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Literature summary extracted from

  • Nakayama, T.; Yonekura-Sakakibara, K.; Sato, T.; Kikuchi, S.; Fukui, Y.; Fukuchi-Mizutani, M.; Ueda, T.; Nakao, M.; Tanaka, Y.; Kusumi, T.; Nishino, T.
    Aureusidin synthase: a polyphenol oxidase homolog responsible for flower coloration (2000), Science, 290, 1163-1166.
    View publication on PubMed

Activating Compound

EC Number Activating Compound Comment Organism Structure
1.21.3.6 H2O2 activates oxidation of 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone Antirrhinum majus

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
1.21.3.6 gene AmAS1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis Antirrhinum majus

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
1.21.3.6 H2O2 inhibits oxidation of 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone Antirrhinum majus

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
1.21.3.6 vacuole
-
 Antirrhinum majus 5773
-

Metals/Ions

EC Number Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
1.21.3.6 Cu2+ copper-containing enzyme, bound via histidine residues in the active site Antirrhinum majus

Molecular Weight [Da]

EC Number Molecular Weight [Da] Molecular Weight Maximum [Da] Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 additional information
-
 enzyme is processed to the mature from a 65 kDa precursor protein by cleavage of the N-terminal part Antirrhinum majus
1.21.3.6 39000
-
 1 * 39000, SDS-PAGE Antirrhinum majus
1.21.3.6 40000
-
 mature enzyme, gel filtration Antirrhinum majus

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
1.21.3.6 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + 1/2 O2 Antirrhinum majus
-
 aureusidin + bracteatin + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone + O2 Antirrhinum majus
-
 aureusidin + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 additional information Antirrhinum majus pathway, overview ?
-
 ?
1.21.3.6 additional information Antirrhinum majus enzyme plays a key role in the yellow coloration of flowers, enzyme is a homologue of plant polyphenol oxidase ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
1.21.3.6 Antirrhinum majus
-
 snapdragon
-
1.21.3.6 Antirrhinum majus
-
 cv. Yellow Butterfly
-
1.21.3.6 Antirrhinum majus
-
 gene AmAS1
-

Posttranslational Modification

EC Number Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 glycoprotein
-
 Antirrhinum majus

Purification (Commentary)

EC Number Purification (Comment) Organism
1.21.3.6 107fold Antirrhinum majus
1.21.3.6 to homogeneity Antirrhinum majus

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
1.21.3.6 flower
-
 Antirrhinum majus
-
1.21.3.6 additional information analysis of spatial and temporal expression Antirrhinum majus
-
1.21.3.6 additional information not in stem and leaf Antirrhinum majus
-
1.21.3.6 petal enzyme expression Antirrhinum majus
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 578
-
 purified enzyme Antirrhinum majus

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
1.21.3.6 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + 1/2 O2
-
 Antirrhinum majus aureusidin + bracteatin + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + O2 best substrate Antirrhinum majus aureusidin + bracteatin + H2O products are formed in a 6:1 ratio ir
1.21.3.6 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone + O2 2210% activity compared to 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone Antirrhinum majus aureusidin + bracteatin + H2O products are formed in a 6:1 ratio ir
1.21.3.6 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone 4'-beta-D-glucopyranoside + O2
-
 Antirrhinum majus aureusidin 6-beta-D-glucopyranoside + bracteatin 6-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone + O2
-
 Antirrhinum majus aureusidin + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone 4'-beta-D-glucopyranoside + O2
-
 Antirrhinum majus aureusidin 6-beta-D-glucopyranoside + H2O
-
 ir
1.21.3.6 additional information enzyme shows no 3',4'-dehydrogenase activity towards aureusidin Antirrhinum majus ?
-
 ?
1.21.3.6 additional information pathway, overview Antirrhinum majus ?
-
 ?
1.21.3.6 additional information enzyme plays a key role in the yellow coloration of flowers, enzyme is a homologue of plant polyphenol oxidase Antirrhinum majus ?
-
 ?

Subunits

EC Number Subunits Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 monomer 1 * 39000, SDS-PAGE Antirrhinum majus

Synonyms

EC Number Synonyms Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 More
-
-

pH Optimum

EC Number pH Optimum Minimum pH Optimum Maximum Comment Organism
1.21.3.6 5 7 broad, formation of aureusidin from 2',3,4,4',6'-pentahydroxychalcone Antirrhinum majus
1.21.3.6 5.4
-
 3-hydroxylation and cyclization of 2',4,4',6'-tetrahydroxychalcone Antirrhinum majus