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Literature summary extracted from

  • Manzanaro, S.; Salva, J.; de la Fuente, J.A.
    Phenolic marine natural products as aldose reductase inhibitors (2006), J. Nat. Prod., 69, 1485-1487.
    View publication on PubMed

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 (4-hydroxyphenyl)(6-hydroxypyrazin-2-yl)methanone isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, pyrazine derivative, IC50: 0.0414 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (4-hydroxyphenyl)[4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]methanone isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, imidazole derivative, IC50: 0.0214 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-3-chloro-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.019 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-3-chloro-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.0008 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.020 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-chloro-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.013 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.048 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-chlorofuran-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.017 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.057 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 (5Z)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-chloro-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.046 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 epalrestat orally active inhibitor Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 lukianol B IC50: 0.0006 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 sorbinil orally active inhibitor, IC50: 0.0036 mM Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 Tolrestat orally active inhibitor Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 Zenarestat orally active inhibitor Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 [6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)pyrazin-2-yl](4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, pyrazine derivative, IC50: 0.0194 mM Homo sapiens

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 aldose + NADPH + H+ Homo sapiens
-
 alditol + NADP+
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.1.1.21 Homo sapiens
-
-
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.1.1.21 aldose + NADPH + H+
-
 Homo sapiens alditol + NADP+
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 aldose reductase
-
 Homo sapiens
1.1.1.21 ALR2
-
 Homo sapiens

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.1.1.21 6.2
-
 assay at Homo sapiens

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
1.1.1.21 NADPH
-
 Homo sapiens

IC50 Value

EC Number IC50 Value IC50 Value Maximum Comment Organism Inhibitor Structure
1.1.1.21 0.0006
-
 IC50: 0.0006 mM Homo sapiens lukianol B
1.1.1.21 0.0008
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.0008 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-3-chloro-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.0036
-
 orally active inhibitor, IC50: 0.0036 mM Homo sapiens sorbinil
1.1.1.21 0.013
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.013 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-3-chloro-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.017
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.017 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-chlorofuran-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.019
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.019 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-3-chloro-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.0194
-
 isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, pyrazine derivative, IC50: 0.0194 mM Homo sapiens [6-hydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)pyrazin-2-yl](4-hydroxyphenyl)methanone
1.1.1.21 0.02
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.020 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-4-(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.0214
-
 isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, imidazole derivative, IC50: 0.0214 mM Homo sapiens (4-hydroxyphenyl)[4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl]methanone
1.1.1.21 0.0414
-
 isolated from red ascidian Botryllus leachi, pyrazine derivative, IC50: 0.0414 mM Homo sapiens (4-hydroxyphenyl)(6-hydroxypyrazin-2-yl)methanone
1.1.1.21 0.046
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.046 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-5-[(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-3-chloro-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.048
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.048 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-4-(3-bromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]furan-2(5H)-one
1.1.1.21 0.057
-
 isolated from ascidians Ritterella rubra and Synoicum blochmanni, IC50: 0.057 mM Homo sapiens (5Z)-5-[(3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxyphenyl)methylidene]-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)furan-2(5H)-one