Literature summary for 3.4.21.122 extracted from

Glowacka, I.; Bertram, S.; Mueller, M.A.; Allen, P.; Soilleux, E.; Pfefferle, S.; Steffen, I.; Tsegaye, T.S.; He, Y.; Gnirss, K.; Niemeyer, D.; Schneider, H.; Drosten, C.; Poehlmann, S.
Evidence that TMPRSS2 activates the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein for membrane fusion and reduces viral control by the humoral immune response (2011), J. Virol., 85, 4122-4134 .

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Application

Application	Comment	Organism
medicine	SARS spike (S) protein cleavage by TMPRSS2 decreases viral sensitivity to inhibition by neutralizing antibodies, and TMPRSS2-dependent SARS S shedding confers resistance against antibody-mediated neutralization. TMPRSS2 cleaves and activates SARS S in trans. TMPRSS2 on target cells allows efficient SARS S-driven virus-cell fusion in the presence of a lysosomotropic agent and a cathepsin inhibitor	Homo sapiens

Localization

Localization	Comment	Organism	GeneOntology No.	Textmining
membrane	-	Homo sapiens	16020	-

Organism

Organism	UniProt	Comment	Textmining
Homo sapiens	O15393	-	-

Source Tissue

Source Tissue	Comment	Organism	Textmining
lung	-	Homo sapiens	-

Substrates and Products (Substrate)

Substrates	Comment Substrates	Organism	Products	Comment (Products)	Rev.	Reac.
SARS coronavirus spike protein + H2O	-	Homo sapiens	?	-	?

General Information

General Information	Comment	Organism
physiological function	SARS spike (S) protein is cleaved into several fragments upon coexpression of TMPRSS2 (cis-cleavage) and upon contact between SARS S-expressing cells and TMPRSS2-positive cells (trans-cleavage). cis-Cleavage results in release of SARS S fragments into the cellular supernatant and in inhibition of antibody-mediated neutralization. trans-Cleavage activates SARS S on effector cells for fusion with target cells and allows efficient SARS S-driven viral entry into targets treated with a lysosomotropic agent or a cathepsin inhibitor. ACE2, the cellular receptor for SARSCoV, and TMPRSS2 are coexpressed by type II pneumocytes	Homo sapiens

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Release 2023.1 (January 2023)