Protein Variants | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
additional information | complementation of SSADH-deficient yeast with Arabidopsis thaliana GLYR1, the yeast then grows on 20 mM GABA as the sole nitrogen source and contains elevated levels of 4-hydroxybutyrate | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Localization | Comment | Organism | GeneOntology No. | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|---|
chloroplast | isozyme GLYR2 | Arabidopsis thaliana | 9507 | - |
cytosol | isozyme GLYR1 | Arabidopsis thaliana | 5829 | - |
Natural Substrates | Organism | Comment (Nat. Sub.) | Natural Products | Comment (Nat. Pro.) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
glycolate + NADP+ | - |
ir | |
additional information | Arabidopsis thaliana | both cytosolic GLYR1 and plastidial GLYR2 catalyse the essentially irreversible, NADPH-based conversion of glyoxylate into glycolate, and can be regulated by the NADPH/NADP ratio | ? | - |
? | |
succinic semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ | Arabidopsis thaliana | succinic semialdehyde-dependent GLYR activity potentially occurs in planta, despite the fact that glyoxylate is the preferred substrate in vitro | 4-hydroxybutyrate + NADP+ | - |
ir |
Organism | UniProt | Comment | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
NADPH-dependent cytosolic termed GLYR1, and plastidial termed GLYR2 isoforms of succinic semialdehyde/glyoxylate reductase | - |
Source Tissue | Comment | Organism | Textmining |
---|---|---|---|
leaf | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
additional information | GLYR activity is found at all developmental stages and in all tissues, and activity is generally higher in vegetative and reproductive organs than in roots | Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
root | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | - |
Substrates | Comment Substrates | Organism | Products | Comment (Products) | Rev. | Reac. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | glycolate + NADP+ | - |
ir | |
glyoxylate + NADPH + H+ | preferred substrate | Arabidopsis thaliana | glycolate + NADP+ | - |
ir | |
additional information | both cytosolic GLYR1 and plastidial GLYR2 catalyse the essentially irreversible, NADPH-based conversion of glyoxylate into glycolate, and can be regulated by the NADPH/NADP ratio | Arabidopsis thaliana | ? | - |
? | |
succinic semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ | succinic semialdehyde-dependent GLYR activity potentially occurs in planta, despite the fact that glyoxylate is the preferred substrate in vitro | Arabidopsis thaliana | 4-hydroxybutyrate + NADP+ | - |
ir |
Subunits | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
More | GLYR1 structure, molecular modelling, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
Synonyms | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
GLYR1 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
GLYR2 | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
succinic semialdehyde/glyoxylate reductase | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
Cofactor | Comment | Organism | Structure |
---|---|---|---|
NADP+ | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana | |
NADPH | - |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
Organism | Comment | Expression |
---|---|---|
Arabidopsis thaliana | GLYR isozyme transcript levels increase under various stresses, such as cold and heat | up |
General Information | Comment | Organism |
---|---|---|
metabolism | the enzyme is involved in the glycolate metabolism, as well as the 4-hydroxybutyrate production and the GABA shunt pathway, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |
physiological function | succinic semialdehyde and glyoxylate are typically generated in leaves via two distinct metabolic pathways, 4-aminobutyrate and glycolate respectively. GLYR isozymes function in the detoxification of both aldehydes during stress and contribute to redox balance, overview | Arabidopsis thaliana |