Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
transient expression of FLAG-tagged ACER3 in HSC-1 cells. ACER2 overexpression in HeLa cells, knockdown by RNA interference with ACER2-specific siRNA | Homo sapiens |
Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | overexpression of ACER2 augments the 4-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide-induced generation of dihydrosphingosine, as well as 4-N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide cytotoxicity and death in tumor cells, whereas knocking down ACER2 had the opposite effects. ACER2 overexpression or GT11, a dihydrosphingosine desaturase inhibitor, treatment alone caused little or no decrease in cell viability, whereas ACER2 overexpression along with GT11 treatment markedly decreased cell viability | Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
Golgi apparatus | ACER2 | Homo sapiens | 5794 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ceramide + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
sphingosine + fatty acid | - |
? | |
dihydroceramide + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
dihydrosphingosine + fatty acid | - |
? | |
additional information | Homo sapiens | ACER3 can catalyze the hydrolysis of unsaturated long-chain dihydroceramides as efficiently as unsaturated long-chain ceramides. ACER1 and ACER2, the homologues of ACER3, also catalyzed the hydrolysis of certain dihydroceramide species to generate dihydrosphingosine | ? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | - |
ACER1-3 | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
HSC-1 cell | skin squamous cell carcinoma cells, express very low levels of ACER3 | Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ceramide + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | sphingosine + fatty acid | - |
? | |
dihydroceramide + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | dihydrosphingosine + fatty acid | - |
? | |
additional information | ACER3 can catalyze the hydrolysis of unsaturated long-chain dihydroceramides as efficiently as unsaturated long-chain ceramides. ACER1 and ACER2, the homologues of ACER3, also catalyzed the hydrolysis of certain dihydroceramide species to generate dihydrosphingosine | Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
(dihydro)ceramidase | - |
Homo sapiens |
ACER-2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
ACER1 | - |
Homo sapiens |
ACER2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
ACER3 | - |
Homo sapiens |
alkaline ceramidase 2 | - |
Homo sapiens |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | the retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide, i.e. fenretinide, increases the expression of ACER-2 through a retinoic acid receptor-independent and caspase-dependent manner | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
metabolism | inverse regulation of ACER2 and dihydrosphingosine desaturase is an important mechanism by which N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide exerts its cytotoxic and apoptotic effects in tumor cells | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | ACER2 catalyzes the hydrolysis of dihydroceramides to generate dihydrosphingosine. ACER2 upregulation plays a key role in mediating the N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide-induced generation of dihydrosphingosine as well as the cytotoxicity of 4-HPR in tumor cells, while ACER3 has a limited role, overview | Homo sapiens |