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Literature summary for 4.2.3.B35 extracted from

  • Hirte, M.; Meese, N.; Mertz, M.; Fuchs, M.; Brueck, T.B.
    Insights into the bifunctional aphidicolan-16-beta-ol synthase through rapid biomolecular modeling approaches (2018), Front. Chem., 6, 101 .
    View publication on PubMedView publication on EuropePMC
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Protein Variants

Protein Variants Comment Organism
D661A site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation results in a premature termination of the cyclization reaction cascade en-route from syn-copalyl diphosphate to aphidicolan-16-beta-ol, the mutant generates the diterpene macrocycle syn-copalol and a minor, non-hydroxylated labdane related diterpene Neocamarosporium betae
Y658L site-directed mutagenesis, the mutation results in a premature termination of the cyclization reaction cascade en-route from syn-copalyl diphosphate to aphidicolan-16-beta-ol, the mutant generates the diterpene macrocycle syn-copalol and a minor, non-hydroxylated labdane related diterpene Neocamarosporium betae

Metals/Ions

Metals/Ions Comment Organism Structure
Mg2+ required Neocamarosporium betae

Organism

Organism UniProt Comment Textmining
Neocamarosporium betae
-
 i.e. Phoma betae
-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates Comment Substrates Organism Products Comment (Products) Rev. Reac.
syn-copalyl diphosphate + H2O reaction of aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase (EC 4.2.3.42) enzyme mutants Y658L and D661A, no activity with wild-type aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase Neocamarosporium betae syn-copalol + diphosphate
-
 ?

General Information

General Information Comment Organism
evolution enzyme ACS belongs to the diterpene synthase family Neocamarosporium betae
malfunction aphidicolan-16beta-ol synthase (EC 4.2.3.42) enzyme mutants Y658L and D661A show a premature termination of the cyclization reaction cascade en-route from syn-copalyl diphosphate to aphidicolan-16-beta-ol, the mutants generates the diterpene macrocycle syn-copalol and a minor, non-hydroxylated labdane related diterpene. The structural changes D661A and Y658L still allow syn-copalyl diphosphate binding in the active site with subsequent hydrolyses of the diphosphate group. The syn-copalyl carbocation is then quenched either by water (release of syn-copalol) or an amino acid side chain (release of non-hydroxylated diterpene). No other substitution is found that stops cyclization at the proposed transitional states nor changes in the byproduct formation of the active mutants. The ACS cyclization occurs in a spatially restricted area and the diphosphate group remains in the active site Neocamarosporium betae
additional information modeling of the protein-ligand complex structure of fungal, bifunctional aphidicolan-16-beta-ol synthase, molecular dynamic studies, only the ACS alpha-domain sequence is used for homology prediction. The catalytically relevant ACS amino acid network includes residues I626, T657, Y658, A786, F789, and Y923. The initial conversion from the universal diterpene precursor GGDP to syn-CDP occurs in class II active site, located between the ACS beta- and gamma-domain. The subsequent syn-CDP cyclization to aphidicolan-16beta-ol is then conducted in the class I active site that is positioned in the middle of an alpha-helical bundle forming the ACS alpha-domain Neocamarosporium betae