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Literature summary extracted from

  • Anderson, R.A.; Joyce, C.; Davis, M.; Reagan, J.W.; Clark, M.; Shelness, G.S.; Rudel, L.L.
    Identification of a form of acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase specific to liver and intestine in nonhuman primates (1998), J. Biol. Chem., 273, 26747-26754.
    View publication on PubMed

Cloned(Commentary)

EC Number Cloned (Comment) Organism
2.3.1.26 presence of two gene products: ACAT1 and ACAT2, the gene product ACAT2 cloned from an African green monkey liver cDNA library. Transfection of the cloned ACAT2 cDNA into two different mammalian cell types Platyrrhini

Inhibitors

EC Number Inhibitors Comment Organism Structure
2.3.1.26 CP113818 recombinant enzyme, 80-90% inhibition at 0.0002 mM Platyrrhini
2.3.1.26 PD138412 recombinant enzyme, 80-90% inhibition at 0.003 mM Platyrrhini

Localization

EC Number Localization Comment Organism GeneOntology No. Textmining
2.3.1.26 endoplasmic reticulum
-
 Rattus norvegicus 5783
-
2.3.1.26 endoplasmic reticulum ACAT2: rough Platyrrhini 5783
-

Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)

EC Number Natural Substrates Organism Comment (Nat. Sub.) Natural Products Comment (Nat. Pro.) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.26 long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + cholesterol Rattus norvegicus
-
 CoA + cholesteryl long-chain fatty acyl ester
-
 ?
2.3.1.26 long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + cholesterol Platyrrhini
-
 CoA + cholesteryl long-chain fatty acyl ester
-
 ?
2.3.1.26 additional information Platyrrhini two closely related enzymes identified that catalyse the esterification of cholesterol using acyl-CoA substrates, namely ACAT1 and ACAT2, the orientation of ACAT2 in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, in addition to its expression only in liver and intestine, suggests that this enzyme may have as a primary function, the secretion of cholesteryl esters into apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins ?
-
 ?

Organism

EC Number Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
2.3.1.26 Platyrrhini
-
-
-
2.3.1.26 Rattus norvegicus
-
-
-

Posttranslational Modification

EC Number Posttranslational Modification Comment Organism
2.3.1.26 glycoprotein
-
 Rattus norvegicus
2.3.1.26 glycoprotein two potential N-glycosylation motifs at N329 and N387, only the second of which is present in the human enzyme Platyrrhini

Source Tissue

EC Number Source Tissue Comment Organism Textmining
2.3.1.26 adipose tissue ACAT1 enzyme, high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 adrenal gland
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.3.1.26 adrenal gland ACAT1 enzyme, highest mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 heart ACAT1 enzyme, high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 hepatocyte
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.3.1.26 hepatocyte two different forms of the enzyme are present, ACAT1 and ACAT2 Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 intestine
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.3.1.26 intestine expression of ACAT2 mRNA Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 kidney ACAT1 enzyme, high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 liver
-
 Rattus norvegicus
-
2.3.1.26 liver expression of ACAT2 mRNA. ACAT1 enzyme: high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 pancreas ACAT1 enzyme, high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-
2.3.1.26 trachea ACAT1 enzyme, high mRNA signal Platyrrhini
-

Specific Activity [micromol/min/mg]

EC Number Specific Activity Minimum [µmol/min/mg] Specific Activity Maximum [µmol/min/mg] Comment Organism
2.3.1.26 0.0012
-
 recombinant enzyme ACAT1, vector: pcDNA3+, cell type: AC29 Platyrrhini
2.3.1.26 0.0017
-
 liver microsomes Rattus norvegicus
2.3.1.26 0.0019
-
 recombinant enzyme ACAT2, vector: pCMV5, cell type: AC29 Platyrrhini
2.3.1.26 0.0022
-
 recombinant enzyme ACAT2, vector: pcDNA3+, cell type: AC29 Platyrrhini
2.3.1.26 0.0038
-
 recombinant enzyme ACAT2, vector: pcDNA3+, cell type: COS Platyrrhini

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

EC Number Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
2.3.1.26 long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + cholesterol
-
 Rattus norvegicus CoA + cholesteryl long-chain fatty acyl ester
-
 ?
2.3.1.26 long-chain fatty acyl-CoA + cholesterol
-
 Platyrrhini CoA + cholesteryl long-chain fatty acyl ester
-
 ?
2.3.1.26 additional information two closely related enzymes identified that catalyse the esterification of cholesterol using acyl-CoA substrates, namely ACAT1 and ACAT2, the orientation of ACAT2 in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, in addition to its expression only in liver and intestine, suggests that this enzyme may have as a primary function, the secretion of cholesteryl esters into apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins Platyrrhini ?
-
 ?