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Literature summary extracted from

  • Huang, Z.A.; Yang, H.; Chen, C.; Zeng, Z.; Lu, S.C.
    Inducers of gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and their effects on glutathione synthetase expression (2000), Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1493, 48-55.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
6.3.2.2 buthionine sulfoximine induction of enzyme expression Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 diethyl maleate induction of enzyme expression Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 ethanol feeding in vivo increases the enzyme expression, treatment of hepatocytes induces the expression of only the heavy enzyme subunit Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 hydrocortisone treatment of hepatocytes induces the expression of only the heavy enzyme subunit Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 Insulin treatment of hepatocytes induces the expression of only the heavy enzyme subunit Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 additional information two-thirds partial hepatectomy increases the enzyme expression Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 tert-butylhydroquinone induction of enzyme expression Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 Thioacetamide induction of enzyme expression Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 buthionine sulfoximine increase in enzyme expression in hepatocytes by 2.55fold after 18 h Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 diethyl maleate increase in enzyme expression in hepatocytes 1.6fold Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 additional information enzyme expression in not affected by insulin and hydrocortisone treatment or by ethanol-feeding, a partial hepatectomy lead to increase in enzyme expression 2.7fold after 12 h Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 tert-butylhydroquinone increase in enzyme expression in hepatocytes 1.7fold Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 Thioacetamide increases the enzyme expression and activity in Chang cells by 50% at 6.66 mM Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 Thioacetamide increases the enzyme expression and activity in hepatocyte cell culture and in liver 5fold in vivo Rattus norvegicus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
6.3.2.3 additional information enzyme expression in not affected by insulin and hydrocortisone treatment or by ethanol-feeding Rattus norvegicus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
6.3.2.2 ATP + L-Glu + L-Cys Rattus norvegicus first step in glutathione biosynthesis ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly Homo sapiens
-
 ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly Rattus norvegicus
-
 ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
6.3.2.2 Rattus norvegicus
-
 male sprague-dawley rats
-
6.3.2.3 Homo sapiens
-
-
-
6.3.2.3 Rattus norvegicus
-
 male sprague-dawley rats
-

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
6.3.2.2 hepatocyte primary cell culture Rattus norvegicus
-
6.3.2.3 cell culture Chang cell Homo sapiens
-
6.3.2.3 cell culture hepatocyte Rattus norvegicus
-
6.3.2.3 Chang cell ATCC CCL-13, cell culture Homo sapiens
-
6.3.2.3 hepatocyte cell culture Rattus norvegicus
-
6.3.2.3 liver
-
 Homo sapiens
-
6.3.2.3 liver
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
6.3.2.2 ATP + L-Glu + L-Cys
-
 Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys
-
 ?
6.3.2.2 ATP + L-Glu + L-Cys first step in glutathione biosynthesis Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly
-
 Homo sapiens ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly
-
 Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly in presence of dithiothreitol Rattus norvegicus ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?
6.3.2.3 ATP + gamma-L-Glu-L-Cys + Gly inpresence of dithiothreitol Homo sapiens ADP + phosphate + glutathione
-
 ?

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
6.3.2.2 gamma-Glutamylcysteine synthetase
-
 Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.2 GCS
-
 Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 Glutathione synthetase
-
 Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 Glutathione synthetase
-
 Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 GS
-
 Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 GS
-
 Rattus norvegicus

Temperature Optimum [°C]

EC Number Temperature Optimum [°C] Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] Comment Organism
6.3.2.3 37
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 37
-
 assay at Rattus norvegicus

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
6.3.2.3 7.3
-
 assay at Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 7.3
-
 assay at Rattus norvegicus

Cofactor

EC Number Cofactor Comment Organism Structure
6.3.2.2 ATP
-
 Rattus norvegicus
6.3.2.3 ATP
-
 Homo sapiens
6.3.2.3 ATP
-
 Rattus norvegicus