Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | compartment-specific biosensors can be used to gain insight into the regulation of proprotein convertase trafficking and to map the tropism of PC-specific inhibitors | Homo sapiens |
Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
the distribution of proprotein convertase activities at the tissue level are monitored by introduction of biosensor CLIP (cell-linked indicator of proteolysis). CLIP v.3 is suitable for ratiometric imaging without interference by FRET, whereas CLIP v.4 can be used as a FRET-based biosensor to quantify PC activities in specific intracellular vesicles, enzyme and CLIP expression in HEK-293T cells. Fusion to the cytosolic tail of PC7 directs CLIP v.4 to compartments that harbor furin activity, but not full-length proprotein convertase 7 (PC7) | Homo sapiens |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone | - |
Homo sapiens |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
endosome | - |
Homo sapiens | 5768 | - |
additional information | complementary subcellular distribution of bioactive furin and proprotein convertase PC7. Furin activity in endosomes is 10fold less inhibited by decanoyl-RVKR-chloromethylketone and enriched over 3fold in endosomes compared to the trans-Golgi network. Development of targeted compartment-specific biosensors. Endogenous PC7, which resists the inhibitor, is active in distinct vesicles. The distribution of proprotein convertase activities at the tissue level are monitored by introduction of biosensor CLIP (cell-linked indicator of proteolysis). CLIP v.3 is suitable for ratiometric imaging without interference by FRET and can estimate PC activity in exocytic compartments, whereas CLIP v.4 can be used as a FRET-based biosensor to quantify PC activities in specific intracellular vesicles. Fusion to the cytosolic tail of PC7 directs CLIP v.4 to compartments that harbor furin activity, but not full-length PC7 | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
trans-Golgi network | - |
Homo sapiens | 5802 | - |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
Ca2+ | required | Homo sapiens |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Homo sapiens | P09958 | - |
- |
Posttranslational Modification | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
proteolytic modification | after autocleavage, proprotein convertases (PCs) exit the endoplasmatic reticulum. They remain bound to their inhibitory cleaved prosegments in latent form until arrival at the cell surface or, in the case of furin, in acidic endosomes, probably to avoid precocious activation or degradation of their substrates. Activated furin can then recycle from endosomes to the trans-Golgi network by binding to specific adaptors in the cytosol | Homo sapiens |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
B16-F1 cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
melanoma cell | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Notch 1 + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
proactivin A + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | activin A + ? | - |
? |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
furin | - |
Homo sapiens |
Proprotein convertase | - |
Homo sapiens |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
evolution | four of nine conserved proprotein convertases (PCs), including furin, Pace4, PC5A/B, and PC7, cleave substrates after the minimal dibasic recognition motif (K/R)-(X)n-(K/R)Y, where n is 0, 2, 4, or 6 and X can be any amino acid. In 152 PC sequences examined across species, the catalytic sites are 95% identical | Homo sapiens |
malfunction | the PLC motif in the cytosolic tail of proprotein convertase 7 (PC7) is dispensable for endosomal activity, but it is specifically required for trans-Golgi network (TGN) recycling and to rescue proactivin-A cleavage in furin-depleted B16-F1 melanoma cells. PC7 complements furin in cleaving Notch1 independently of PLC-mediated TGN access | Homo sapiens |
metabolism | all proprotein convertase (PC) activity detected in the trans-Golgi network/endosomal system of B16-F1 cells is mediated by furin, but not by endogenous PC7 | Homo sapiens |
physiological function | CRISPR editing reveals that both furin and PC7 are functional in B16-F1 cells and able to substitute for each other during Notch1 and ADAM10 precursor processing | Homo sapiens |