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Literature summary extracted from

  • Steiger, S.; Astier, C.; Sandmann, G.
    Substrate specificity of the expressed carotenoid 3,4-desaturase from Rubrivivax gelatinosus reveals the detailed reaction sequence to spheroidene and spirilloxanthin (2000), Biochem. J., 349, 635-640.
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.3.99.27 expressed in Escherichia coli Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.37 expression in Escherichia coli Rubrivivax gelatinosus

KM Value [mM]

EC Number KM Value [mM] KM Value Maximum [mM] Substrate Comment Organism Structure
1.3.99.27 0.019
-
 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.27 0.025
-
 1-hydroxyneurosporene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.27 0.04
-
 1-hydroxylycopene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.37 0.019
-
 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.37 0.025
-
 1-hydroxy-neurosporene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.37 0.04
-
 1-hydroxylycopene pH 7.8, 28°C Rubrivivax gelatinosus

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.3.99.27 Rubrivivax gelatinosus
-
-
-
1.3.99.37 Rubrivivax gelatinosus Q9JPB5
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.3.99.27 1'-hydroxy-gamma-carotene + acceptor 15% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1'-hydroxytorulene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + acceptor 38% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene + acceptor 39% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1'-hydroxy-1-demethylspheroidene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1-hydroxy-3',4'-didehydrolycopene + acceptor 28% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-hydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1-hydroxy-zeta-carotene + acceptor 15% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-hydroxy-3,4-didehydro-zeta-carotene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1-hydroxylycopene + acceptor 33% conversion. The 3,4-desaturation reaction can only occur with mono-1-hydroxy carotenoids at a Psi-end group or with 1,1'-dihydroxy derivatives carrying a 3'4'-double bond. In addition, 1-hydroxy-zeta-carotene could also be converted by the desaturase. Enzyme kinetic studies show a substrate preference of 1-hydroxyneurosporene over 1-hydroxyycopene Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1-hydroxyneurosporene + acceptor 47% conversion. The 3,4-desaturation reaction can only occur with mono-1-hydroxy carotenoids at a Psi-end group or with 1,1'-dihydroxy derivatives carrying a 3'4'-double bond. In addition, 1-hydroxy-zeta-carotene could also be converted by the desaturase. Enzyme kinetic studies show a substrate preference of 1-hydroxyneurosporene over 1-hydroxylycopene Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-demethylspheroidene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + acceptor 37% conversion Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor
-
 ?
1.3.99.27 additional information no activity with 1,1'-dihydroxylycopene, 1-methoxyneurosporene, 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene, 1,1'-dihydroxy-zeta-carotene, demethylspheroidene and 1'-hydroxyspheroidene Rubrivivax gelatinosus ?
-
 ?
1.3.99.37 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1,1'-dihydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor 38% conversion ?
1.3.99.37 1,1'-dihydroxyneurosporene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene + reduced acceptor 39% conversion ?
1.3.99.37 1-hydroxy-3',4'-didehydrolycopene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1'-hydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor 28% conversion ?
1.3.99.37 1-hydroxy-neurosporene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus demethylspheroidene + reduced acceptor 47% conversion ?
1.3.99.37 1-hydroxylycopene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor 33% conversion ?
1.3.99.37 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxy-3,4-didehydrolycopene + acceptor
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus 1-methoxy-1'-hydroxy-3,4,3',4'-tetradehydrolycopene + reduced acceptor 37% conversion r
1.3.99.37 additional information The 3,4-desaturation reaction can only occur with mono-1-hydroxy carotenoids at a psi-end group or with 1,1'-dihydroxy derivatives carrying a 3',4'-double bond. 1-OH-zeta-carotene can also be converted by the desaturase. 1-OH-neurosporene is preferred over 1-OH-lycopene. No substrates are 1'-hydroxydemethylspheroidene, 1-methoxyneurosporene, 1,1'-dihydroxylycopene Rubrivivax gelatinosus ?
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.3.99.27 CrtD
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.27 hydroxyneurosporene desaturase
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.37 hydroxyneurosporene desaturase
-
 Rubrivivax gelatinosus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.3.99.27 28
-
 assay at Rubrivivax gelatinosus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.3.99.27 7.8
-
 assay at Rubrivivax gelatinosus

General Information

EC Number General Information Comment Organism
1.3.99.27 malfunction the deletion mutant shows a different carotenoid pattern than the wild-type enzyme Rubrivivax gelatinosus
1.3.99.27 physiological function the enzyme is involved in biosynthesis of spirilloxanthin and spheroidene Rubrivivax gelatinosus