Activating Compound | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
cysteine | 60% activation | Bos taurus | |
NaCl | - |
Homo sapiens | |
NaCl | prevents inhibition by impurities present in the substrate | Bos taurus |
Application | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
medicine | increasing absorption of fluids in dermal clysis, increasing diffusion of injected substances | Bos taurus |
General Stability | Organism |
---|---|
at room temperature activity rapidly lost, addition of a peptide derived from gelatin increases stability | Bos taurus |
Inhibitors | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
acetylated hyaluronic acid | - |
Bos taurus | |
Cu2+ | inhibition reversed by cysteine | Bos taurus | |
Fe2+ | - |
Bos taurus | |
Fe3+ | inhibition reversed by diphosphate | Bos taurus | |
heparin | inhibition can be prevented by addition of NaCl | Bos taurus | |
heparin | - |
Homo sapiens | |
nitrated hyaluronic acid | - |
Bos taurus | |
polymer from gentisic acid | - |
Homo sapiens | |
quinol | irreversible inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
quinone | irreversible inhibition | Homo sapiens | |
rutin | - |
Bos taurus | |
serum protein | inhibition strongly influenced by salts, that in- or decrease the effect | Bos taurus | |
Zn2+ | - |
Bos taurus |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
extracellular | secreted from cell culture | Homo sapiens | - |
- |
Metals/Ions | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
CaCl2 | more effective activation than with NaCl | Bos taurus | |
diphosphate | 30% activation | Bos taurus | |
MgCl2 | more effective activation than with NaCl | Bos taurus |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
hyaluronic acid + H2O | Cavia porcellus | - |
? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | Homo sapiens | - |
? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | Sus scrofa | - |
? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | Bos taurus | - |
? | - |
? |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Bos taurus | - |
- |
- |
Cavia porcellus | - |
guinea pig | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
- |
- |
Ovis aries aries | - |
ovine | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
- |
- |
Purification (Comment) | Organism |
---|---|
partial | Bos taurus |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
cell culture | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
semen | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
semen | - |
Bos taurus | - |
skin | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
skin | - |
Bos taurus | - |
synovia | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
synovia | - |
Bos taurus | - |
testis | - |
Bos taurus | - |
testis | - |
Ovis aries aries | - |
umbilical cord | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
umbilical cord | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
vitreous humor | - |
Homo sapiens | - |
vitreous humor | - |
Sus scrofa | - |
vitreous humor | - |
Bos taurus | - |
vitreous humor | - |
Ovis aries aries | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
chondroitin sulfate A + H2O | acting at the same rate as with hyaluronic acid | Bos taurus | oligosaccharides + ? | - |
? | |
chondroitin sulfate C + H2O | acting at the same rate as with hyaluronic acid | Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Cavia porcellus | ? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Homo sapiens | ? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Sus scrofa | ? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | - |
Bos taurus | ? | - |
? | |
hyaluronic acid + H2O | complete hydrolysis | Bos taurus | hyaluronic acid tetrasaccharides + ? | - |
? |
Temperature Stability Minimum [°C] | Temperature Stability Maximum [°C] | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
50 | - |
in the presence of gelatin twice as active as at 37°C | Bos taurus |
65 | - |
complete inactivation above | Bos taurus |
pH Optimum Minimum | pH Optimum Maximum | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|---|
5.4 | - |
broad optimum below, pH-activity curve depends on hyaluronate-enzyme and enzyme-inhibitor interactions | Bos taurus |