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Literature summary for 2.3.2.8 extracted from
- Ate1-mediated posttranslational arginylation affects substrate adhesion and cell migration in Dictyostelium discoideum (2019), Mol. Biol. Cell, 30, 453-466 .
Cloned(Commentary)
| Cloned (Comment) | Organism |
|---|---|
| gene ATE1, DNA and amino acid sequence determination and analysis, sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis, recombinant C-terminal GFP-tagged DdAte1 is transxadfected into Dictyostelium wild-type cells, it localizes to the cytosol and is enriched in the nucleus and pseudopodial protruxadsions | Dictyostelium discoideum |
Protein Variants
| Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| additional information | knockout of the gene encoding Ate1 and analysis of ate1- null cell phenotype, overview. Actin cytoskeleton dynamics by live-cell microscopy indicated significant changes in comparison to wild-type cells. In two-dimensional chemotaxis assays toward folate or cAMP, the motility of ate1-null cells is increased, while in three-dimensional chemoxadtaxis involving more confined conditions, the motility of ate1-null cells is significantly rexadduced. Actin isolated from ate1-null cells reveals different isoelectric properties and lower polymerization capacity in comparison to actin from wild-type | Dictyostelium discoideum |
Localization
| Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| cytosol | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum | 5829 | - |
| additional information | DdAte1-GFP localization in the cytosol and nucleus is more persistent than in transient pseudopodial protruxadsions. DdAte1-GFP expressing cells are measured in nuclei, cytosol, and lamellipodia. DdAte1-GFP is slightly more prominent in cortical protrusions than in the nucleus. Localization analysis of GFP-tagged Ate1, overview | Dictyostelium discoideum | - |
- |
| nucleus | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum | 5634 | - |
Natural Substrates/ Products (Substrates)
| Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + protein | Dictyostelium discoideum | - |
tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[protein] | - |
? |  |
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + protein | Dictyostelium discoideum AX2-214 | - |
tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[protein] | - |
? | |
Organism
| Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dictyostelium discoideum | Q55EI0 | - |
- |
| Dictyostelium discoideum AX2-214 | Q55EI0 | - |
- |
Source Tissue
| Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
|---|---|---|---|
| pseudopodium | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum | - |
Substrates and Products (Substrate)
| Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + beta-actin | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum | tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[beta-actin] | - |
? | |
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + beta-actin | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum AX2-214 | tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[beta-actin] | - |
? | |
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + protein | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum | tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[protein] | - |
? | |
| L-arginyl-tRNAArg + protein | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum AX2-214 | tRNAArg + L-arginyl-[protein] | - |
? | |
| additional information | identification of four arginylation sites in the most abundant actin isoform of Dictyostelium discoideum, in addition to arginylation sites in other actin isoforms and several actin-binding proteins | Dictyostelium discoideum | ? | - |
- |
|
| additional information | identification of four arginylation sites in the most abundant actin isoform of Dictyostelium discoideum, in addition to arginylation sites in other actin isoforms and several actin-binding proteins | Dictyostelium discoideum AX2-214 | ? | - |
- |
|
Subunits
| Subunits | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| More | domain architecture of DdAte1 and structure comparisons, overview | Dictyostelium discoideum |
Synonyms
| Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum |
| arginyltransferase 1 | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum |
| Ate1 | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum |
| DdAte1 | - |
Dictyostelium discoideum |
General Information
| General Information | Comment | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| evolution | the Dictyostelium discoideum genome encodes only one Ate1 family member, Ate1 (DdAte1) | Dictyostelium discoideum |
| malfunction | Ate1- null cells are almost completely lacking focal actin adhesion sites at the substrate-attached surface and are only weakly adhesive. In vitro polymerization assays with actin purified from ate1-null cells reveal a diminished polymerization capacity in comparixadson to wild-type actin. Chemotaxis of aggregation-competent ate1-/- null cells is impaired in three-dimensional compared with two-dimensional environments | Dictyostelium discoideum |
| additional information | GFP-tagged Ate1 rapidly relocates to sites of newly formed actin-rich protrusions | Dictyostelium discoideum |
| physiological function | the highly conserved enzyme arginyl-tRNA-protein transferase (Ate1) mediates arginylation, a posttranslational modification that is only incompletely understood at its molexadcular level. Ate1-mediated posttranslational arginylation affects substrate adhesion and cell migration in Dictyostelium discoideum. Arginylation plays a crucial role in the regulation of cytoskeletal activities | Dictyostelium discoideum |
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