Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
expressed in Escherichia coli Top10 cells | Zea mays |
overexpression in Escherichia coli | Zea mays |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
D526N | inactive | Zea mays |
D526N | mutation inactivates the enzyme completely | Zea mays |
Y522F | the mutation strongly reduces the rate of reprotonation of (S)-beta-bisabolene | Zea mays |
KM Value [mM] | KM Value Maximum [mM] | Substrate | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
0.0011 | - |
geranyl diphosphate | recombinant enzyme, in the presence of 0.05 mM Mn2+, pH and temperature not specified in the publication | Zea mays |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
cytoplasm | - |
Zea mays | 5737 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Mg2+ | TPS6 requires a divalent metal ion, with Mg2+ and Mn2+ being effective, optimum activity with 5 mM Mg2+ and 5 mM Mn2+. Although the Km for Mn2+ is significantly lower than for Mg2+, the enzyme is more likely to operate with a Mg2+ cofactor in planta, because the concentration of Mg2+ in plant cells is about 2 orders of magnitudes higher than Mn2+. In the presence of Mn2+, the product spectrum of TPS6 is shifted toward an increased production of (S)-beta-bisabolene and a decreased production of (S)-beta-macrocarpene. KM-value for Mg2+ measured with 0.01 mM farnesyl diphosphate: 0.131 mM | Zea mays | |
Mg2+ | the enzyme is mostly stimulated by 10 mM Mg2+ | Zea mays | |
Mn2+ | TPS6 requires a divalent metal ion, with Mg2+ and Mn2+ being effective, optimum activity with 5 mM Mg2+ and 5 mM Mn2+. Although the Km for Mn2+ is significantly lower than for Mg2+, the enzyme is more likely to operate with a Mg2+ cofactor in planta, because the concentration of Mg2+ in plant cells is about 2 orders of magnitudes higher than Mn2+. In the presence of Mn2+, the product spectrum of TPS6 is shifted toward an increased production of (S)-beta-bisabolene and a decreased production of (S)-beta-macrocarpene. KM-value for Mn2+ measured with 0.01 mM farnesyl diphosphate: 0.0234 mM | Zea mays | |
Mn2+ | the enzyme is stimulated by 0.25 mM Mn2+. In the presence of Mn2+, there is increased formation of (S)-beta-bisabolene | Zea mays | |
additional information | no stimulation of activity is observed in the presence of Ca2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ (0.25 and 5 mM each) | Zea mays |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(S)-beta-bisabolene | Zea mays | the enzyme may be involved in plant defense | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | - |
? | |
(S)-beta-bisabolene | Zea mays | the enzyme may be involved in plant defense | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | i.e. (1'S)-4',5,5-trimethyl-1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)-1,3'-diene. Product is identified by GC-MS | ? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Zea mays | Q1EG72 | variety B73 | - |
Zea mays | Q1EG72 | L. variety B73 | - |
Zea mays | Q5GJ60 | variety B73 | - |
Zea mays | Q5GJ60 | L. variety B73 | - |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
partial | Zea mays |
partial purification | Zea mays |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | - |
Zea mays | - |
root | - |
Zea mays | - |
root | the enzyme is predominantly active in the roots | Zea mays | - |
seedling | - |
Zea mays | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(S)-beta-bisabolene | - |
Zea mays | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | i.e. (1'S)-4',5,5-trimethyl-1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)-1,3'-diene. Product is identified by GC-MS | ? | |
(S)-beta-bisabolene | the enzyme may be involved in plant defense | Zea mays | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | - |
? | |
(S)-beta-bisabolene | the enzyme may be involved in plant defense | Zea mays | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | i.e. (1'S)-4',5,5-trimethyl-1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)-1,3'-diene. Product is identified by GC-MS | ? | |
(S)-beta-bisabolene | the synthesis of (S)-macrocarpene from (2E,6E)-farnesyl diphosphate in two steps. The first step is the cyclization to (S)-beta-. The second step is the isomerization to (S)-beta-macrocarpene ((S)-beta-macrocarpene synthase) | Zea mays | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | i.e. (1'S)-4',5,5-trimethyl-1,1'-bi(cyclohexane)-1,3'-diene. Product is identified by GC-MS | ? | |
(S)-beta-bisabolene | (S)-beta-macrocarpene formation by TPS11 requires a protonation of the (S)-beta-bisabolene intermediate | Zea mays | (S)-beta-macrocarpene | - |
? | |
geranyl diphosphate | - |
Zea mays | (S)-beta-bisabolene + (S)-beta-macrocarpene | in the presence of geranylgeranyl diphosphate, TPS11 also catalyzes the formation of beta-myrcene and linalool, along with minor amounts of limonene, alpha-thujene, sabinene, and alpha-terpinolene | ? | |
additional information | no enzymatic activity is observed in the presence of geranylgeranyl diphosphate | Zea mays | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
TPS11 | - |
Zea mays |
TPS6 | - |
Zea mays |
Temperature Optimum [°C] | Temperature Optimum Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
30 | - |
assay at | Zea mays |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
7 | - |
in presence of 5 mM Mg2+ | Zea mays |
7 | - |
forming beta-macrocarpene | Zea mays |
8.5 | - |
forming beta-bisabolene | Zea mays |
pH Minimum | pH Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
6.2 | 8.6 | half-maximal activity at pH 6.2 and at pH 8.6, in presence of 5 mM Mg2+. Within a pH range from 5.0 to 8.0, the major product is (S)-beta-macrocarpene, but higher pH values favor the formation of (S)-beta-bisabolene | Zea mays |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Zea mays | after leaf damage by Spodoptera littoralis, the transcript level of TSP11 is elevated | up |
Zea mays | after leaf damage by Spodoptera littoralis, the transcript level of TSP6 is elevated | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
physiological function | the enzyme may be involved in plant defense | Zea mays |